This reference series, centred on analytic philosophy but also covering important aspects of the continental tradition and of non-Western philosophies, is made up of a number of volumes each dealing with a particular subject area. Taken together the series offers a comprehensive survey of philosophy as a whole. The entries in each volume combine summarized information on names, terms and moverments and each essay is also supported by a selective bibliography.

Alphabetically arranged, the 130 articles in this volume provide comprehensive coverage of the main topics and writers in this area of aesthetics. The Companionwill serve students of philosophy, literary criticism and cultural studies - as well as the general reader - both as a work of reference and, with its many substantial essays, as a guide to the best thinking about the arts in the late twentieth century.

"Academic libraries ... should not hesitate to acquire this important reference guide." Religion and Reference

• Written by prominent scholars covering a wide-range of key topics in aesthetics and the philosophy of art
• Features revised and expanded entries from the first edition, as well as new chapters on recent developments in aesthetics and a larger number of essays on non-Western thought about art
• Unique to this edition are six overview essays on the history of aesthetics in the West from antiquity to modern times

In this extensively revised and updated edition, 168 alphabetically arranged articles provide comprehensive treatment of the main topics and writers in this area of aesthetics. Major additions include historical overviews from the prehistoric to the present and a section on the individual arts. A Companion to Aesthetics, 2nd editionwill serve students of philosophy, literary criticism and cultural studies - as well as the educated general reader - both as a work of reference and, with its many substantial essays, as a guide to the best thinking about the arts from the ancient Greeks to the dawn of the twenty-first century.

Kathleen Marie Higginsis at the University of Texas at Austin. She is the author of The Music of Our Lives (Temple University Press, 1991), of many books in other areas of philosophy, and is editor of Aesthetics in Perceptive (Harcourt Brace, 1996). She is on the editorial board of Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism. She brings to the project specialist knowledge of Continental philosophy, history of aesthetics, non-Western aesthetics, and feminism.

Robert Hopkins, University of Sheffield, is the author of Picture, Image and Experience (Cambridge University Press, 1998). He brings to the project expert knowledge of painting, the plastic arts, the imagination, and aesthetic judgment.

Robert Steckeris at Central Michigan University. He is the author of Artworks (Penn State, 1997), Interpretation and Construction (Blackwell, 2003), and Aesthetics and the Philosophy of Art (Rowman & Littlefield, 2005). He brings to the project specialist knowledge of literature and interpretation. He is co-editor for aesthetics and the philosophy of art for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy and he has co-edited editions of Hume's Treatise and of Locke's Essay.

David E. Cooperis Professor of Philosophy at the University of Durham. His many books include Epistemology: The Classic Readings(Blackwell 1999); Ethics: The Classic Readings(Blackwell 1997); A Companion to Aesthetics(Blackwell 1992); World Philosophies: An Historical Introduction(Blackwell 1995); Metaphor(1986); Heidegger(1996). He is currently editing the series Philosophy: The Classic Readings(Blackwell Publishers).

II. Historical Overviews.

1. art of the Paleolithic: Gregory Currie (University of Nottingham).

2. aesthetics in antiquity: Stephen Halliwell (University of St. Andrews).

3. medieval and renaissance aesthetics: John Marenbon (Trinity College, Cambridge).

4. eighteenth-century aesthetics: Paul Guyer (University of Pennsylvania).

5. nineteenth- and twentieth-century Continental aesthetics: Robert Wicks (University of Auckland).

6. twentieth-century Anglo-American aesthetics: Stephen Davies and Robert Stecker (University of Auckland; Central Michigan University).

The Arts.

7. architecture: Edward Winters (West Dean College).

8. dance: Julie Van Camp (California State University, Long-Beach).

9. drama: James Hamilton (Kansas State University).

10. drawing, painting, and printmaking: Patrick Maynard (University of Western Ontario, Emeritus).

11. literature: David Davies (Mcgill University).

12. motion pictures: Noël Carroll (City University of New York Graduate Center).

13. music and song: John Andrew Fisher and Stephen Davies (University of Colorado- Boulder; University of Auckland).

14. opera: Paul Thom (University of Sydney).

15. photography: Patrick Maynard (University of Western Ontarion, Emeritus).

16. poetry: Anna Christina Ribeiro (Texas Tech University).

17. sculpture: Erik Koed.

A.

18. abstraction: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

19. Adorno, Theodor W.: Paul Mattick (Adelphi University).

20. aesthetic attitude: David E. Cooper (University of Durham).

21. aesthetic education: Pradeep A. Dhillon (University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign).

22. aesthetic judgment: Andrew Ward (University of York).

23. aesthetic pleasure: Jerrold Levinson (University of Maryland, College Park).

24. aesthetic properties: Alan H. Goldman (College of William and Mary).

25. aestheticism: David Whewell (Independent Scholar).

26. aesthetics of food and drink: Carolyn Korsmeyer (University at Buffalo).

27. aesthetics of the environment: Allen Carlson (University of Alberta).

28. aesthetics of the everyday: Sherri Irvin (University of Oklahoma).

29. African aesthetics: John Ayotunde (Tunde) Isola Bewaji (University of the West Indies).

30. Amerindian aesthetics: Anthony K. Webster (Southern Illinois University).

31. Aquinas, Thomas: John Haldane (University of St. Andrews).

32. Aristotle: Stephen Halliwell (University of St. Andrews).

33. art history: David Carrier (Case Western Reserve University/ Cleveland Institute of Art).

34. artifact, art as: George Dickie and Robert Stecker (University of Illinois- Chicago Emeritus; Central Michigan University).

35. 'artworld': Anita Silvers (San Francisco State University).

36. authenticity and art: Theodore Gracyk (Minnesota State University - Moorhead).

B.

37. Barthes, Roland: Mary Bittner Wiseman (CUNY, Brooklyn College).

38. Baumgarten, Alexander G.: Nicholas Davey (University of Dundee).

39. Beardsley, Monroe C.: Donald Callen (Bowling Green State University).

40. beauty: Mary Mothersill (Barnard College).

41. Bell, Clive: Ronald W. Hepburn (University of Edinburgh).

42. Benjamin, Walter: Martin Donougho (University of South Carolina).

43. Burke, Edmund: Patrick Gardiner (Magdalen College, Oxford).

C.

44. canon: Stein Haugom Olsen (University of Bergen).

45. catharsis: Stephen Halliwell (University of St. Andrews).

46. Cavell, Stanley: Timothy Gould (Metropolitan State College of Denver).

47. censorship: Bernard Williams (Corpus Christi College, Oxford).

48. Chinese aesthetics: Marthe Chandler (DePauw University).

49. cognitive science and art: William P. Seeley (Franklin & Marshall College).

50. cognitive value of art: Matthew Kieran (University of Leeds).

51. Collingwood, R.G.: Michael Krausz (Bryn Mawr College).

52. comedy: Noël Carroll (City University of New York Graduate Center).

53. conceptual art: Peter Goldie (University of Manchester).

54. conservation and restoration: David Carrier (Case Western Reserve University/ Cleveland Institute of Art).

55. creativity: Berys Gaut (University of St. Andrews).

56. critical monism and pluralism: Robert Kraut (Ohio State University- Columbus).

57. criticism: Michael Weston (University of Essex).

58. Croce, Benedetto: Douglas R. Anderson (Southern Illinois University- Carbondale).

59. cultural appropriation: James O. Young (University of Victoria).

D.

60. Danto, Arthur C.: David Novitz and Stephen Davies ( University of Canterbury- New Zealand; University of Auckland).

61. deconstruction: Stuart Sim (University of Sunderland).

62. definition of 'art': Kathleen Stock (University of Sussex).

63. Deleuze, Gilles: Nicholas Davey (University of Dundee).

64. depiction: Katerina Bantinaki (University of Crete).

65. Derrida, Jacques: Mary Bittner Wiseman (CUNY, Brooklyn College).

66. Dewey, John: Thomas M. Alexander (Southern Illinois University- Carbondale).

67. Dickie, George: Noël Carroll (City University of New York Graduate Center).

68. Dufrenne, Mikel: Wojciech Chojna and Irena Kocol.

E.

69. emotion: Malcolm Budd (University College of London, Emeritus).

70. erotic art and obscenity: Matthew Kieran (University of Leeds).

71. evolution, art, and aesthetics: Stephen Davies (Mcgill University).

72. expression: Derek Matravers (Open University).

73. expression theory: Derek Matravers (Open University).

F.

74. feminist aesthetics: Peg Zeglin Brand (Indiana University- Purdue University Indianapolis).

75. feminist criticism: Renée Lorraine and Peg Zeglin Brand (University of Tennessee- Chattanooga; Indiana University- Purdue University Indianapolis).

76. feminist standpoint aesthetics: A.W. Eaton (University of Illinois- Chicago).

77. fiction, nature of: Robert Stecker (Central Michigan University).

78. fiction, the paradox of responding to: Alex Neill (University of Southampton).

79. fiction, truth in: Paisley Livingston (Lingan University).

80. fictional entities: Diane Proudfoot (University of Canterbury, New Zealand).

81. forgery: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

82. formalism: Nick Zangwill (University of Durham).

83. Foucault, Michel: Robert Wicks (University of Auckland).

84. function of art: David Novitz (University of Canterbury- New Zealand).

G.

85. Gadamer, Hans-Georg: Robert Bernasconi (University of Memphis).

86. gardens: David E. Cooper (University of Durham).

87. genre: Andrew Harrison (University of Bristol).

88. Gombrich, Ernst: David E. Cooper (University of Durham).

89. Goodman, Nelson: Catherine Z. Elgin (Harvard Graduate School of Education).

H.

90. Hanslick, Eduard: Malcolm Budd (University College of London, Emeritus).

91. Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich: Gary Shapiro (University of Richmond).

92. Heidegger, Martin: Robert Bernasconi (University of Memphis).

93. hermeneutics: Joseph Margolis (Temple University).

94. horror: Amy Coplan (California Stae University- Fullerton).

95. Hume, David: Theodore Gracyk (Minnesota State University - Moorhead).

96. humor: John Lippitt (University of Hertfordshire).

97. Hutcheson, Francis: Peter Kivy (Rutgers University).

I.

98. iconoclasm and idolatry: David Freedberg (Columbia University).

99. illusion: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

100. imagination: Roger Scruton (Independent Scholar).

101. imaginative resistance: Tamar Szabó Gendler (Yale University).

102. implied Author - Peter Lamarque (University of York).

103. Indian aesthetics: Kalyan Sen Gupta (Jadavpur University).

104. ineffability: David E. Cooper (University of Durham).

105. Ingarden, Roman: Wojciech Chojna.

106. intention and interpretation: Colin Lyas and Robert Stecker (Independent Scholar; Central Michigan University)107. 'intentional fallacy': Colin Lyas and Robert Stecker (Independent Scholar; Central Michigan University).

108. interpretation: Joseph Margolis (Temple University).

109. interpretation, aims of: David Davies (Mcgill University).

110. irony: David E. Cooper (University of Durham).

111. Islamic aesthetics: Oliver Leaman (University of Kentucky).

J.

112. Japanese aesthetics: Yuriko Saito (Rhode Island School of Design).

K.

113. Kant, Immanuel: David Whewell (Independent Scholar).

114. Kierkegaard, Søren: Ann Loades (University of Durham).

115. kitsch: Kathleen Marie Higgins (University of Texas- Austin).

116. Kristeva, Julia: Laura Marcus (University of Edinburgh).

L.

117. Langer, Susanne: Thomas M. Alexander (Southern Illinois University- Carbondale).

118. Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim: Anthony Savile (King's College).

119. Lewis, C.I.: Paisley Livingston (Lingan University).

120. Lukács, Georg: Tom Rockmore (Duquesne University).

M.

121. Margolis, Joseph: Richard Shusterman (Florida Atlantic University).

122. Marxism and art: Tom Rockmore (Duquesne University).

123. mass art: Noël Carroll (City University of New York Graduate Center).

124. meaning constructivism: Robert Stecker (Central Michigan University).

125. Merleau-Ponty, Maurice: John J. Compton (Vanderbilt University, Emeritus).

126. metaphor: Samuel R. Levin (City University of New York).

127. modernism and postmodernism: Stuart Sim (University of Sunderland).

128. morality and art: Berys Gaut (University of St. Andrews).

129. museums: Paul Mattick (Adelphi University).

N.

130. narrative: Stein Haugom Olsen (University of Bergen).

131. Nietzsche, Friedrich (Wilhelm): Julian Young (University of Victoria).

132. notations: Stephen Davies (University of Auckland).

O.

133. objectivity and realism in aesthetics: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

134. ontological contextualism: Theodore Gracyk (Minnesota State University-Moorland).

135. ontology of artworks: Nicholas Wolterstorff (Yale University, Emeritus).

136. originality: George Bailey (East Carolina University).

P.

137. performance: Stephen Davies (University of Auckland).

138. performance art: David Davies (Mcgill University).

139. perspective: John Hyman (The Queen's College, Oxford).

140. picture perception: Katerina Bantinaki (University of Crete).

141. Plato: Stephen Halliwell (University of St. Andrews).

142. Plotinus: John Haldane (University of St. Andrews).

143. popular art: Richard Shusterman (Florida Atlantic University).

144. pornography: Bernard Williams (Corpus Christi College, Oxford).

145. pragmatist aesthetics: Richard Shusterman (Florida Atlantic University).

146. psychoanalysis and art: Kathleen Marie Higgins (University of Texas-Austin).

R.

147. race and aesthetics: Monique Roelofs (Hampshire College).

148. rasa: Kathleen Marie Higgins (University of Texas-Austin).

149. realism: John Hyman (The Queen's College, Oxford).

150. relativism: Nicholas Davey (University of Dundee).

151. religion and art: Robert Grant (University of Glasgow).

152. representation: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

153. Ruskin, John: Michael Wheeler (University of Southampton).

S.

154. Santayana, George: Morris Grossman (University of Fairfield, Emeritus).

155. Sartre, Jean-Paul: John J. Compton (Vanderbilt University, Emeritus).

156. Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von: Andrew Bowie (Royal Holloway, University of London).

157. Schiller, Friedrich von: Margaret Paton (Independent Scholar).

158. Schlegel, August Wilhelm von: Tom Rockmore (Duquesne University).

159. Schlegel, Friedrich von: Tom Rockmore (Duquesne University).

160. Schopenhauer, Arthur: Michael Tanner (Corpus Christi College, Cambridge).

161. science and art: Anthony O'Hear (University of Buckingham).

162. Scruton, Roger: Anthony O'Hear (University of Buckingham).

163. (the) senses and art: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

164. sentimentality: Deborah Knight (Queen's University, Ontario).

165. Shaftesbury, Lord: Dabney Townsend (Armstrong Atlantic State University).

166. Sibley, Frank Noel: Colin Lyas (Independent Scholar).

167. structuralism and poststructuralism: Stuart Sim (University of Sunderland).

168. style: Andrew Harrison (University of Bristol).

169. sublime: Mary Mothersill (Barnard College).

170. symbol: Charles Molesworth (Queen's College, City University of New York).

T.

171. taste: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

172. technology and art: John Andrew Fisher (University of Colorado- Boulder).

173. testimony in aesthetics: Robert Hopkins (University of Sheffield).

174. text: Richard Shusterman (Florida Atlantic University).

175. theories of art: Ronald W. Hepburn (University of Edinburgh, Emeritus).

176. Tolstoy, Leo: David Whewell (Independent Scholar).

177. tradition: Anthony O'Hear (University of Buckingham).

178. tragedy: Susan L. Feagin (Temple University).

179. truth in art: Eddy M. Zemach (Hebrew University).

U.

180. universals in art: Kathleen Marie Higgins (University of Texas-Austin).

W.

181. Wagner, Richard: Michael Tanner (Corpus Christi College, Cambridge).

182. Walton, Kendall L.: Alessandro Giovannelli (Lafayette College).

183. Wilde, Oscar: David E. Cooper (University of Durham).

184. Wittgenstein, Ludwig: Malcolm Budd (University College of London, Emeritus).

185. Wollheim, Richard: Malcolm Budd (University College of London, Emeritus)