Key Message: This book aims to explain physics in a readable and interesting manner that is accessible and clear, and to teach readers by anticipating their needs and difficulties without oversimplifying. Physics is a description of reality, and thus each topic begins with concrete observations and experiences that readers can directly relate to. We then move on to the generalizations and more formal treatment of the topic. Not only does this make the material more interesting and easier to understand, but it is closer to the way physics is actually practiced.

Key Topics:

INTRODUCTION, MEASUREMENT, ESTIMATING, DESCRIBING MOTION: KINEMATICS IN ONE DIMENSION, KINEMATICS IN TWO OR THREE DIMENSIONS; VECTORS, DYNAMICS: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION , USING NEWTON’S LAWS: FRICTION, CIRCULAR MOTION, DRAG FORCES , GRAVITATION AND NEWTON’S6 SYNTHESIS , WORK AND ENERGY, CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, LINEAR MOMENTUM, ROTATIONAL MOTION, ANGULAR MOMENTUM; GENERAL ROTATION, STATIC EQUILIBRIUM; ELASTICITY AND FRACTURE, FLUIDS, OSCILLATIONS, WAVE MOTION, SOUND, TEMPERATURE, THERMAL EXPANSION, AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW,

 KINETIC THEORY OF GASES,  HEAT AND THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

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CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1

APPLICATIONS LIST xii

PREFACE xiv

AVAILABLE SUPPLEMENTS AND MEDIA xxii

NOTES TO STUDENTS (AND INSTRUCTORS) ON THE FORMAT xxiv

COLOR USE: VECTORS, FIELDS, AND SYMBOLS xxv

CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION, MEASUREMENT, ESTIMATING

1—1 The Nature of Science

1—2 Models, Theories, and Laws

1—3 Measurement and Uncertainty; Significant Figures

1—4 Units, Standards, and the SI System

1—5 Converting Units

1—6 Order of Magnitude: Rapid Estimating

*1—7 Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 2: DESCRIBING MOTION: KINEMATICS IN ONE DIMENSION

2—1 Reference Frames and Displacement

2—2 Average Velocity

2—3 Instantaneous Velocity

2—4 Acceleration

2—5 Motion at Constant Acceleration

2—6 Solving Problems

2—7 Freely Falling Objects

*2—8 Variable Acceleration; Integral Calculus

*2—9 Graphical Analysis and Numerical Integration

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 3: KINEMATICS IN TWO OR THREE DIMENSIONS; VECTORS

3—1 Vectors and Scalars

3—2 Addition of Vectors–Graphical Methods

3—3 Subtraction of Vectors, and Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar

3—4 Adding Vectors by Components

3—5 Unit Vectors

3—6 Vector Kinematics

3—7 Projectile Motion

3—8 Solving Problems Involving Projectile Motion

3—9 Relative Velocity

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 4: DYNAMICS: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

4—1 Force

4—2 Newton’s First Law of Motion

4—3 Mass

4—4 Newton’s Second Law of Motion

4—5 Newton’s Third Law of Motion

4—6 Weight–the Force of Gravity; and the Normal Force

4—7 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws: Free-Body Diagrams

4—8 Problem Solving–A General Approach

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 5: USING NEWTON’S LAWS: FRICTION, CIRCULAR MOTION, DRAG FORCES

5—1 Applications of Newton’s Laws Involving Friction

5—2 Uniform Circular Motion–Kinematics

5—3 Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion

5—4 Highway Curves: Banked and Unbanked

*5—5 Nonuniform Circular Motion

*5—6 Velocity-Dependent Forces: Drag and Terminal Velocity

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 6: GRAVITATION AND NEWTON’S6 SYNTHESIS

6—1 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

6—2 Vector Form of Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

6—3 Gravity Near the Earth’s Surface; Geophysical Applications

6—4 Satellites and “Weightlessness”

6—5 Kepler’s Laws and Newton’s Synthesis

*6—6 Gravitational Field

6—7 Types of Forces in Nature

*6—8 Principle of Equivalence; Curvature of Space; Black Holes

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 7: WORK AND ENERGY

7—1 Work Done by a Constant Force

7—2 Scalar Product of Two Vectors

7—3 Work Done by a Varying Force

7—4 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Principle

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 8: CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

8—1 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces

8—2 Potential Energy

8—3 Mechanical Energy and Its Conservation

8—4 Problem Solving Using Conservation of Mechanical Energy

8—5 The Law of Conservation of Energy

8—6 Energy Conservation with Dissipative Forces: Solving Problems

8—7 Gravitational Potential Energy and Escape Velocity

8—8 Power

*8—9 Potential Energy Diagrams; Stable and Unstable Equilibrium

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 9: LINEAR MOMENTUM

9—1 Momentum and Its Relation to Force

9—2 Conservation of Momentum

9—3 Collisions and Impulse

9—4 Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collisions

9—5 Elastic Collisions in One Dimension

9—6 Inelastic Collisions

9—7 Collisions in Two or Three Dimensions

9—8 Center of Mass (CM)

9—9 Center of Mass and Translational Motion

*9—10 Systems of Variable Mass; Rocket Propulsion

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 10: ROTATIONAL MOTION

10—1 Angular Quantities

10—2 Vector Nature of Angular Quantities

10—3 Constant Angular Acceleration

10—4 Torque

10—5 Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia

10—6 Solving Problems in Rotational Dynamics

10—7 Determining Moments of Inertia

10—8 Rotational Kinetic Energy

10—9 Rotational Plus Translational Motion; Rolling

*10—10 Why Does a Rolling Sphere Slow Down?

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 11: ANGULAR MOMENTUM; GENERAL ROTATION

11—1 Angular Momentum–Object Rotating About a Fixed Axis

11—2 Vector Cross Product; Torque as a Vector

11—3 Angular Momentum of a Particle

11—4 Angular Momentum and Torque for a System of Particles; General Motion

11—5 Angular Momentum and Torque for a Rigid Object

11—6 Conservation of Angular Momentum

*11—7 The Spinning Top and Gyroscope

*11—8 Rotating Frames of Reference; Inertial Forces

*11—9 The Coriolis Effect

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 12: STATIC EQUILIBRIUM; ELASTICITY AND FRACTURE

12—1 The Conditions for Equilibrium

12—2 Solving Statics Problems

12—3 Stability and Balance

12—4 Elasticity; Stress and Strain

12—5 Fracture

*12—6 Trusses and Bridges

*12—7 Arches and Domes

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 13: FLUIDS

13—1 Phases of Matter

13—2 Density and Specific Gravity

13—3 Pressure in Fluids

13—4 Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure

13—5 Pascal’s Principle

13—6 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the Barometer

13—7 Buoyancy and Archimedes’ Principle

13—8 Fluids in Motion; Flow Rate and the Equation of Continuity

13—9 Bernoulli’s Equation

13—10 Applications of Bernoulli’s Principle: Torricelli, Airplanes, Baseballs, TIA

*13—11 Viscosity

*13—12 Flow in Tubes: Poiseuille’s Equation, Blood Flow

*13—13 Surface Tension and Capillarity

*13—14 Pumps, and the Heart

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 14: OSCILLATIONS

14—1 Oscillations of a Spring

14—2 Simple Harmonic Motion

14—3 Energy in the Simple Harmonic Oscillator

14—4 Simple Harmonic Motion Related to Uniform Circular Motion

14—5 The Simple Pendulum

*14—6 The Physical Pendulum and the Torsion Pendulum

14—7 Damped Harmonic Motion

14—8 Forced Oscillations; Resonance

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 15: WAVE MOTION

15—1 Characteristics of Wave Motion

15—2 Types of Waves: Transverse and Longitudinal

15—3 Energy Transported by Waves

15—4 Mathematical Representation of a Traveling Wave

*15—5 The Wave Equation

15—6 The Principle of Superposition

15—7 Reflection and Transmission

15—8 Interference

15—9 Standing Waves; Resonance

*15—10 Refraction

*15—11 Diffraction

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 16: SOUND

16—1 Characteristics of Sound

16—2 Mathematical Representation of Longitudinal Waves

16—3 Intensity of Sound: Decibels

16—4 Sources of Sound: Vibrating Strings and Air Columns

*16—5 Quality of Sound, and Noise; Superposition

16—6 Interference of Sound Waves; Beats

16—7 Doppler Effect

*16—8 Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom

*16—9 Applications: Sonar, Ultrasound, and Medical Imaging

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 17: TEMPERATURE, THERMAL EXPANSION, AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW

17—1 Atomic Theory of Matter

17—2 Temperature and Thermometers

17—3 Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

17—4 Thermal Expansion

*17—5 Thermal Stresses

17—6 The Gas Laws and Absolute Temperature

17—7 The Ideal Gas Law

17—8 Problem Solving with the Ideal Gas Law

17—9 Ideal Gas Law in Terms of Molecules: Avogadro’s Number

*17—10 Ideal Gas Temperature Scale–a Standard

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 18: KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

18—1 The Ideal Gas Law and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature

18—2 Distribution of Molecular Speeds

18—3 Real Gases and Changes of Phase

18—4 Vapor Pressure and Humidity

*18—5 Van der Waals Equation of State

*18—6 Mean Free Path

*18—7 Diffusion

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 19: HEAT AND THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

19—1 Heat as Energy Transfer

19—2 Internal Energy

19—3 Specific Heat

19—4 Calorimetry–Solving Problems

19—5 Latent Heat

19—6 The First Law of Thermodynamics

19—7 Applying the First Law of Thermodynamics; Calculating the Work

19—8 Molar Specific Heats for Gases, and the Equipartition of Energy

19—9 Adiabatic Expansion of a Gas

19—10 Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 20: SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

20—1 The Second Law of Thermodynamics–Introduction

20—2 Heat Engines

20—3 Reversible and Irreversible Processes; the Carnot Engine

20—4 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps

20—5 Entropy

20—6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

20—7 Order to Disorder

20—8 Unavailability of Energy; Heat Death

*20—9 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law

*20—10 Thermodynamic Temperature Scale; Absolute Zero and the Third Law of Thermodynamics

*20—11 Thermal Pollution, Global Warming, and Energy Resources

SUMMARY

QUESTIONS

PROBLEMS

GENERAL PROBLEMS