Synopses & Reviews
The Civil War and Reconstruction changed the face of social welfare provision in the South as thousands of people received public assistance for the first time in their lives. This book examines the history of southern social welfare institutions and policies in those formative years. Ten original essays explore the local nature of welfare and the limited role of the state prior to the New Deal. The contributors consider such factors as southern distinctiveness, the impact of gender on policy and practice, and ways in which welfare practices reinforced social hierarchies. By examining the role of the Souths unique political economy, the impact of racism on social institutions, and the regions experience of war, this book makes it clear that the Souths social welfare story is no mere carbon copy of the nations.
Review
"Before the New Deal is a welcome set of essays on a significant, yet truly neglected subject—the development of southern social welfare institutions and policy."--Donald G. Nieman, Bowling Green State University
Review
"Collectively, the accomplishments of Before the New Deal are considerable. There is a wide variety of talented historians represented, diverse viewpoints, and original research and interpretations. There is no single volume in existence that covers the full range of nooks and crannies involved in policy and welfare history in the South. This book fills that void. It represents a significant contribution to the literature on not simply the field of southern welfare history, but on the post-Civil War South, the history of reform, and the role of race and gender in the New South."--William A. Link, author of Paradox of Southern Progressivism, 1880-1930
Review
"This stimulating collection of ten essays by younger scholars deepens our understanding of the complex interplay of race, gender, and class in the southern past, and it makes a persuasive case for paying attention to regional variations in American social welfare history."--H-Childhood
Review
"A welcome addition to a literature that for too long has ignored the South, to the detriment of our understanding of American social welfare history."--Journal of American History
About the Author
Elna Green is Associate Dean of the College of Humanities and Arts at San Jose State University. She is the author of This Business of Relief and the editor of Before the New Deal and The New Deal and Beyond (all Georgia).
Table of Contents
Laissez faire and the lunatic asylum: state welfare institutions in Georgia, the first half-century, 1830s-1880s / Peter Wallenstein -- Confederate pensions as Southern social welfare / Kathleen Gorman -- Regulating the poor in Alabama: the Jefferson County poor farm, 1885-1945 / James H. Tuten -- We take care of our womenfolk: The Home for Needy Confederate Women in Richmond, Virginia, 1898-1990 / Susan Hamburger -- National trends, regional differences, local circumstances: social welfare in New Orleans, 1870s-1920s / Elna C. Green -- Are you or are you not your sister's keeper?: a radical response to the treatment of unwed mothers in Tennessee / Mazie Hough -- Anxious care and constant struggle: the Female Humane Association and Richmond's white Civil War orphans / E. Susan Barber -- I certainly hope that you will be able to train her: reformers and the Georgia Training School for Girls / Lee S. Polansky -- The colors of social welfare in the New South: Black and White clubwomen in South Carolina, 1900-1930 / Joan Marie Johnson -- Disease, disorder, and motherhood: working-class women, social welfare, and the process of urban development in Atlanta / Georgina Hickey.