Writing: A Guide for College and Beyond uses written instruction and visual tools to teach how to read, write, and research effectively for different purposes. Writing Guidelines, Critical Reading, Research. General Interest, Writing
Preface
PART 1: THE WRITER AS EXPLORER
1. Making Discoveries
Look with new eyes
Explore the world
Find a territory
Use guides
2. Reading to Explore
Become a critical reader
Look with a critical eye
Read actively
Recognize fallacies
Respond as a reader
3. Planning a Journey
Determine your direction
Write a thesis
Plan your route
4. Returning and Revising
Evaluate your draft
Respond to others
Pay attention to details last
5. Thinking Visually
Communicate with visuals and words
Understand visual and verbal concepts
Know when to use images and graphics
Take pictures that aren’t boring
Compose images
Create tables, charts, and graphs
6. Designing Documents
Start with your readers
Use headings and subheadings effectively
Design pages
Understand typography
7. Delivering Presentations
Plan a presentation
Design effective visuals
Give a memorable presentation
8. Working as a Team
Organize a team
Understand the team process
Work as a team
PART 2: THE WRITER AS GUIDE
9. Writing Effectively in College
Understand the demands of writing in college
Think about your aim
Think about your genre
Think about your audience
Think about your credibility
Think about building on the work of others
Become an effective writer
Student visual analysis
Angela Yamashita, Got Roddick?
Write to Reflect
10. Reflections
Writing reflections
An effective reflection
Sue Kunitomi Embrey, Some Lines for a Younger Brother . . .
Explore current issues
How to read reflections
David Sedaris, Let it Snow
Lee Conell, My Dropout Boyfriend Kept Dropping In
Jason Christopher Hartley, Just Another Soldier
Amy Tan, Mother Tongue
How to write a reflection
Student essay
Janine Carter, The Miracle Quilt
Projects
Write to Inform
11. Observations
Writing observations
An effective observation
Annie Dillard, Life on the Rocks: The Galápagos
Explore current issues
How to read observations
Mary Roach, Monster in a Ryokan
Ansel Adams, Photographs of Japanese-Americans at Manzanar
Fred Strebeigh, The Wheels of Freedom: Bicycles in China
Salman Hameed, The Travelogue of an Astronomer
How to write an observation
Student essay
Sarah Cuellar, Playing in Traffic: How Parallel Play Helps Preschool Children "Merge" into Group Play
Projects
12. Informative Essays
Reporting information
Effective informative writing
Samuel Wilson, The Emperor’s Giraffe
Explore current issues
How to read informative writing
Lori Gottlieb, How Do I Love Thee?
Chip Walter, Affairs of the Lips: Why We Kiss
Po Bronson, Learning to Lie
Virginia Morell, Minds of their Own
How to write to inform
Student essay
Lakshmi Kotra, The Life Cycle of Stars
Projects
Write to Analyze
13. Rhetorical and Literary Analyses
Writing to analyze
Writing a rhetorical analysis
Writing a visual analysis
Writing a literary analysis
An effective analysis
Tim Collins, Straight from the Heart
Explore current issues
How to read analyses
David T.Z.Mindich, The Collapse of Big Media: The Young and the Restless
Frank Gehry, The Stata Center
Landor Associates, Federal Express Logo
Volkswagen Beetle
Alice Walker, Everyday Use
Student literary analysis
Shaunte Huff, “Make Something of Yourself”: Symbolism in Alice Walker's “Everyday Use”
Dagoberto Gilb, Love in LA
How to write an analysis
Student rhetorical analysis
Kelsey Turner, Biting the Hands That Feed America
Projects
14. Causal Analyses
Writing to analyze causes
An effective causal analysis
Stentor Danielson, Pesticides, Parasite May Cause Frog Deformities
Explore current issues
How to read causal analyses
Stephanie Coontz, The Future of Marriage
Hannah Fairfield, Pushing Paper Out the Door
Emily Raine, Why Should I Be Nice To You? Coffee Shops and the Politics of Good Service
Daniel Akst, Strive We Must
Kay S. Hymowitz, The New Girl Order
Operation Iraqi Freedom Leaflets
How to write a causal analysis
Student analysis
Sean Booker, Borrowing Bling: The Appeal of Hip-hop to Young White Men
Projects
Write Arguments
15. Evaluations
Writing to evaluate
An effective evaluation
Lefteris Pavlides, The Aesthetics of Wind Power
Explore current issues
How to read evaluations
Michael Gorman, Web 2.0 Forum: The Sleep of Reason
Danah Boyd, Web 2.0 Forum: Knowledge Access as a Public Good
Michael Eric Dyson, Gangsta Rap and American Culture
Stephanie Rosenbloom, The Nitpicking Nation
How to write an evaluation
Student essay
Rashaun Giddens, Stop Loss or “Loss of Trust”
Projects
16. Arguments for a Position
Writing a position argument
An effective position argument
Ted Koppel, Take My Privacy, Please!
Explore current issues
How to read position arguments
Frederick Douglass, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?
Mark Winne, When Handouts Keep Coming, the Food Line Never Ends
Michel Marriott, The Color of Mayhem
Steven Johnson, Hillary vs, “Grand Theft Auto”
Mae M. Ngai, No Human Being Is Illegal
Buff Daddy
Food Cops Bust Cookie Monster
How to write a position argument
Student argument
Chris Nguyen, Speech Doesn’t Have to be Pretty to be Protected
Projects
17. Proposal Arguments
Making a proposal argument
An effective proposal argument
Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence
Explore current issues
How to read proposal arguments
Paul Saffo, A Trail of DNA and Data
Thomas Homer-Dixon and S. Julio Friedmann, Coal in a Nice Shade of Green
Richard Nixon, Building the Interstate Highway System
Michael Pollan, Why Bother?
Karol Boudreaux and Tyler Cowen, The Micromagic of Microcredit
How to write a proposal argument
Student argument
Kim Lee, Let’s Make It a Real Melting Pot with Presidential Hopes for All
Projects
PART 3: THE WRITER AS RESEARCHER
18. Planning Research
Analyze the research task
Ask a question
Determine what you need
Draft a working thesis
Search using keywords
Start a working bibliography
19. Finding Sources in Databases
Find information in databases
Construct effective searches
Locate elements of a citation
20. Finding Sources on the Web
Find information on the Web
Evaluate Web sources
Find visual sources online
21. Finding Print Sources
Find books
Find journal articles
Evaluate print sources
22. Exploring in the Field
Conduct interviews
Administer surveys
Make observations
23. Writing the Research Paper
Plan your organization
Avoid plagiarism
Quote sources without plagiarizing
Summarize and paraphrase sources without plagiarizing
Incorporate quotations
Incorporate visuals
24. MLA Documentation
Elements of MLA documentation
Entries in the list of works cited
In-text citations in MLA style
Books in MLA-style works cited
Periodicals in MLA-style works cited
Web sources in MLA-style works cited
Other sources in MLA-style works cited
Sample MLA paper
George Abukar, It’s Time to Shut Down the Identity Theft Racket
25. APA Documentation
APA citations
In-text citations in APA style
Books in APA-style references list
Periodicals in APA-style references list
Web sources in APA-style references list
Other sources in APA-style references list
Sample APA paper
Blair Zacharias, Parking Design Recommendations for Publicly-Funded Commercial Redevelopment Projects
PART 4: THE WRITER AS EDITOR
26. Writing Effective Paragraphs
Develop paragraphs
Pay attention to paragraph length
Link within and across paragraphs
Start fast
Conclude with strength
Checklist for editing paragraphs
27. Writing Effective Sentences
Pay attention to verbs
Stay active
Focus on people and actors
Write concise sentences
Write ethical sentences
Match structure with ideas
Checklist for editing sentences
28. Avoiding Errors
Fix fragments
Fix run-on sentences
Fix comma spices
Make verbs agree with subjects
Make pronouns agree
Fix shifts
Use modifiers correctly
Place modifiers carefully
Checklist for editing for errors
29. Understanding Punctuation and Conventions
Identify where commas are needed
Place commas correctly with modifiers
Place commas correctly with clauses and phrases
Use semicolons and colons correctly
Use hyphens, dashes, and parentheses correctly
Use quotation marks correctly
Use other punctuation correctly
Understand print conventions
Checklist for punctuation and conventions
30. Writing in a Second Language
Understand the demands of writing in a second language
Understand nouns in English
Understand articles in English
Understand verbs and modifiers in English
Understand English sentence structure
Checklist for second language writers
Appendices:
A. Writing Essay Exams
B. Creating Portfolios
Credits
Index