Becoming Brothertown: Native American Ethnogenesis and Endurance in the Modern World (Archaeology of Colonialism in Native North America)

Histories of New England typically frame the regions Indigenous populations in terms of effects felt from European colonialism: the ravages of epidemics and warfare, the restrictions of reservation life, and the influences of European-introduced ideas, customs, and materials. Much less attention is given to how Algonquian peoples actively used and transformed European things, endured imposed hardships, and negotiated their own identities. In Becoming Brothertown, Craig N. Cipolla searches for a deeper understanding of Native American history.

    Covering the eighteenth century to the present, the book explores the emergence of the Brothertown Indians, a "new" community of Native peoples formed in direct response to colonialism and guided by the vision of Samson Occom, a Mohegan Indian and ordained Presbyterian minister. Breaking away from their home settlements of coastal New England during the late eighteenth century, members of various tribes migrated to Oneida Country in central New York State in hopes of escaping East Coast land politics and the corrupting influences of colonial culture. In the nineteenth century, the new community relocated once again, this time to present-day Wisconsin, where the Brothertown Indian Nation remains centered today.

    Cipolla combines historical archaeology, gravestone studies, and discourse analysis to tell the story of the Brothertown Indians. The book develops a pragmatic approach to the study of colonialism while adding an archaeological perspective on Brothertown history, filling a crucial gap in the regional archaeological literature.

Becoming Brothertown makes a significant contribution to North American Native-Colonial literature and will attract a large audience among historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists. Craig Cipolla draws upon material culture, architecture, and historical documents to emphasize issues of community, identity, and memory in the past, while exploring the pragmatic impact of collaborative Indigenous archaeology on the present.

Craig N. Cipolla is a lecturer in historical archaeology at the University of Leicester. He received funding for his work with the Brothertown Indian Nation from the National Science Foundation, the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, and the Penn Center for Native American Studies.