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Original Essays | April 29, 2013
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Vikings Rev Editionby Else Roesdahl
Synopses & ReviewsPublisher Comments:Far from being just "wild, barbaric, ax-wielding pirates," the Vikings created complex social institutions, oversaw the coming of Christianity to Scandinavia, and made a major impact on European history through trade, travel, and far-flung colonization. This encyclopedic study brings together wide-ranging research on Viking art, burial customs, class divisions, jewelry, kingship, poetry, and family life, and, in this revised edition, recent discoveries. The result is a rich and compelling picture of an extraordinary civilization that flourished for three hundred years, well into the eleventh century. Synopsis:An encyclopedic study bringing together the latest research on Viking art, burial customs, class divisions, jewellery, kingship, poetry and family life with a view to assessing the Viking's impact on European history. Originally published in 1991 by Allen Lane. In the PENGUIN PRESS HISTORY series.
Description:Includes bibliographical references (p. [302]-315) and indexes.
About the AuthorElse Roesdahl is Professor in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Århus, Denmark, and Special Professor in Viking Studies at the University of Nottingham, England. Table of ContentsPicture Credits Acknowledgements Preface Maps INTRODUCTION The Allure of the Vikings THE VIKING AGE AND ITS SOURCES The Study of the Viking Age Written sources – Place-names – Archaeological finds SCANDINAVIA Geography, Nature and Culture Norway – Sweden – Denmark The People Dress – Jewellery – Houses and feasting Language, Writing and Personal Names Society Slaves – The free – Women, sexual roles and children – Rules of conduct Kings and Kingdoms Accession to the throne and personal power – Royal power – Political developments Travel, Transport and Ships Travel on land – Winter transport – Ships and sailing Livelihood and Settlement Denmark – Sweden and Norway – Ohthere from Halogaland Exchange, Silver and Merchandise Exchange of goods – Silver and coins – Goods Trade and Towns Hedeby – Birka – Kaupang – Other trading stations and towns Fortifications, Weapons and Warfare Ramparts, fortresses and sea-barriers – The Danevirke – Royal fortresses – Weapons and warfare The Old and the New Religion The old faith – Conversion – The introduction of Christianity Art and Poetry Decorative and pictorial art – Poetry THE EXPANSION Background and Beginnings The Mainland of Western Europe Historical events – Archaeological evidence and the significance of the expeditions – Normandy Scotland and the Isle of Man Ireland The Vikings in Ireland – The excavations in Dublin England Exploitation, conquest and settlement – The Scandinavians in England – New expeditions and conquests – Cnut the Great and afterwards Iceland, the Faroes, Greenland and America The settlement of Iceland – The Faroes – Colonists in Greenland and travels to America The Baltic Region, Russia, Byzantium and the Caliphate Across the Baltic – Towards the glories of the East – The great riverways and the memorials CONCLUSION The World of the Vikings Notcs on the Translation Bibliography Indexes LIST OF FIGURES AND MAPS 1 Europe and neighbouring regions 2 Southern Scandinavia 3 Scandinavia and the Baltic region 4 Graffiti from the Oseberg ship, Norway 5 Rune-stone ornament from Tullstorp in Skane, Sweden 6 Principles of dendrochronology 7 Ornament from the Tjangvide stone, Gotland, Sweden 8 Small bronze and silver figures from Sweden 9 Reconstruction of male and female dress 10 Reconstruction of a town house from Hedeby, Germany 11 The runic alphabet: the fupark 12 Burial with master and slave from Stengade, Denmark 13 Rune-stone ornament from Ledberg, Sweden 14 Rune-stone ornament from Lund, Sweden 15 Jarlabanke's causeway in Taby, Sweden 16 Reconstruction of two warships from Skuldelev, Denmark 17 Reconstruction of two cargo ships from Skuldelev, Denmark, 18 Plan of Vorbasse village, Denmark 19 Scandinavian coins 20 Plan of the town of Hedeby and its surrounding 21 The Danevirke border wall 22 Plans of Danish royal fortresses: Trelleborg, Fyrkat and Aggersborg 23 Royal building works in tenth-century Denmark 24 Thor's fishing expedition depicted on the Altuna stone, Sweden 25 Male grave with grave-goods from Birka, Sweden 26 Plan of the Jelling monuments, Denmark 27 Rune stone from Froso, Sweden 28 Sigurd Fafnisbani, from runic monument at Ramsund, Sweden 29 Ornament of mount from Broa, Gotland, Sweden 30 Ornament on the Jelling cup, Denmark 31 Viking warrior on the Middleton cross, England 32 Western Europe 33 Frankish mount found in Denmark 34 Normandy 35 Scotland and the Isle of Man 36 The Kingdom of Man 37 Thorleif's cross, Isle of Man 38 Ireland 39 Reconstruction of a Dublin street 40 The movements of the Viking army in England 865–79 41 England 42 Scandinavian parish names in England 43 The North Atlantic region 44 Plan of buildings at L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, Canada 45 The Mervalla rune stone, Sweden 46 Viking pendants from Gnezdovo, Russia, and disc from Carwitz, Germany 47 Rune-stone ornament from Nora, Sweden LIST OF PLATES 1 Satellite photograph of Scandinavia and the Baltic 2 The Oseberg ship during excavation, Norway 3 Household utensils from Oseberg, Norway 4 Head of helmeted Viking from Sigtuna, Sweden 5 Egg of a human intestinal parasite, from York 6 The Hon hoard, Norway 7 Iron extraction area at Mosstrand, Norway 8 Weapons from Norway 9 Birka, Sweden 10 Glasses from Birka graves 11 Burial mounds at Borre, Norway 12 Jelling rune stones, Denmark 13 Reconstruction of a Fyrkat house, Denmark 14 Trelleborg fortress, Denmark 15 Picture stone from Hammars in Larbro, Gotland, Sweden 16 Thor's hammer pendant from Bredsatra, Oland, Sweden 17 Cross pendant from Trondheim, Norway 18 Christ on the Jelling stone, Denmark 19 Borre style: mounts from Borre and Gokstad, Norway 20 Jelling style: cup and mounts from Jelling, Denmark 21 Mammen style: axe from Mammen, Denmark 22 Ringerike style: stone from St Paul's, London 23 Urnes style: portal from Urnes Church, Norway 24 Viking burial at Westness, Orkney 25 Hogback grave stones from Brompton, England 26 Cuerdale silver hoard, England 27 Manuscript drawing of King Cnut and Emma, England 28 Brattahlid in Greenland
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