Synopses & Reviews
This second volume of Henry Kissingerand#8217;s monumental memoirs covers his years as President Richard Nixonand#8217;s Secretary of State (1972and#8211;1974), including the ending of the Vietnam War, the 1973 Middle East War and oil embargo, Watergate, and Nixonand#8217;s resignation. andlt;Iandgt;Years of Upheaval andlt;/Iandgt;opens with Dr. Kissinger being appointed Secretary of State. andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Among other events of these turbulent years that he recounts are his trip to Hanoi after the Vietnam cease-fire, his efforts to settle the war in Cambodia, the and#8220;Year of Europe,and#8221; two Nixon-Brezhnev summit meetings and the controversies over arms control and dand#233;tente, the military alert and showdown with the Soviet Union over the Middle East war, the subsequent oil crisis, the origins of shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East, the fall of Salvador Allende in Chile, and the tumultuous events surrounding Nixonand#8217;s resignation. Throughout are candid appraisals of world leaders, including Nixon, Golda Meir, Anwar Sadat, King Faisal, Hafez al-Asad, Chairman Mao, Leonid Brezhnev, Willy Brandt, Helmut Schmidt, Georges Pompidou, and many more. andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;At once illuminating, fascinating, and profound, andlt;Iandgt;Years of Upheaval andlt;/Iandgt;is a lasting contribution to the history of our time by one of its chief protagonists.
Synopsis
In this second volume of Henry Kissinger's "endlessly fascinating memoirs" (The New York Times), Kissinger recounts his years as President Nixon's Secretary of State from 1972 to 1974, including the ending of the Vietnam War, the 1973 Middle East War and oil embargo, Watergate, and Nixon's resignation.
This second volume of Henry Kissinger's monumental memoirs covers his years as President Richard Nixon's Secretary of State (1972-1974), including the ending of the Vietnam War, the 1973 Middle East War and oil embargo, Watergate, and Nixon's resignation. Years of Upheaval opens with Dr. Kissinger being appointed Secretary of State.
Among other events of these turbulent years that he recounts are his trip to Hanoi after the Vietnam cease-fire, his efforts to settle the war in Cambodia, the "Year of Europe," two Nixon-Brezhnev summit meetings and the controversies over arms control and detente, the military alert and showdown with the Soviet Union over the Middle East war, the subsequent oil crisis, the origins of shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East, the fall of Salvador Allende in Chile, and the tumultuous events surrounding Nixon's resignation. Throughout are candid appraisals of world leaders, including Nixon, Golda Meir, Anwar Sadat, King Faisal, Hafez al-Asad, Chairman Mao, Leonid Brezhnev, Willy Brandt, Helmut Schmidt, Georges Pompidou, and many more.
At once illuminating, fascinating, and profound, Years of Upheaval is a lasting contribution to the history of our time by one of its chief protagonists.
Synopsis
This second volume of Henry Kissinger’s monumental memoirs covers his years as President Richard Nixon’s Secretary of State (1972-1974), including the ending of the Vietnam War, the 1973 Middle East War and oil embargo, Watergate, and Nixon’s resignation.
Years of Upheaval opens with Dr. Kissinger being appointed Secretary of State.
Among other events of these turbulent years that he recounts are his trip to Hanoi after the Vietnam cease-fire, his efforts to settle the war in Cambodia, the “Year of Europe,” two Nixon-Brezhnev summit meetings and the controversies over arms control and détente, the military alert and showdown with the Soviet Union over the Middle East war, the subsequent oil crisis, the origins of shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East, the fall of Salvador Allende in Chile, and the tumultuous events surrounding Nixon’s resignation. Throughout are candid appraisals of world leaders, including Nixon, Golda Meir, Anwar Sadat, King Faisal, Hafez al-Asad, Chairman Mao, Leonid Brezhnev, Willy Brandt, Helmut Schmidt, Georges Pompidou, and many more.
At once illuminating, fascinating, and profound, Years of Upheaval is a lasting contribution to the history of our time by one of its chief protagonists.
About the Author
Henry Kissinger was the fifty-sixth Secretary of State. Born in Germany, Dr. Kissinger came to the United States in 1938 and was naturalized a US citizen in 1943. He served in the US Army and attended Harvard University, where heandnbsp;later became a member of the faculty. Among the awards he has received are the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Medal of Liberty. Dr. Kissinger is currently Chairman of Kissinger Associates, Inc., an international consulting firm.
Table of Contents
andlt;Bandgt;CONTENTSandlt;/Bandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;List of Mapsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Forewordandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;1. A Ford, Not a Lincolnandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Changing of the Guardandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The New Presidentandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Domestic Crisisandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and Congressandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and the National Interestandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part One:andlt;/Iandgt; THE NIXON LEGACYandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;2. The Man and the Organizationandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;At the Edge of Greatnessandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The President and His Adviserandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Nixon and the Establishmentandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Nixon the Personandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Taping Systemandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Operation of the Nixon White Houseandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The National Security Council Systemandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Epilogueandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;3. Controversy over Dand#233;tenteandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;What Was Dand#233;tente?andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Attack on Nixon's Foreign Policy: The Liberal Challengeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Conservative Critiqueandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Senator Henry Jackson and Dand#233;tente: Strategy and Arms Controlandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;4. Jackson, Arms Control, and Jewish Emigrationandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Arms Controlandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Jewish Emigration from the Soviet Unionandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;5. China and Its Leadersandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Two Styles of Diplomacyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Mao Zedongandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Zhou Enlaiandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Deng Xiaopingandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Two:andlt;/Iandgt; FORD AT THE HELMandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;6. The New Presidencyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Transitionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Ford Teamandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and His Secretary of Stateandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;7. Cyprus, a Case Study in Ethnic Conflictandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Nature of Ethnic Conflictsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Makarios: The Wily Archbishopandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Greek-Turkish Minuetsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Cyprus Eruptsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Turkish Invasionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Second Turkish Interventionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Congress and Cyprusandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Conclusionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Three:andlt;/Iandgt; EAST-WEST RELATIONSandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;8. Ford Inherits the Debate over Dand#233;tenteandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Hearings on Dand#233;tenteandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Debate on Arms Control Resumesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Jewish Emigration from the Soviet Unionandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;9. A Visit with Brezhnevandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Brezhnev and the Kremlin Leadersandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Kremlin's Perspective on Dand#233;tenteandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;In the Politburo Chambersandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;A Step Toward a Breakthroughandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Nuclear Condominiumandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;10. Vladivostok and the Crisis in American-Soviet Relationsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Arrival in Vladivostokandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;First Plenary Meetingandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Aftermath of Vladivostok: Dand#233;tente Under Stressandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Jewish Emigration and the Collapse of the Trade Billandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Final Noteandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;11. The Intelligence Investigationsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Prelude to the Investigationsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford Charts a Courseandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Rockefeller Commissionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Church Committeeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Pike Committeeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Was There an Intelligence Scandal and What Was the Outcome?andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Four:andlt;/Iandgt; BREAKTHROUGH IN THE MIDDLE EASTandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;12. Ford and Middle East Diplomacyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Cauldronandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Forging a New Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Jordanian Optionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Egyptian Optionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Hussein and the Peace Processandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Two More Arab Visitors: Syria and Saudi Arabiaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Rabin Visits Fordandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Rabat Decisionandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;13. One Shuttle Too Manyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Post-Rabat Bluesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Exploratory Shuttleandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Shuttle That Failedandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;14. Sinai II and the Road to Peaceandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;"Reassessment"andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Resumption of Step-by-Step Policyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and Sadatandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and Rabin: Another Encounterandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Forging a New Initiativeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Another Shuttleandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Leaders and the Outcomeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Five:andlt;/Iandgt; COLLAPSE IN INDOCHINA, TRAGEDY OF THE KURDSandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;15. Indochina Tragedy -- The Beginning of the Endandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Strangulation of Vietnamandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and Vietnamandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Hanoi's Buildupandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Hanoi Resumes the Offensiveandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The End of the Roadandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;16. The Collapse of Cambodiaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Myth of the Failure to Negotiate on Cambodiaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Final Collapseandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;17. The End of Vietnamandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Debate over Evacuationandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Search for a Political Solutionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Evacuationandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Last Dayandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;18. Anatomy of a Crisis: The andlt;Iandgt;Mayaguezandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;How to Liberate a Shipandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Freeing of the Mayaguezandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Postmortemsandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;19. Tragedy of the Kurdsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Origins of the Programandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Internal Controversiesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The End of Kurdish Autonomyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Collapse of Kurdish Resistanceandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Six:andlt;/Iandgt; THE ATLANTIC RELATIONSHIPandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;20. The Restoration of Western Unityandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Harold Wilson and James Callaghan: The Operation of the Special Relationshipandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Helmut Schmidt and Hans-Dietrich Genscher: Alliance and Unificationandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Valand#233;ry Giscard d'Estaing -- France: Ally or Gadfly?andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Eurocommunism and the Atlantic Allianceandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;21. The European Security Conferenceandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Aleksandr Solzhenitsynandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Prelude to Helsinkiandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Helsinkiandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Aftermathandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;22. The Energy Crisisandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;An Emerging Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;A Long-Term Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Implementation of the Energy Programandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Consumer Solidarity: Meeting with Giscard at Martiniqueandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Separate Oil Dealsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Rambouillet Summitandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Consumer/Producer Dialogueandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Seven:andlt;/Iandgt; LATIN AMERICAandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;23. Panama, Mexico, and the "New Dialogue"andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Nixon and the "Mature Partnership"andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Panama Canal Negotiations: First Phaseandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Mexico and the New Dialogueandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Conference of Tlatelolcoandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The End of the New Dialogueandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;24. Brazil, Chile, and Western Hemisphere Unityandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;First Visit to Latin America: Venezuela, Peru, Colombia, and Brazilandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Chile, Human Rights, and the Organization of American Statesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Panamaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Conclusionandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;25. Cuban Interludeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Dialogueandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Sources of Cuban Conductandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Eight:andlt;/Iandgt; RELATIONS WITH THE COMMUNIST WORLDandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;26. Civil War in Angolaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Gathering Storm Cloudsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Beginning of the Involvementandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Angola Strategy Discussions: The African Bureauandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Angolan Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Diplomatic Frameworkandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Tunney and Clark Amendmentsandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;27. Last Visit to Moscowandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Halloween Massacreandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The New Team in Actionandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The End of East-West Negotiationsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The Doctrine That Never Was: Sonnenfeldt and Eastern Europeandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;28. Preserving the Sino-American Relationshipandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;A Visit to Beijingandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Dialogue with Deng and Maoandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Conversation with Maoandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Ford and Mao: The 1975 Summitandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Domestic Distractionsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Nine:andlt;/Iandgt; SOUTHERN AFRICAandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;29. An African Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Challengeandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;The World Looks at Angolaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Shaping of an Angolan Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Components of a Strategyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;African Policy and the Domestic Consensusandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;30. First Visit to Africaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Anthony Crosland and the Role of Britainandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Jomo Kenyatta: The Extinct Volcanoandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Julius Nyerere and Tanzania: The Ambivalent Intellectualandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Kenneth Kaunda: The Closet Moderateandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Mobutu: The Controversial Allyandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Liberia: History Without a Pointandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Leopold Senghor: The Philosopher-Kingandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Nairobi: Meeting with Front-Line Ministersandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Return to Washingtonandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;31. Toward Majority Rule in Southern Africaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;South Africa and the United Statesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Meeting South Africa's Prime Ministerandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Great Britain and the Front-Line Statesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Another Sortie to Africaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;African Complexitiesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;A Political Program for Rhodesiaandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;32. Breakthrough to Majority Ruleandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;Second Meeting with Vorsterandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Another Round with Nyerere and Kaundaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Another Visit to Lusakaandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Breakthrough with Vorster and Smithandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Reaction of Kaunda and Nyerereandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Blow-up with Londonandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Return to Washingtonandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Part Ten:andlt;/Iandgt; END OF THE FORD PRESIDENCYandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;33. Civil War in Lebanon and Middle East Peaceandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The Lebanon Crisis Unfoldsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Back to the Peace Processandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Sadat and Rabin Visit Washingtonandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Syrian Intervention in Lebanonandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Return to the Peace Processandlt;/Iandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;34. Reflectionsandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;andlt;Iandgt;The End of the Ford Administrationandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt; Morality and Pragmatismandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;A Personal Noteandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Notesandlt;BRandgt;andlt;BRandgt;Indexandlt;/Iandgt;