Mechanics of Fluid Flow

The mechanics of fluid flow, specifically gas, oil, and water, is a fundamental engineering discipline explaining various natural phenomena and human-induced processes. It is of utmost importance in aviation, shipbuilding, petroleum industries, thermodynamics, meteorology, and chemical engineering. This basic applied scientific discipline enables one to understand and describe mathematically the movement of fluids (gas, oil, water) in various media: channels, subsurface formations, pipelines, etc. To describe various phenomena and applications associated with fluid dynamics, the writers used the unified systematic approach based on the continuity and conservation laws of continuum mechanics.

There have been many books written on the basics of fluid flow or fluid mechanics, but this volume, written by some of the most well-respected engineers and scientists in the oil and gas industry, is the first of its kind to apply these fundamental concepts to problems encountered in the petroleum industry at this level of detail.

Mathematical description of specific applied problems and their solutions are presented in the book, as well as the concepts behind them, both traditional and newly conceived ideas that will be of use to scientists and students alike. This book can be used as a textbook by the university student, or as a handbook for the engineer or scientist in the field.

This groundbreaking new volume includes:

• More efficient oil & gas production for the petroleum engineer and petroleum geologist
• More accurate forecasting for the environmental engineer
• Real-world examples for the engineering student
• Valuable new information not available anywhere else

Nikolay M. Dmitriev, PhD, is a specialist in the area of fluid flow with many years of experience and publications under his belt. He is the head of the Department of International Education and Cooperation at the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.

George V. Chilingar, PhD, is an Emeritus Professor of Engineering at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles. He is one of the most well-known petroleum geologists in the world and the founder of several prestigious journals in the oil and gas industry. He has published over 70 books and 500 articles and has received over 100 awards over his career.

Part I. Fundamentals of the Mechanics of Continua 15

I. Basic Concepts of the Mechanics of Continua 15

II. Conservation Laws. Integral and Differential Equations of Continuous Medium 27

III. Continuous Medium Deformation Rate 45

IV. Liquids 57

V. Basics of the Dimensionality and Conformity Theory 73

Part II. Hydromechanics 91

VI. Hydrostatics 91

VII. Flow of Ideal Fluid 105

VIII. Parallel-Plane Flows of Ideal Incompressible Fluid 135

IX. Flow of Viscous Incompressible Fluid in Prismatic Tubes 153

X. Turbulent Flow of Fluids in Pipes 165

XI. Hydraulic Calculation for Pipelines 179

XII. Fluid’s Outflow from Orifices and Nozzles 191

XIII. Non-Stationary Flow of Viscous Fluid in Tubes 201

XIV. Laminar Boundary Layer 233

XV. Unidimensional Gas Flows 243

XVI. Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids 277

XVII. Two-Phase Flow in Pipes 299

Part III. Oil and Gas Subsurface Hydromechanics 317

XVIII. Main Definitions and Concepts of Fluid and Gas Flow, Darcy’s Law and Experiment 317

XIX. Mathematical Models of Uniphase Filtration 345

XX. Unidimensional Transient-Free Filtration of Incompressible Fluid and Gas in an Uniform Porous Medium 363

XXI. Unidemensional Filtration of Incompressible Liquid and Gas in a Nonuniform Reservoirs Under Darcy’s Law 395

XXII. Flat Transient-Free Filtration Flows 409

XXIII. Non-Stationary Flow of an Elastic Fluid in an Elastic Reservoir 427

XXIV. Non-Stationary Flow of Gas in a Porous Medium 469

XXV. Filtration of Non-Newtonian Liquid 489

XXVI. Liquid and Gas Flow in Fractured and Fractured-Porous Media 513

Appendix A 537

References 555

Subject Index 565