Open-source operating systems, virtual machines, and clustered computing are among the leading fields of operating systems and networking that are rapidly changing. With substantial revisions and organizational changes, Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne’s Operating System Concepts, Eighth Editionremains as current and relevant as ever, helping you master the fundamental concepts of operating systems while preparing yourself for today’s emerging developments.

As in the past, the text brings you up to speed on core knowledge and skills, including:

• What operating systems are, what they do, and how they are designed and constructed
• Process, memory, and storage management
• Protection and security
• Distributed systems
• Special-purpose systems

Beyond the basics, the Eight Editionsports substantive revisions and organizational changes that clue you in to such cutting-edge developments as open-source operating systems, multi-core processors, clustered computers, virtual machines, transactional memory, NUMA, Solaris 10 memory management, Sun’s ZFS file system, and more. New to this edition is the use of a simulator to dynamically demonstrate several operating system topics.

Best of all, a greatly enhanced WileyPlus, a multitude of new problems and programming exercises, and other enhancements to this edition all work together to prepare you enter the world of operating systems with confidence.

• A perennial bestseller, this new edition returns as the ultimate introduction to operating systems and provides readers with a solid theoretical foundation for understanding operating systems
• Features a large number of examples that pertain to the most popular and the most innovative operating systems
• Updated throughout in order to help software developers and programmers take advantage of operating systems to make the most out of their applications

• Continuing in the tradition of previous bestselling editions, this new version provides the most updated, authoritative theoretical foundation for understanding operating systems
• Updated to cover the most current topics and applications, including small footprint OS such as Palm OS and real-time OS
• Improved conceptual coverage and additional content bridge the gap between concepts and actual implementations
• New exercises, lab projects, and review questions help further reinforce vital concepts

In addition to his academic and industrial positions, Professor Silberschatz served as a member of the Biodiversity and Ecosystems Panel on President Clinton's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology, as an advisor for the National Science Foundation, and as a consultant for several private industry companies.

Professor Silberschatz is an ACM Fellow and an IEEE Fellow. He received the 2002 IEEE Taylor L. Booth Education Award the 1998 ACM Karl V. Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award, the 1997 ACM SIGMOD Contribution Award, and the IEEE Computer Society Outstanding Paper award for the article "Capability Manager", which appeared in the IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. His writings have appeared in numerous ACM and IEEE publications and other professional conferences and journals. He is a coauthor of the textbook Database System Concepts.

Greg Gagneis chair of the Division of Computer Science and Mathematics at Westminster College in Salt Lake City where he has been teaching since 1990. In addition to teaching operating systems, he also teaches computer networks, distributed systems, object-oriented programming, and data structures. He also provides workshops to computer science educators and industry professionals. Professor Gagne's current research interests include next-generation operating systems and distributed computing.

Peter BaerGalvin is the chief technologist for Corporate Technologies (www.cptech.com). Before that, Peter was the systems manager for Brown University's Computer Science Department. He is also contributing editor for SysAdminmagazine. Mr. Galvin has written articles for Byte and other magazines, and previously wrote the security column and systems administration column for ITWORLD. As a consultant and trainer, Peter has given talks and taught tutorials on security and system administration worldwide.

Chapter 1. Introduction.

1.1 What Operating Systems Do.

1.2 Computer-System Organization.

1.3 Computer-System Architecture.

1.4 Operating-System Structure.

1.5 Operating-System Operations.

1.6 Process Management.

1.7 Memory Management.

1.8 Storage Management.

1.9 Protection and Security.

1.10 Distributed Systems.

1.11 Special-Purpose Systems.

1.12 Computing Environments.

1.13 Open-Source Operating Systems.

1.14 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 2. Operating-System Structures.

2.1 Operating-System Services.

2.2 User Operating-System Interface.

2.3 System Calls.

2.4 Types of System Calls.

2.5 System Programs.

2.6 Operating-System Design and Implementation.

2.7 Operating-System Structure.

2.8 Virtual Machines.

2.9 Operating-System Debugging.

2.10 Operating-System Generation.

2.11 System Boot.

2.12 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART TWO. PROCESS MANAGEMENT.

Chapter 3. Processes.

3.1 Process Concept.

3.2 Process Scheduling.

3.3 Operations on Processes.

3.4 Interprocess Communication.

3.5 Examples of IPC Systems.

3.6 Communication in Client–Server Systems.

3.7 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 4. Threads.

4.1 Overview.

4.2 Multithreading Models.

4.3 Thread Libraries.

4.4 Threading Issues.

4.5 Operating-System Examples.

4.6 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 5. CPU Scheduling.

5.1 Basic Concepts.

5.2 Scheduling Criteria.

5.3 Scheduling Algorithms.

5.4 Thread Scheduling.

5.5 Multiple-Processor Scheduling.

5.6 Operating System Examples.

5.7 Algorithm Evaluation.

5.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 6. Process Synchronization.

6.1 Background.

6.2 The Critical-Section Problem.

6.3 Peterson’s Solution.

6.4 Synchronization Hardware.

6.5 Semaphores.

6.6 Classic Problems of Synchronization.

6.7 Monitors.

6.8 Synchronization Examples.

6.9 Atomic Transactions.

6.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 7. Deadlocks.

7.1 System Model.

7.2 Deadlock Characterization.

7.3 Methods for Handling Deadlocks.

7.4 Deadlock Prevention.

7.5 Deadlock Avoidance.

7.6 Deadlock Detection.

7.7 Recovery from Deadlock.

7.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART THREE. MEMORY MANAGEMENT.

Chapter 8. Main Memory.

8.1 Background.

8.2 Swapping.

8.3 Contiguous Memory Allocation.

8.4 Paging.

8.5 Structure of the Page Table.

8.6 Segmentation.

8.7 Example: The Intel Pentium.

8.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 9. Virtual Memory.

9.1 Background.

9.2 Demand Paging.

9.3 Copy-on-Write.

9.4 Page Replacement.

9.5 Allocation of Frames.

9.6 Thrashing.

9.7 Memory-Mapped Files.

9.8 Allocating Kernel Memory.

9.9 Other Considerations.

9.10 Operating-System Examples.

9.11 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART FOUR. STORAGE MANAGEMENT.

Chapter 10. File-System Interface.

10.1 File Concept.

10.2 Access Methods.

10.3 Directory and Disk Structure.

10.4 File-System Mounting.

10.5 File Sharing.

10.6 Protection.

10.7 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 11. File-System Implementation.

11.1 File-System Structure.

11.2 File-System Implementation.

11.3 Directory Implementation.

11.4 Allocation Methods.

11.5 Free-Space Management.

11.6 Efficiency and Performance.

11.7 Recovery.

11.8 NFS.

11.9 Example: The WAFL File System.

11.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 12. Mass-Storage Structure.

12.1 Overview of Mass-Storage Structure.

12.2 Disk Structure.

12.3 Disk Attachment.

12.4 Disk Scheduling.

12.5 Disk Management.

12.6 Swap-Space Management.

12.7 RAID Structure.

12.8 Stable-Storage Implementation.

12.9 Tertiary-Storage Structure.

12.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 13. I/O Systems.

13.1 Overview.

13.2 I/O Hardware.

13.3 Application I/O Interface.

13.4 Kernel I/O Subsystem.

13.5 Transforming I/O Requests to Hardware Operations.

13.6 STREAMS.

13.7 Performance.

13.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART FIVE. PROTECTION AND SECURITY.

Chapter 14. Protection.

14.1 Goals of Protection.

14.2 Principles of Protection.

14.3 Domain of Protection.

14.4 Access Matrix.

14.5 Implementation of Access Matrix.

14.6 Access Control.

14.7 Revocation of Access Rights.

14.8 Capability-Based Systems.

14.9 Language-Based Protection.

14.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 15. Security.

15.1 The Security Problem.

15.2 Program Threats.

15.3 System and Network Threats.

15.4 Cryptography as a Security Tool.

15.5 User Authentication.

15.6 Implementing Security Defenses.

15.7 Firewalling to Protect Systems and Networks.

15.8 Computer-Security Classifications.

15.9 An Example: Windows XP.

15.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART SIX. DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS.

Chapter 16. Distributed System Structures.

16.1 Motivation.

16.2 Types of Network based Operating Systems.

16.3 Network Structure.

16.4 Network Topology.

16.5 Communication Structure.

16.6 Communication Protocols.

16.7 Robustness.

16.8 Design Issues.

16.9 An Example: Networking.

16.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 17. Distributed File Systems.

17.1 Background.

17.2 Naming and Transparency.

17.3 Remote File Access.

17.4 Stateful Versus Stateless Service.

17.5 File Replication.

17.6 An Example: AFS.

17.7 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 18. Distributed Coordination.

18.1 Event Ordering.

18.2 Mutual Exclusion.

18.3 Atomicity.

18.4 Concurrency Control.

18.5 Deadlock Handling.

18.6 Election Algorithms.

18.7 Reaching Agreement.

18.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART SEVEN. SPECIAL PURPOSE SYSTEMS.

Chapter 19. Real-Time Systems.

19.1 Overview.

19.2 System Characteristics.

19.3 Features of Real-Time Kernels.

19.4 Implementing Real-Time Operating Systems.

19.5 Real-Time CPU Scheduling.

19.6 An Example: VxWorks 5.x.

19.7 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 20. Multimedia Systems.

20.1 What Is Multimedia?

20.2 Compression.

20.3 Requirements of Multimedia Kernels.

20.4 CPU Scheduling.

20.5 Disk Scheduling.

20.6 Network Management.

20.7 An Example: CineBlitz.

20.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

PART EIGHT. CASE STUDIES.

Chapter 21. The Linux/System.

21.1 Linux History.

21.2 Design Principles.

21.3 Kernel Modules.

21.4 Process Management.

21.5 Scheduling.

21.6 Memory Management.

21.7 File Systems.

21.8 Input and Output.

21.9 Interprocess Communication.

21.10 Network Structure.

21.11 Security.

21.12 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 22. Windows XP.

22.1 History.

22.2 Design Principles.

22.3 System Components.

22.4 Environmental Subsystems.

22.5 File System.

22.6 Networking.

22.7 Programmer Interface.

22.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Chapter 23. Influential Operating Systems.

23.1 Feature Migration.

23.2 Early Systems.

23.3 Atlas.

23.4 XDS-940.

23.5 THE.

23.6 RC 4000.

23.7 CTSS.

23.8 MULTICS.

23.9 IBM OS/360.

23.10 TOPS-20.

23.11 CP/M and MS/DOS.

23.12 Macintosh Operating System and Windows.

23.13 Mach.

23.14 Other Systems.

Exercises.

PART NINE. APPENDICES.

Appendix A. BSD UNIX (contents online).

A.1 UNIX History.

A.2 Design Principles.

A.3 Programmer Interface.

A.4 User Interface.

A.5 Process Management.

A.6 Memory Management.

A.7 File System.

A.8 I/O System.

A.9 Interprocess Communication.

A.10 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Appendix B. The Mach System (contents online).

B.1 History of the Mach System.

B.2 Design Principles.

B.3 System Components.

B.4 Process Management.

B.5 Interprocess Communication.

B.6 Memory Management.

B.7 Programmer Interface.

B.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Appendix C. Windows 2000 (contents online).

C.1 History.

C.2 Design Principles.

C.3 System Components.

C.4 Environmental Subsystems.

C.5 File System.

C.6 Networking.

C.7 Programmer Interface.

C.8 Summary.

Exercises.

Bibliographical Notes.

Bibliography.

Credits.

Index.