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Everything's an Argument with Readingsby Andrea A. Lunsford
Synopses & ReviewsPublisher Comments:Designed to be a true alternative to traditional argument texts, Everything's an Argument takes a fresh and friendly approach to the subject by showing students that argument is everywhere. Everything's an Argument with Readings complements this approach with a uniquely broad range of examples — from essays to billboards to emails to radio programs — that help students recognize and respond to the arguments all around them. Andrea Lunsford and John Ruszkiewicz's instruction is fresh, elegant, and jargon-free, emphasizing inclusivity (moving beyond simple pro/con positions), humor, and visual argument to make Everything's an Argument immediately accessible. Students like this book because it helps them see and understand that a world of argument already surrounds them; instructors like it because it helps students construct their own arguments about that world. About the AuthorAndrea A. Lunsford is professor of English at Stanford University and also teaches at the Bread Loaf School of English. A past chair of the CCCC, she has won the major publication awards in both the CCCC and MLA. For Bedford/St. Martin's she is the author of The St. Martin's Handbook (2007); EasyWriter (2006); The Everyday Writer (2005); The Presence of Others (2004), with John Ruszkiewicz; and Everything's an Argument (2007), with John Ruszkiewicz. John J. Ruszkiewicz is professor of rhetoric and composition and director of the division of rhetoric and composition at the University of Texas at Austin. For Bedford/St. Martin's he is the author of The Presence of Others (2004), with Andrea Lunsford; and Everything's an Argument (2007), with Andrea Lunsford. Keith Walters is professor of linguistics, anthropology, and Middle Eastern studies at the University of Texas at Austin. Much of his research focuses on language and identity in North Africa, especially Tunisia, and the United States. He has also taught freshman composition and English as a second/foreign language. Table of ContentsPreface Part 1: Reading Arguments 1. Everything Is an Argument NOT JUST WORDS Purposes of Argument Arguments to Inform Arguments to Convince Arguments to Explore Arguments to Make Decisions Arguments to Meditate or Pray Occasions for Argument Arguments about the Past Arguments about the Future Arguments about the Present Kinds of Argument CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Arguments of Fact Did Something Happen? Arguments of Definition What Is the Nature of the Thing? Arguments of Evaluation What Is the Quality of the Thing? Proposal Arguments What Actions Should Be Taken? STASIS QUESTIONS AT WORK Audiences for Arguments Considering Contexts IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Appealing to Audiences Emotional Appeals Ethical Appeals Logical Appeals Arguments and Their Rhetorical Situations Respond 2. Arguments from the Heart Pathos Understanding How Emotional Arguments Work NOT JUST WORDS Using Emotions to Build Bridges IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Using Emotions to Sustain an Argument Using Humor Using Arguments from the Heart Respond 3. Arguments Based on Character Ethos NOT JUST WORDS Understanding How Arguments Based on Character Work Claiming Authority Establishing Credibility CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Coming Clean about Motives IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Respond 4. Arguments Based on Facts and Reason Logos NOT JUST WORDS Providing Hard Evidence Facts Statistics Surveys and Polls Testimonies, Narratives, and Interviews Using Reason and Common Sense Cultural Assumptions and Values Providing Logical Structures for Argument Degree Analogies Precedent IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Respond 5. Thinking Rhetorically Composing a Rhetorical Analysis Understanding the Purpose of an Argument Understanding Who Makes an Argument Identifying and Appealing to Audiences IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Examining Arguments from the Heart: Pathos Examining Arguments Based on Character: Ethos Examining Arguments Based on Facts and Reason: Logos Examining the Shape and Media of Arguments NOT JUST WORDS Looking at Style Examining a Rhetorical Analysis Derek Bok, Protecting Freedom of Expression at Harvard Milena Ateya, A Curse and a Blessing GUIDE TO WRITING A RHETORICAL ANALYSIS Respond Part 2: Writing Arguments 6. Structuring Arguments NOT JUST WORDS Toulmin Argument Making Claims CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Offering Evidence and Good Reasons Determining Warrants Offering Evidence: Backing Using Qualifiers Understanding Conditions of Rebuttal Outline of a Toulmin Argument A Toulmin Analysis IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Alan M. Dershowitz, Testing Speech Codes What Toulmin Teaches Beyond Toulmin CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Respond 7. Arguments of Fact Understanding Arguments of Fact NOT JUST WORDS Characterizing Factual Arguments Developing a Factual Argument Identifying an Issue IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Researching Your Hypothesis Refining Your Claim Deciding Which Evidence to Use Presenting Your Evidence Considering Design and Visuals Key Features of Factual Arguments GUIDE TO WRITING AN ARGUMENT OF FACT Respond Two Sample Factual Arguments Michael Osofsky, The Psychological Experience of Security Officers Who Work with Executions FactCheck.org, Abortion Distortions: Senators from Both Sides Make False Claims about Roe v. Wade 8. Arguments of Definition Understanding Arguments of Definition NOT JUST WORDS
Kinds of Definition Formal Definitions Operational Definitions Definitions by Example Other Issues of Definition Developing a Definitional Argument IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Formulating Claims Crafting Definitions Matching Claims to Definitions Considering Design and Visuals Key Features of Definitional Arguments GUIDE TO WRITING AN ARGUMENT OF DEFINITION Respond Two Sample Definitional Arguments Sayoh Mansaray, The Offbeat Allure of Cult Films Lynn Peril, Pink Think 9. Evaluations Understanding Evaluations Criteria of Evaluation Characterizing Evaluation Quantitative Evaluations NOT JUST WORDS Qualitative Evaluations Developing an Evaluative Argument Formulating Criteria Making Claims Presenting Evidence
Considering Design and Visuals IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Key Features of Evaluations GUIDE TO WRITING AN EVALUATION Respond Two Sample Evaluations
Nisey Williams, Why I Hate Britney Jon Pareles, The Case against Coldplay 10. Causal Arguments Understanding Causal Arguments Characterizing Causal Arguments NOT JUST WORDS Developing Causal Arguments Formulating a Claim Developing the Argument IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Considering Design and Visuals Key Features of Causal Arguments GUIDE TO WRITING A CAUSAL ARGUMENT Respond Two Sample Causal Arguments La Donna Beaty, What Makes a Serial Killer? Dana Gioia, Why Literature Matters 11. Proposals Understanding and Categorizing Proposals Characterizing Proposals Developing Proposals Defining a Need or Problem Making a Strong and Clear Claim
Showing That the Proposal Addresses the Need or Problem Showing That the Proposal Is Feasible IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Using Personal Experience Considering Design and Visuals NOT JUST WORDS Key Features of Proposals GUIDE TO WRITING A PROPOSAL Respond Two Sample Proposals Manasi Deshpande, A Call to Improve Campus Accessibility for the Mobility Impaired P. J. ORourke, Mass Transit Hysteria Part 3: Style and Presentation in Arguments 12. Style in Arguments Style and Word Choice NOT JUST WORDS Sentence Structure and Argument Punctuation and Argument Special Effects: Figurative Language and Argument Tropes CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Other Tropes Schemes IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Respond 13. Humor in Arguments Understanding Humor as Argument Characterizing Kinds of Humor NOT JUST WORDS Satire Parody IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Developing Humorous Arguments Respond 14. Visual Arguments The Power of Visual Arguments Shaping the Message NOT JUST WORDS Achieving Visual Literacy Analyzing Visual Elements of Arguments Using Visuals in Your Own Arguments Visual Arguments Based on Character Visual Arguments Based on Facts and Reason Visual Arguments That Appeal to Emotion IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Respond 15. Presenting Arguments Print Presentations NOT JUST WORDS Oral/Multimedia Presentations Oral Arguments and Discussion Formal Oral/Multimedia Presentations CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Arguments to Be Heard Arguments to Be Remembered The Role of Visuals in Oral/Multimedia Arguments Some Oral/Multimedia Presentation Strategies A Note about Webcasts--Live Presentations over the Web Web-Based Presentations Web Sites Blogs IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Respond Part 4: Conventions of Argument 16. What Counts as Evidence Evidence and the Rhetorical Situation Firsthand Evidence and Research Observations Interviews Surveys and Questionnaires Experiments Personal Experience NOT JUST WORDS Secondhand Evidence and Research Library Sources CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Online Sources Using Evidence Effectively Considering Audiences CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Building a Critical Mass IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Arranging Evidence Respond 17. Fallacies of Argument Flashpoints of Emotional Argument Scare Tactics Either-Or Choices NOT JUST WORDS Slippery Slope Sentimental Appeals Bandwagon Appeals Flashpoints of Ethical Argument Appeals to False Authority
Dogmatism Moral Equivalence Ad Hominem Arguments Flashpoints of Logical Argument Hasty Generalization Faulty Causality IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Begging the Question Equivocation Non Sequitur The Straw Man Faulty Analogy Respond 18. Intellectual Property, Academic Integrity, and Avoiding Plagiarism Crediting Sources in Arguments Citing Sources and Recognizing Plagiarism NOT JUST WORDS Inaccurate or Incomplete Citation of Sources Acknowledging Your Use of Sources Using Copyrighted Internet Sources CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Acknowledging Collaboration IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Respond 19. Evaluating and Using Sources Evaluating Sources Print Sources SOURCE MAP: EVALUATING ARTICLES IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . Electronic Sources SOURCE MAP: EVALUATING WEB SOURCES Field Research Using Sources Signal Words and Introductions NOT JUST WORDS Quotations CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT Paraphrases Summaries Visuals Respond 20. Documenting Sources IF EVERYTHINGS AN ARGUMENT . . . MLA Style In-Text Citations Explanatory and Bibliographic Notes List of Works Cited Sample First Page for an Essay in MLA Style Sample List of Works Cited for an Essay in MLA Style NOT JUST WORDS APA Style In-Text Citations Content Notes List of References Respond Part 5: Arguments 21. Whos the Fairest of Them All? P. Byrnes, It Begins [cartoon] Ellen Goodman, The Culture of Thin Bites Fiji [essay] Anne E. Becker, Abstract, Discussion, and Conclusion of Television, Disordered Eating, and Young Women in Fiji: Negotiating Body Image and Identity During Rapid Social Change [EXCERPT FROM Research Article] Jane Stern, Big, Review of Fat Girl: A True Story by Judith Moore [book review] W. Charisse Goodman, One Picture Is Worth a Thousand Diets [essay] New York Times, Reshaping America: Popular Cosmetic Procedures, By Sex [Graph] Rob Walker, Social Lubricant: How A Marketing Campaign Became the Catalyst for a Societal Debate [magazine article] Meghan Daum, Those Unnerving Ads Using "Real" Women [essay] Guy Trebay, When Did Skivvies Get Rated NC-17? [newspaper article] Making a Visual Argument: Three Views on Body Image [photograph + cartoon + poster] Toby Old, From Waterlog: The Beach Series Mikhaela Blake Reid, Your Yucky Body: A Repair Manual Jason Stirman, Crossroads Baptist Church, Reflections: Body Image Seminar
22. How Does the Media Stereotype You? Making a Visual Argument: Artists and Comics Take On Stereotyping [poster + web homepage + poster] Geo Vittoratos, Come as Your Favorite Stereotype Latino Comedy Project, Will Stereotype for Food New York Arab-American Comedy Festival, The Arabs Are Coming! Tania Ralli, Whos a Looter? In Storms Aftermath, Pictures Kick Up a Different Kind of Tempest [newspaper article] Chong-suk Han, Gay Asian-American Male Seeks Home [essay] David Carr, On Covers of Many Magazines, a Full Racial Palette Is Still Rare [newspaper article] Commercial Closet Association, Mainstream/Business-to-Business Advertising Best Practices [Web text] Anne-Marie OConnor, Not Only Natalee Is Missing: Is the Media Inattention to Missing Women Who Aren't White Due to Deliberate Racism or Unconscious Bias? [newspaper article] David Bositis, Skin-Deep: What Polls of Minorities Miss [newspaper article] William Sea, Advertising Sets Double Standard for the Male Gender [essay] The Onion, Graphic Artist Carefully Assigns Ethnicities to Anthropomorphic Recyclables [WEB TEXT] 23. Is Sports Just a Proxy for Politics? Juliet Macur, Rowing Scholarships Available. No Experience Necessary [newspaper article] Jessica Gavora, Times Up for Title IX Sports [essay] Ruth Conniff, Title IX: Political Football [essay] Leslie Heywood, Despite the Positive Rhetoric about Womens Sports, Female Athletes Face a Culture of Sexual Harassment [newspaper article] Barbara Munson, Common Themes and Questions about the Use of "Indian" Logos [manifesto] Jim Shore, Play with Our Name [newspaper editorial] Making a Visual Argument: Editorial Cartoonists Take On the Use of Native American Mascots and Imagery [3 cartoons] Lucy A. Ganje, Reality TV Lalo Alcaraz, But Im Honoring You, Dude! Thom Little Moon, Which One Is the Mascot? Thad Williamson, Bad as They Wanna Be: Loving the Game Is Harder as Colleges Sell Out Themselves, the Fans, the Athletes [essay] Tom Sorensen, Dress Code Suitable Only to NBA Suits [Newspaper article] Larry Stewart, Barkley Fully Supports NBAs New Dress Code [newspaper article] Bryan Curtis, Cheerleaders: What to Do about Them? [WEB TEXT] 24. Whats It Like to Be Bilingual in the United States? Tom Meyer, Just 180 Days to Learn Miwok [cartoon] Janny Scott, Foreign Born in the U.S. at Record High [newspaper article] Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation, 2002 National Survey of Latinos [survey summary] Rolando Briseño, Bicultural Tablesetting [painting] Myriam Marquez, Why and When We Speak Spanish in Public [Newspaper editorial] Sandra Cisneros, From Bien Pretty [SHORT STORY excerpt] Marjorie Agosín, Always Living in Spanish and English [essay + POEM] Lan Cao, The Gift of Language [BOOK excerpt] Andrea Lo, Finding Myself through Language [essay] Mary Pipher, Language and High School, from The Middle of Everywhere: Helping Refugees Enter the American Community [Book excerpt] National Institute of Mental Health, En la comunidad latina tenemos una cultura de silencio [poster] Samuel G. Freedman, It's Latino Parents Speaking Out on Bilingual Education Failures [Newspaper ARTIcle] Firoozeh Dumas, From Funny in Farsi: A Memoir of Growing Up Iranian in America [Book excerpt] 25. What Does Your Language Say about Your Identity? Chicago Womens Club, Pledge for Children [Pledge] Ariel Dorfman, If Only We All Spoke Two Languages [essay] Chang-rae Lee, Mute in an English-Only World [newspaper article] Amy Tan, Mother Tongue [essay] John Rickford, Suite for Ebony and Phonics [essay] David D. Troutt, Defining Who We Are in Society [essay] Making a Visual Argument: Public Service Campaigns Use Language to Send a Message [5 posters] National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, He Might Dump Me… National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, You Smoked Weed… National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, Labeled… National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, You Scan Me… National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, Filed under: Pothead… Steve Rushin, Hip Unchecked:In Sports and on TV, Sarcasm and Cynicism Are Drowning Out Sincerity and Compassion [magazine article] Deborah Tannen, From Youre Wearing That? [BOOK EXCERPT] Making a Visual Argument: Gendering What Our Readers Are SayingBe the first to add a comment for a chance to win!Product Details
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