Synopses & Reviews
istinguished by its superior allied health focus and integration of technology, Seager/Slabaugh's Chemistry for Today, Fourth Edition continues to lead the market on both fronts through numerous allied health-related applications, examples, boxes, and a new robust book-specific web site. The authors strive to dispel users' inherent fear of chemistry and to instill an appreciation for the role chemistry plays in our daily lives through a rich pedagogical structure and an accessible writing style that provides lucid explanations. In addition, Seager/Slabaugh's Chemistry for Today, Fourth Edition, provides greater support in both problem-solving and critical-thinking skills. By demonstrating how this information will be important to a reader's future career and providing important career information on associated web pages, Seager/Slabaugh not only helps readers to set goals but also to focus on achieving them. All in all, Seager/Slabaugh's pedagogical support, allied-health focus, and technology package is unmatched.Distinguished by its superior allied health focus and integration of technology, Seager/Slabaugh's Chemistry for Today, Fourth Edition continues to lead the market on both fronts through numerous allied health-related applications, examples, boxes, and a new robust book-specific web site. The authors strive to dispel users' inherent fear of chemistry and to instill an appreciation for the role chemistry plays in our daily lives through a rich pedagogical structure and an accessible writing style that provides lucid explanations. In addition, Seager/Slabaugh's Chemistry for Today, Fourth Edition, provides greater support in both problem-solving and critical-thinking skills. By demonstrating how this information will be important to a reader's future career and providing important career information on associated web pages, Seager/Slabaugh not only helps readers to set goals but
Review
"Readability and proper level of approach are the main strengths of the text. The extra features ('Chemistry Around Us' and 'Over the Counter') are fantastic. The graphics are excellent. The material is accurate and quite up-to-date."
Review
"Seager and Slabaugh is well written, student friendly, and well-organized."
Review
'\"The \'Chemistry Around Us\' and \'Over the Counter\' boxes were very informative and interesting and should help the student understand the importance of chapter topics.\"'
Review
"The 'Chemistry Around Us' and 'Over the Counter' boxes were very informative and interesting and should help the student understand the importance of chapter topics."
About the Author
Spencer L. Seager is Professor of Chemistry at Weber State University, where he served as chemistry department chairman from 1969 until 1993. He teaches general and physical chemistry at the university and is also active in projects to help improve chemistry and other science education in local elementary schools. He received his B.S. in chemistry and Ph.D. in physical chemistry from the University of Utah. Michael R. Slabaugh is Professor of Chemistry at Weber State University, where he teaches the year-long sequence of General, Organic, and Biochemistry. He received his B.S. in chemistry from Purdue and his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from Iowa State University. His interest in plant alkaloids led to a year of postdoctoral study in biochemistry at Texas A and M. His current professional interests are chemistry education and community involvement in science activities, particularly the State Science and Engineering Fair in Utah.
Table of Contents
Preface. 1. MATTER, MEASUREMENTS, AND CALCULATIONS. What Is Matter? Properties and Changes. A Model of Matter. Classifying Matter. Measurement Units. The Metric System. Large and Small Numbers. Significant Figures. Using Units in Calculations. Calculating Percentages. Density. For Future Reference: Symbols Used to Write Prescriptions. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 2. ATOMS AND MOLECULES. Symbols and Formulas. Inside the Atom. Isotopes. Relative Masses of Atoms and Molecules. Isotopes and Atomic Weight. Avogadros Number: The Mole. The Mole and Chemical Formulas. For Future Reference: Good Dietary Sources of Calcium. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 3. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND THE PERIODIC LAW. The Periodic Law and Table. Electronic Arrangements in Atoms. The Shell Model and Chemical Properties. Electron Configurations. Another Look at the Periodic Table. Property Trends within the Periodic Table. For Future Reference: Good Dietary Sources of Zinc. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 4. FORCES BETWEEN PARTICLES. Noble Gas Configurations. Ionic Bonding. Ionic Compounds. Naming Binary Ionic Compounds. The Smallest Unit of Ionic Compounds. Covalent Bonding. Polyatomic Ions. Shapes of Molecules and Polyatomic Ions. Polarity of Covalent Molecules. More About Naming Compounds. Other Interparticle Forces. For Future Reference: Potassium-Rich Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 5. CHEMICAL REACTIONS. Chemical Equations. Types of Reactions. Redox Reactions. Decomposition Reactions. Combination Reactions. Replacement Reactions. Ionic Equations. Energy and Reactions. The Mole and Chemical Equations. The Limiting Reactant. Reaction Yields. For Future Reference: Medicines That Can Cause Fever. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 6. THE STATES OF MATTER. Observed Properties of Matter. The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter. The Solid State. The Liquid State. The Gaseous State. The Gas Laws. Pressure, Temperature, and Volume Relationships. The Ideal Gas Law. Daltons Law. Grahams Law. Changes in State. Evaporation and Vapor Pressure. Boiling and the Boiling Point. Sublimation and Melting. Energy and the States of Matter. For Future Reference: Drugs That May Trigger an Asthma Attack. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 7. SOLUTIONS AND COLLOIDS. Physical States of Solutions. Solubility. The Solution Process. Solution Concentrations. Solution Preparation. Solution Stoichiometry. Solution Properties. Colloids. Colloid Formation and Destruction. Dialysis. For Future Reference: Drug Concentrations in Blood. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 8. REACTION RATES AND EQUILIBRIUM. Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes. Reaction Rates. Molecular Collisions. Energy Diagrams. Factors that Influence Reaction Rates. Chemical Equilibrium. The Position of Equilibrium. Factors that Influence Equilibrium Position. For Future Reference: Drugs Interactions with Alcohol. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 9. ACIDS, BASES, AND SALTS. The Arrhenius Theory. The Brønsted Theory. Naming Acids. The Self-Ionization of Water. The pH Concept. Properties of Acids. Properties of Bases. Salts. The Strengths of Acids and Bases. Analyzing Acids and Bases. Titration Calculations. Hydrolysis Reactions of Salts. Buffers. For Future Reference: Phosphorus-Rich Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 10. RADIOACTIVITY AND NUCLEAR PROCESSES. The Radioactive Nuclei. Equations for Nuclear Reactions. Isotope Half-Life. The Health Effects of Radiation. Measurement Units for Radiation. Medical Uses of Radioisotopes. Nonmedical Uses of Radioisotopes. Induced Nuclear Reactions. Nuclear Energy. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Equations. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 11. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: ALKANES. Carbon: The Element of Organic Compounds. Organic and Inorganic Compounds Compared. Bonding Characteristics and Isomerism. Functional Groups: The Organization of Organic Chemistry. Alkane Structures. Conformations of Alkanes. Alkane Nomenclature. Cycloalkanes. The Shape of Cycloalkanes. Physical Properties of Alkanes. Alkane Reactions. For Future Reference: Medicine Removed from the Market. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 12. UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS. The Nomenclature of Alkenes. The Geometry of Alkenes. Properties of Alkenes. Addition Polymers. Alkynes. Aromatic Compounds and the Benzene Structure. The Nomenclature of Benzene Derivatives. Properties and Uses of Aromatic Compounds. For Future Reference: Drugs That May Cause Photosensitivity from Sun Exposure. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 13. ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS, AND ETHERS. Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols. Classification of Alcohols. Physical Properties of Alcohols. Reactions of Alcohols. Important Alcohols. Characteristics and Uses of Phenols. Ethers. Properties of Ethers. Thiols. Polyfunctional Compounds. For Future Reference: Food Sources of Vitamin E. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 14. ALDEHYDES AND KETONES. The Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones. Physical Properties. Chemical Properties. Important Aldehydes and Ketones. For Future Reference: Food Sources of Vitamin A. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 15. CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ESTERS. The Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids. Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids. The Acidity of Carboxylic Acids. Salts of Carboxylic Acids. Carboxylic Esters. The Nomenclature of Esters. Reactions of Esters. Esters of Inorganic Acids. For Future Reference: Foods Rich in Vitamin C. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 16. AMINES AND ACIDS. Classification of Amines. The Nomenclature of Amines. Physical Properties of Amines. Chemical Properties of Amines. Amines As Neurotransmitters. Other Biologically Important Amines. The Nomenclature of Amides. Physical Properties of Amides. Chemical Properties of Amides. For Future Reference: Vitamin B6. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 17. CARBOHYDRATES. Classes of Carbohydrates. Stereochemistry of Carbohydrates. Fischer Projections. Monosaccharides. Properties of Monosaccharides. Important Monosaccharides. Disaccharides. Polysaccharides. For Future Reference: Thiamin in Selected Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 18. LIPIDS. Classification of Lipids. Fatty Acids. The Structure of Fats and Oils. Chemical Properties of Fats and Oils. Waxes. Phosphoglycerides. Sphingolipids. Biological Membranes. Steroids. Steroid Hormones. Prostaglandins. For Future Reference: Cholesterol Content of Selected Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 19. PROTEINS. The Amino Acids. Zwitterions. Reactions of Amino Acids. Important Peptides. Characteristics of Proteins. The Primary Structure of Proteins. The Secondary Structure of Proteins. The Tertiary Structure of Proteins. The Quaternary Structure of Proteins. Protein Hydrolysis and Denaturation. For Future Reference: Iron Content of Selected Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 20. ENZYMES. General Characteristics of Enzymes. Enzyme Nomenclature and Classification. Enzyme Cofactors. The Mechanism of Enzyme Action. Enzyme Activity. Mechanism of Enzyme Action. Enzyme Activity. Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity. Enzyme Inhibition. The Regulation of Enzyme Activity. Medical Applications of Enzymes. For Future Reference: Magnesium Content of Selected Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 21. NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. Components of Nucleic Acids. The Structure of DNA. DNA Replication. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA). The Flow of Genetic Information. Transcription: RNA Synthesis. The Genetic Code. Translation and Protein Synthesis. Mutations. Recombinant DNA. For Future Reference: Drugs that May Adversely Affect the Fetus and Newborn Infant. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 22. NUTRITION AND ENERGY FOR LIFE. Nutritional Requirements. The Macronutrients. Micronutrients I: Vitamins. Micronutrients II: Minerals. The Flow of Energy in the Biosphere. Metabolism and an Overview of Energy Production. ATP: The Primary Energy Carrier. Important Coenzymes in the Common Catabolic Pathway. For Future Reference: Food Label Terms. 23. CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM. The Digestion of Carbohydrates. Blood Glucose. Glycolysis. The Fates of Pyruvate. The Citric Acid Cycle. The Electron Transport Chain. Oxidative Phosphorolation. Complete Oxidation of Glucose. Glycogen Metabolism. Gluconeogenesis. The Hormonal Control of Carbohydrate Metabolism. For Future Reference: Niacin-Rich Foods. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 24. LIPID AND AMINO ACID METABOLISM. Blood Lipids. Fat Mobilization. Glycerol Metabolism. The Oxidation of Fatty Acids. The Energy from Fatty Acids. Ketone Bodies. Fatty Acid Synthesis. Amino Acid Metabolism. Amino Acid Catabolism: The Fate of the Nitrogen Atoms. Amino Acid Catabolism: The Fate of the Carbon Skeleton. Amino Acid Biosynthesis. For Future Reference: Dietary Sources of Riboflavin. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. 25. BODY FLUIDS. Comparison of Body Fluids. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport. Chemical Transport to the Cells. The Constituents of Urine. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance. Acid-Base Balance. Buffer Control of Blood pH. Respiratory Control of Blood pH. Urinary Control of Blood pH. Acidosis and Alkatosis. For Future Reference: Drugs that May Affect the Heart. Concept Summary. Learning Objectives. Key Terms and Concepts. Key Reactions. Exercises. Points to Ponder and Pursue. Appendix A: The International System Of Measurements. Appendix B: Answers to Even-Numbered End-Of-Chapter Exercises. Appendix C: Solutions to Learning Checks. Glossary. Index.