Synopses & Reviews
Historians have been guilty of child neglect. Yes, they've studied children, but only to learn about adults. Typically they've chosen adult-centered research topics like child-rearing practices, social attitudes toward children, and the evolution of public institutions like education and juvenile courts.
The thirteen essays in Small Worlds take a different tack. They treat children as active, influential participants in society. Here children and adolescents from the pre-Civil War generation to 1950 are seen as actors in their own right, shapers of their own history who not only mirror adult values, but also modify them.
Editors Elliott West and Paula Petrik have organized the essays in Small Worlds around four topics: cultural and regional variations, toys and play, family life, and the ways evolving memories of childhood shape how adults think of themselves. And, since photography provides the best record of childhood, they've added a photographic essay by Ray Hiner entitled "Seen but Not Heard."
"A youthful perspective on the past can provide a much better understanding of changes in American material and economic life," write West and Petrik. Young people, they argue, performed many of the essential jobs in newly industrialized America, and they continued to play vital roles on their families' farms well into the twentieth century. As a result, children have been increasingly influential in American economic life—as consumers.
According to West and Petrik, the study of children also reveals how values evolve out of the mutual give-and-take between society and child in the socialization process. This enormously complex evolution continues as the child matures and, in turn, tries mightily to pass on values to a new generation of children who work just as strenuously to make up their own minds.
"This book represents a new and imaginative reconception of the American experience. . . . Especially noteworthy is the emphasis on material culture."—David M. Katzman, author of Seven Days a Week: Women and Domestic Service in Industrializing America.
Synopsis
Thirteen essays treat children from the pre-Civil War generation to 1950 as active, influential participants in society. The essays are organized into four topics: cultural and regional variation, toys and play, family life, and the ways evolving memories of childhood shape how adults think of themselves.
Description
Includes bibliographical references (p. 321-382) and index.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Part One: Allee Allee Oxen Free
Cultural and Regional Variations
1. Children and Commercial Culture
Moving Pictures in the Early Twentieth Century, David Nasaw
2. Children on the Plains Frontier, Elliott West
3. Immigrant Children at School, 1880-1940 A Child's Eye View, Selma Berrol
4. "Star Struck"
Acculturation, Adolescence, and Mexican American Women, 1920-1950, Vicki L. Ruiz
Part Two: Eenie Meanie, Minie Moe
Children, Play, and Society
5. Made, Bought, and Stolen
Toys and the Culture of Childhood, Bernard Mergen
6. Sugar and Spite
The Politics of Doll Play in Nineteenth-Century America, Miriam Formanek-Brunell
7. The Youngest Fourth Estate
The Novelty Toy Printing Press and Adolescence, 1870-1886, Paula Petrik
8. The Homefront Children's Popular Culture
Radio, Movies, Comics—Adventure, Patriotism, and Sex-Typing, William M. Tuttle, Jr.
Part Three: Seen but Not Heard
Children in American Photographs
Part Four: One, Two, Buckle My Shoe/Three, Four, Shut the Door
Children and the Family
9. Children as Chattel, Lester Alston
10. Golden Girls
Female Socialization amon the Middle Class of Los Angeles, 1880-1910, Victoria Bissell Brown
11. "Ties That Bind and Bonds That Break"
Children's Attitudes toward Fathers, 1900-1930, Robert Griswold
12. "The Only Thing I Wanted Was Freedom"
Wayward Girls in New York, 1900-1930, Ruth M. Alexander
Part Five: Looking Backward
Remembering Childhood
13. Bitter Nostalgia
Recollections of Childhood on the Midwestern Frontier, Liahna Babener
Notes
The Contributors
Index