Synopses & Reviews
Refusing to take part in war is as old as war itself. This wide-ranging and original book brings together four different bodies of knowledge and practice: historical and philosophical analyses of conscientious objection; feminist, LGBT and queer analyses of conscientious objection as a critique of patriarchy, sexism, and heterosexism; activist and academic analyses of conscientious objection as a social movement and individual act of resistance; legal analyses of the status of conscientious objection in international and national law.
Conscientious objection is an increasingly important subject of academic and political debate in countries including the US, Israel and Turkey. This book provides a much needed tool for making sense of the history of nation-states in the 20th century and understanding the political developments of the early 21st century.
About the Author
Özgür Heval Çinar is a lawyer. Currently he is a Ph.D. candidate in the Law Department at the University of Essex.
Coskun Üsterci is currently a member of the Human Rights Association, and has been working since 1992 at the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey. He is a board member of this foundation.
Table of Contents
Preface--Cynthia Cockburn * Introduction--Coskun Üsterci and Özgür Heval Çinar * Part 1: Compulsory Conscription and Resisting Conscription in a Militarizating Society * Militarization of Society: The Role of the Compulsory Conscription System and National Armies in the Process of Citizen Creation--Suavi Aydin * Patriotism and the Justification of Inequality as an Instrument for the Construction of Militarism--Melek Goregenli * Refusing to Serve by Other Means: Desertion in the Late Ottoman Empire--Erik-Jan Zürcher * Sand in the Wheels: Conscientious Objection at the Turn of the 21st Century--Ulrich Bröckling * Conscientious Objection, Civil Disobedience and Anti-militarism: On the Morals and Politics of Disobedience--Nilgün Kiliç Toker * The Philosophical Grounds of Conscientious Objection-- Taha Parla * Part 2. Conscientious Objection as a Critique of Patriarchy, Sexism and Heterosexism * Where are the Women in Military Conscientious Objection? Some Feminist Clues--Cynthia Enloe * Kezbans Who Refuse to Take Identity: To What Do Women Objectors Object?--Ayse Gül Altinay * Conscientious Objection and Masculine Violence--Serpil Sancar * Rotten Report and Reconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in Turkey--Alp Biricik * Part 3. Global Conscientious Objection: Experiences and Problems * Experiences of Conscientious Objection Movements: South Africa, Paraguay, Greece--Andreas Speck and Rudi Friedrich * Caste Armies: Military Conscription, Conscientious Objection, and Democratic Citizenship in America--Matthew C. Gutmann) * Conscientious Objection in Chile--Pelao Carvallo * Conscientious Objection in Spain: Disobedience--Cthuchi Zamarra * Conscientious Objection in Israel--Tali Lerner * Refusing to Serve in the Army for Reasons of Conscience in Greece--Alexia Tsouni and Michalis Maragakis * Conscientious Objection in Turkey--Ugur Yorulmaz and Coskun Üterci * Part 4. Conscientious Objection and Law * International Law * A View on International Implementation of the Right to Conscientious Objection--Özgür Heval Çinar * International Standards on Conscientious Objection to Military Service and Alternative Service--Rachel Brett * European Standards on Conscientious Objection and Alternative Service--Friedhelm Schneider * Conscientious Objection in International Law and the Osman Murat Ülke Case--Kevin Boyle * The Case of Turkey * Conscientious Objection and the Turkish Constitution--Osman Can * The Criminality of Conscientious Objection in Turkey and Its Consequences--Hülya Üçpinar * Appendices * European Court of Human Rights Decision: Osman Murat Ulke v Turkey* UN Human Rights Committees Decision: Yeo-Bum Yoon and Myung-Jin Choi v South Korea * The Recommendations of the Council of Europe (No. R 87/8 and 1518/ 2001)