The explosion of growth in our knowledge base and the emergence of novel treatment modalities have prompted this edition of Pediatric Clinics of North America. The selected topics are covered by experts in their fields with extensive clinical experience. These topics include imaging of the urinary tract, urinary incontinence, urinary tract infections, Vesicoureteral reflux disease, pre natally detected Hydronephrosis, medical and surgical evaluation of urolithiasis, hypertension, hematuria, anomalies of the external genitalia, urologic emergencies and adolescent concerns. Many children with congenital anomalies of the urinary tract will present to their pediatrician with common childhood illnesses. This edition provides the practitioner with sufficient knowledge base and a readily available reference source