Astrophysics and Space Science Library #356: The Science of Solar System Ices

The Science of Solar System Ices The role of laboratory research and simulations in advancing our understanding of solar system ices (including satellites, KBOs, comets, and giant planets) is becoming increasingly important. Understanding ice surface radiation processing, particle and radiation penetration depths, surface and subsurface chemistry, morphology, phases, density, conductivity, etc., are only a few examples of the inventory of issues that are being addressed by Earth-based laboratory research. As a response to the growing need for cross-disciplinary dialog and communication in the planetary ices science community, this book aims to foster focused collaborations among the observational, modeling, and laboratory research communities. The book is a compilation of articles from experts in ices: experimentalists, modelers, and observers (ground-based telescopes and space missions). Most of the contributors featured in this book are renowned experts in their respective fields. Many of these scientists have also participated in the book entitled Solar Systems Ices (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998) in the Astrophysics and Space Science Library Series.

The role of laboratory research and simulations in advancing our understanding of solar system ices (including satellites, KBOs, comets, and giant planets) is becoming increasingly important. Understanding ice surface radiation processing, particle and radiation penetration depths, surface and subsurface chemistry, morphology, phases, density, conductivity, etc., are only a few examples of the inventory of issues that are being addressed by Earth-based laboratory research. As a response to the growing need for cross-disciplinary dialog and communication in the Planetary Ices science community, this book aims to achieve direct dialog and foster focused collaborations among the observational, modeling, and laboratory research communities.

Murthy Gudipati is a Principal Scientist in the Planetary Ice Group, Science Division, of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. Gudipati's research interests can be broadly defined as understanding the physics and chemistry of interstellar and Solar System ices through laboratory simulations, observations, and instrumentation or simply evolution of ices in the universe. The three wings of this space endeavor are physics and chemistry of ices with applications to biology, chemistry, atmosphere, and astrophysics; space instrumentation to analyze organic matter on planets such as Mars, Europa, Titan, and Enceladus; and observations and analysis of in-situ and remote data. Gudipati's research in the recent past has focused on physics and chemistry of cryogenic ices. This research builds on the over 15 years of earlier expertise on chemical physics / physical chemistry, spectroscopy, and photochemistry of atmospheric and organic molecules in cryogenic matrices. Julie Castillo-Rogez is a planetary scientist in the Planetary Ices Group, Science Division, of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California. Her main interest lies in material physics, applied to the modeling of icy satellite and asteroid geophysical evolution and the design and planning of future spaceborne and in situ observations of these objects. Castillo-Rogex is involved hands-on in the measurements of the mechanical properties of ice in JPL's Ice Physics Laboratory, which she co-founded. She is a consultant for the definition and design of frozen astromaterial simultants, simulation chambers, and instrument testbeds. Her technical publications for the past ten years cover a variety of topics ranging from the geophysics and dynamics of icy satellites to the astrobiology of asteroids and the development of strategies to explore these objects with small spacecrafts.

Foreword.- Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Part I - Optical Remote Sensing of Planetary Ices.- Chapter 1: Observed Ices in the Solar System.- Chapter 2: Photometric Properties of Solar System Ices.- Chapter 3: Ultraviolet Properties of Planetary Ices.- Chapter 4: The Ices on Transneptunain Objects and Centaurs.- Part II: Ice Physical Properties and Planetary Applications.- Chapter 5: First-Principles Calculations of Physical Properties of Planetary Ices.- Chapter 6: Frictional Sliding of Cold Ice: A Fundamental Process Underlying Tectonic Activity Within Icy Satellites.- Chapter 7: Planetary Ices Attenuation Properties.- Chapter 8: Deformation Behavior of Ice in Polar Ice Sheets.- Chapter 9: Cratering in Icy Bodies.- Chapter 10: Geology of Icy Bodies.- Part III - Volatiles in Ices.- Chapter 11: Amorphous and Crystalline H2O-Ice.- Chapter 12: Clathrate Hydrates: Implications for Exchange Processes in the Outer Solar System.- Chapter 13: Cometary Ices.- Chapter 14: Gas Trapping in Ice and Its Release Upon Warming.- Part IV: Surface Ice Chemistry.- Chapter 15: Chemistry in Ices - From Fundamentals to Planetary Applications.- Chapter 16: Radiation Effects in Water ice in the Outer Solar System.- Chapter 17: Sputtering of Ices.- Chapter 18: Photochemistry in Terrestrial Ices.- Index.