Synopses & Reviews
The Complete Do-It-Yourself Kit for Creating Powerful, Interactive Presentations Master presenter Gene Zelazny has shown thousands of professionals around the world how to design and deliver successful presentations. Now, he combines his bestselling Say It With Charts with his Say It With Charts Workbook into one comprehensive volume-complete with an all-new CD that lets you download and implement Zelazny's potent PowerPoint charts, graphs, and visuals!
This first-of-its-kind Toolkit reveals time-tested tips for putting your message in visual form and translating data into eye-catching, persuasive charts and multimedia presentations. Zelazny offers step-by-step advice on selecting and preparing the right charts, emphasizing key points, and encouraging your audience become active participants. He also shows you how to use today's digital technologies to create easy-to-follow, attention-grabbing visuals. Nowhere else will you find such comprehensive, authoritative information on:
- The different types of charts for any presentation
- Audience-tested techniques for communicating information
- Hands-on recommendations for lettering size, color, appropriate chart types, and more
- Techniques for dramatic eVisuals using animation, scanned images, sound video, and links to pertinent websites
- Tactics for customizing graphics to specific audiences
About the Author
Gene Zelazny is the Director of Visual Communications for McKinsey & company, where he works with the professional consulting staff to create, design, and rehearse presentations. Zelazny frequently shares his ideas at many of the world's major business schools, including Chicago, Columbia, Harvard, Kellog, INSEAD, London Business School, Oxford, Sloan, Stanford, Tuck, and Wharton. His bestselling Say it with Charts has been translated into French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese.
Table of Contents
Part 1 Strategies for Reading and Writing
Chapter 1 The Connection between Reading and WritingReading AnalyticallyStep One: Preview the MaterialStep Two: Read ThoughtfullyDetermine the Author’s ThesisConsider the Intended Audience and PurposeDistinguish between Facts and OpinionsMake InferencesMake ConnectionsAssess the Quality of MaterialDraw ConclusionsMark the TextStep Three: Review and Write for RetentionA Sample Marked TextJohn Holt “School Is Bad for Children”Writing in Response to ReadingWriting a SummaryHoward Rohan “What John Holt Finds Wrong with Schools”Sharing Personal Reactions and AssociationsSusan Schantz “School Was Bad for Me”Evaluating an Author’s IdeasEssays for Reading and ResponseAmy Tan “Democracy”Bill McKibben “The Environmental Issue from Hell”Analyzing Visual ContentAnalyzing AdvertisementsAnalyzing PhotographsAnalyzing Charts and Graphs
Chapter 2 Getting Started
The Writing ProcessSix Areas of the Writing ProcessChoosing a Writing TopicPay Attention to the World around YouFreewriteFill in the BlanksNarrow a Broad TopicFreewriteWrite a ListConsider the Patterns of DevelopmentMap Your Broad TopicAnthony’s Essay in Progress: Discovering a Writing TopicEstablishing Your PurposeIdentifying and Assessing Your AudienceAnthony’s Essay in Progress: Establishing Purpose and Identifying and Assessing AudienceDiscovering Ideas to Develop Your TopicFreewriteWrite a ListAnswer QuestionsWrite a MapWrite a LetterInvestigate SourcesKeep a JournalWorking Collaboratively: Discovering IdeasPrewriting at the ComputerProcess Guidelines: Breaking Through Writer’s BlockDeveloping a Preliminary ThesisThe Qualities of an Effective ThesisProcess Guidelines: How to Draft Your Preliminary ThesisProcess Guidelines: The Sequence of Your Writing ProcessAnthony’s Essay in Progress: Discovering Ideas and Developing a Preliminary ThesisWriting Assignment
Chapter 3 Organizing and Drafting
Process Guidelines: Evaluating Your IdeasOrdering Your IdeasChronological OrderSpatial OrderProgressive OrderOutliningThe Formal OutlineOutline CardsThe Outline WorksheetThe Outline TreeThe Scratch OutlineProcess Guidelines: OutliningAnthony’s Essay in Progress: OutliningWriting Your First DraftStructuring Your EssayAaron Palumbo “Portrait of an Achiever”The IntroductionProcess Guidelines: Drafting IntroductionsBody ParagraphsPlacement of the Topic SentenceThe Implied Topic SentenceQualities of an Effective Topic SentenceEffective Supporting DetailsWhen to Begin a New ParagraphProcess Guidelines: Drafting Body ParagraphsThe ConclusionDrafting the Title of Your EssayDrafting at the ComputerAnthony’s Essay in Progress: The First DraftWriting Assignment
Chapter 4 Revising for Content and Organization
Process Guidelines: Preparing to ReviseThink like a Critic; Work like an Editor: Revising ContentThink like a Critic; Work like an Editor: Revising OrganizationAchieving CoherenceUse Transitions to Achieve CoherenceUse Repetition to Achieve CoherenceUse Transitions and Repetition to Achieve Coherence between ParagraphsWorking Collaboratively: Revising with Reader ResponseProcess Guidelines: Revising with Reader ResponseProcess Guidelines: Breaking through Writer’s BlockRevising at the ComputerAnthony’s Essay in Progress: Revising the First Draft
Chapter 5 Revising for Effective Expression
Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: Revising Sentences Use Active VoiceUse Coordination Use SubordinationAchieve Sentence VarietyUse Parallel StructureThink like a Critic; Work like an Editor: Revising DictionUse an Appropriate Level of DictionUse Words with an Appropriate ConnotationAvoid Colloquial LanguageUse Specific DictionUse Simple DictionUse Gender-Neutral, Inoffensive LanguageEliminate WordinessAvoid ClichésProcess Guidelines: Revising Sentences and WordsComputer Tips for Revising Sentences and WordsAnthony’s Essay in Progress: The Final Draft
Part 2 Patterns of Development
Chapter 6 Description
Why Is Description Important?Occasions for Writing: Description across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Description with Other PatternsSelecting DetailFocus Your Description with a Dominant ImpressionDetermine Your Need for Objective and Subjective DescriptionUse Concrete Sensory DetailUse Similes, Metaphors, and PersonificationConsider Your Purpose and AudienceBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing DescriptionVisualizing a Descriptive EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysAdell Lindsey “A Day at the Fair”Jerry Silberman “My First Flight”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysJames Tuite “The Sounds of the City”Lynn Sherr “Anguished Cries in a Place of Silence”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentSuzanne Berne “Where Nothing Says Everything”Organization Note: Short ParagraphsDescription in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Description
Chapter 7 Narration
Why Is Narration Important?Occasions for Writing: Narration across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Narration with Other PatternsSelecting DetailAnswer the Journalist’s QuestionsWrite DialogueDescribe a Person, Place, or SceneTell Your Story for a ReasonConsider Your Purpose and AudienceBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing NarrationVisualizing a Narrative EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysDonald J. Monaco “The Ball Game”Brian DeWolf “The Great Buffalo Hunt”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysPaul Hemphill “The Girl in Gift Wrap”Maya Angelou “The Boys”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentAnwar Accawi “The Telephone”Punctuation Note: ParenthesesNarration in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Narration
Chapter 8 Exemplification
Why Is Exemplification Important?Occasions for Writing: Exemplification across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Exemplification with Other PatternsSelecting DetailConsider Examples from a Variety of SourcesUse Description and Narration as ExamplesUse Hypothetical ExamplesUse the Right Number of ExamplesConsider Your Purpose and AudienceBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing ExemplificationVisualizing an Exemplification EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysDelilah Rawlins “Ocean of Tears”Ken Hamner “Let’s Just Ban Everything”Student Essay with ResearchThomas Baird “Media Stereotyping of Muslims as Terrorists”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysHarold Krents “Darkness at Noon”Dawn Turner Trice “Shoddy Service”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentHarvey A. Silverglate and Greg Lukianoff “Speech Codes: Alive and Well at Colleges” Style Note: SarcasmExemplification in anl ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Exemplification
Chapter 9 Process Analysis
Why Is Process Analysis Important?Occasions for Writing: Process Analysis across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Process Analysis with Other PatternsSelecting DetailInclude All the Important Steps Explain How a Step is PerformedExplain the Significance of a Step or Why It Is PerformedExplain Trouble Spots and What Not to DoMention Necessary Items and Define Unfamiliar TermsInclude Examples and DescriptionUse VisualsConsider Your Purpose and AudienceBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing a Process AnalysisVisualizing a Process Analysis EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student Essays“A Visit to Candyland”Anthony Bello “Feng Shui in the Bedroom and Workplace”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysKirby W. Stanat “How to Take a Job Interview”Ben McGrath “Wicked Wind”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentEric L. Wee “Annie Smith Swept Here”Style Note: Point of ViewProcess Analysis in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Process Analysis
Chapter 10 Comparison-Contrast
Why Is Comparison-Contrast Important?Occasions for Writing: Comparison-Contrast across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Comparison-Contrast with Other PatternsSelecting DetailInclude Enough Points of Comparison and ContrastDraw on Other Patterns to Explain Points of Comparison and ContrastMaintain Balance between the Points DiscussedConsider Your Audience and PurposeBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing Comparison-ContrastVisualizing a Comparison-Contrast EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysGus Spirtos “The Human and the Superhuman: Two Very Different Heroes”Maria Scarsella “Like Mother like Daughter”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysRachel Carson “A Fable for Tomorrow”Suzanne Britt “That Lean and Hungry Look”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentJames Poniewozik “This Is Your Nation on Steroids”Development Note: DialogueComparison-Contrast in anImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Comparison-Contrast
Chapter 11 Cause-and-Effect Analysis
Why Is Cause-and-Effect Analysis Important?Occasions for Writing: Cause-and-Effect Analysis across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Cause-and-Effect Analysis with Other PatternsSelecting DetailReport Multiple Causes and Effects Identify Underlying Causes and EffectsProve That Something Is a Cause or EffectIdentify Immediate and Remote CausesReproduce Causal ChainsExplain Why Something Is or Is Not a Cause or an EffectConsider Your Audience and PurposeBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing Cause-and-Effect AnalysisVisualizing Cause-and-Effect AnalysisLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysCammie Bullock “Mom, There’s a Coyote in the Backyard!”John Selzer “Athletes on Drugs: It’s Not So Hard to Understand”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysAnne Roiphe “Why Marriages Fail”Suzanne Sievert “It’s Not Just How We Play That Matters”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentJay Walljasper “Our Schedules, Ourselves”Diction Note: Specific DictionCause-and-Effect Analysis in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Cause-and-Effect Analysis
Chapter 12 Definition
Why Is Definition Important?Occasions for Writing: Definition across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Definition with Other PatternsSelecting DetailWrite a Stipulative DefinitionDraw on Other Patterns of DevelopmentCompare or Contrast the Term with Related WordsExplain What Your Term Is NotConsider Your Audience and PurposeBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing DefinitionVisualizing a Definition EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysMaria Lopez “Parenthood: Don’t Count on Sleeping until They Move Out”Melissa Greco “What Is Writer’s Block”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysNicholas Thompson “Hero Inflation”Margo Kaufman “My Way!”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentDave Barry “The Pajama Game”Development Note: QuestionsDefinition in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines for Writing Definition
Chapter 13 Classification and Division
Why Are Classification and Division Important?Occasions for Writing: Definition across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Classification and Division with Other PatternsSelecting DetailHave a Principle of Classification or DivisionBe Sure All Categories or Components Conform to Your Principle of Classification or DivisionUse Mutually Exclusive CategoriesExplain Each Category or ComponentConsider Your Audience and PurposeBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing Classification and DivisionVisualizing Classification and DivisionLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysAnita Selfe “Grocery Shoppers”Ray Harkleroad “Horror Movies”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysRussell Baker “The Plot Against People”Judith Viorst “The Truth about Lying”Kesaya E. Noda “Growing Up Asian in America”Combining Patterns of DevelopmentMartin Luther King, Jr. “The Ways of Meeting Oppression”Punctuation Note: The DashDivision in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Classification and Division
Chapter 14 Combining Patterns of Development
Why Is Combining Patterns Important?Occasions for Writing: Combining Patterns across the Disciplines and BeyondCombining Classification and Division with Other PatternsSelecting and Organizing DetailLearning from Another Writer: A Student EssayCindy Apostolos “The Many Ways to Watch a Show”Learning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysJulia Alvarez “Hold the Mayonnaise”Angie Cannon and Vince Beiser “Juvenile Injustice”Peg Tyre “Boy Brains, Girl Brains”Development Note: Quoting AuthoritiesCombining Patterns in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Combining Patterns
Part Three Using the Patterns of Development
Chapter 15 Argumentation
Why Is Argumentation Important?Occasions for Writing: Argumentation across the Disciplines and BeyondFinding an Issue and Establishing Your ClaimConsider Your Audience and PurposeKinds of SupportLogical Appeals Sources of Reasons and EvidenceInductive and Deductive ReasoningAvoiding Logical FallaciesEmotional AppealsEthical AppealsRaising and Countering ObjectionsCreating GoodwillUsing the Patterns of DevelopmentBe a Responsible WriterOrganizing an Argument EssayVisualizing an Argument EssayLearning from Other Writers: Student EssaysMichael Weiss “It’s Just Too Easy”Cheryl Sateri “What’s for Lunch? Fast Food in the Public Schools"Student Essay with ResearchMary E. Fischer “Should Obscene Art Be Funded by the Government?”Think like a Critic; Work like an Editor: The Student Writer at WorkLearning from Other Writers: Professional EssaysWayne M. Joseph “Why I Dread Black History Month”John McCain “Torture’s Terrible Toll”Alan M. Dershowitz “The Case for Torture Warrants”Style Note: EmphasisArgumentation in an ImageSuggestions for WritingProcess Guidelines: Writing Argumentation
Chapter 16 Conducting Research [TENTATIVE CONTENTS]
When to ResearchThe Research ProcessChoose a Broad Research Paper TopicNarrow Your TopicUnderstand Your PurposeUnderstand the Terms of the AssignmentUse Strategies for Narrowing a TopicSkim Source MaterialsDraft a Preliminary ThesisLocate SourcesConsider the Kind of Information You NeedUse the Catalog to Locate BooksUse Reference WorksUse Indexes to Locate Periodical MaterialSearch the InternetDo Field ResearchCompile a Working BibliographyEvaluate Your SourcesTake NotesReconsider Your Preliminary Thesis
Chapter 17 Writing with Sources [TENTATIVE CONTENTS]
OutlineWrite Your First DraftDocument Source MaterialWhat to DocumentHow To Document Source MaterialIntroducing Source MaterialWriting Parenthetical Text CitationsWriting the Works Cited Page*Using APA DocumentationHow to Avoid PlagiarismLearning from Other Writers: A Student Research PaperJulie Cooper “Genetically Modified Food: Watching What We Eat”
Chapter 18 Assessment: Assembling a Writing Portfolio and Writing Essay Examination Answers
The Writing PortfolioThe Purposes of a Writing PortfolioHow To Assemble Your PortfolioWhat to Include in a Self-Reflection EssayEssay Examination AnswersProcess Guidelines: Writing Essay Examination AnswersStrategies for Reducing AnxietyA Sample Essay Examination Answer
Chapter 19 Writing about Literature
How to Read LiteratureHow to Write about LiteratureLearning from Other Writers: A Student Essay with ResearchMichael Hambuchen “Symbol and Theme in ‘Coca Cola and Coca Frio’ “A Short Story and Poem for ResponseSaki (H.H. Munro) “The Open Window”John Heaviside “A Gathering of Deafs”
Part Four A Guide to Frequently Occurring Errors
Chapter 20 Word Choice
Troublesome Phrasings Phrasings That Announce Your IntentUnnecessary or Faulty ModifiersFaulty SynonymsEtc.Faulty Grammar and UsageESL Note: IdiomsDouble Negatives (dn)Frequently Confused Words
Chapter 21 Sentence Fragments
Finding Sentence FragmentsCorrecting Sentence FragmentsESL Note: The Past Participe and Passive Voice
Chapter 22 Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices
Finding Run-on Sentences and Comma SplicesCorrecting Run-on Sentences and Comma SplicesESL Note: Commas and Main Clauses
Chapter 23 Verbs
Verb Forms: Regular and Irregular VerbsESL Note: Incorrect Use of –D and –ED EndingsESL Note: Use of Am with the Present ParticipleIrregular Verb FormsVerb Forms: BeESL Note: Use of Has and Have with Been-S and –ES Forms-D and ED FormsSubject-Verb Agreement Compound Subjects Subject and Verb SeparatedInverted OrderIndefinite PronounsCollective NounsRelative PronounsESL Note: Singular Verbs and Noncount NounsTense ShiftsVoice Shifts
Chapter 24 Pronouns
Pronoun-Antecedent AgreementCompound SubjectsCollective NounsIndefinite PronounsGender-Neutral PronounsPronoun ReferenceAmbiguous ReferenceUnstated ReferencePerson ShiftsReflexive and Intensive PronounsPronoun CasePronouns in CompoundsPronouns after Forms of To BePronouns in ComparisonsPronouns Followed by NounsWho, Whoever, Whom, and WhomeverESL Note: Pronoun Reference and Who, Whom, Which, or That
Chapter 25 Modifiers
Adjectives and AdverbsComparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives and AdverbsESL Note: A, An, and TheDangling ModifiersMisplaced Modifiers
Chapter 26 Punctuation
The CommaCommas with Items in a SeriesCommas with Introductory ElementsCommas to Set Off Nouns of Direct AddressCommas with Nonessential ElementsCommas with InterruptersCommas with Main ClausesCommas between Coordinate Modifiers, Commas for Clarity, and Commas to Separate Contrasting ElementsWhen Not to Use a CommaThe SemicolonThe ColonThe DashParenthesesThe ApostropheThe Apostrophe to Show PossessionThe Apostrophe to Indicate Missing Letters or Numbers and for Some PluralsESL Note: Its and It’sQuotation MarksThe Ellipsis MarkBracketsItalics and Underlining
Chapter 27 Capitalization, Spelling, Abbreviations, and Numbers
CapitalizationESL Note: CapitalizationSpellingESL Note: SpellingThe HyphenAbbreviations and Numbers
Appendix: The Parts of Speech
Revising and Editing Reference GuideRevising and Editing Symbols