Synopses & Reviews
As early as the end of 1938, compulsory labor for Jews had been introduced in Germany and annexed Austria by the labor administration. Similar programs subsequently were established by civil administrations in the German-occupied Czech and Polish territories. At the peak point, more than one million Jewish men and women toiled for private companies and public builders, many of them in hundreds of now often-forgotten special labor camps. This study refutes the widespread thesis that compulsory work was organized only by the SS, and that exploitation was only an intermediate tactic on the way to mass murder and the destruction of the Jews. Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Synopsis
Examining forced Jewish labor in Germany, Austria, the Protectorate, and the various occupied Polish territories.
Synopsis
This book describes the implementation of forced labor for Jews in Germany, Austria, the Protectorate, and the various occupied Polish territories.
About the Author
Wolf Gruner currently holds a position at the Institute for Contemporary History in Berlin, where he is coeditor and researcher on The Persecution and Extermination of the European Jews Under the Nazis, 1933-1945, a multivolume collection of primary sources. He is the author of many works on the history of the Holocaust and Nazi Germany, and has held positions at Webster University, Harvard University, and the Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, among others.
Table of Contents
Prologue: Anti-Jewish policies in the Nazi State before 1938; 1. Segregated labor deployment: central planning and local practice, 1938-1945; 2. German Jews in forced labor camps, 1939-1943; 3. 'Special Service': forced labor of so-called Jewish Mischlinge, 1942-1945; 4. Initiatives in Vienna: Austrian Jews in the segregated labor deployment program, 1938-1945; 5. The failure of deportation: forced labor of Czech Jews, 1939-1945; 6. Camps and ghettos: forced labor in the Reich Gau Wartheland, 1939-1944; 7. On the 'Führer's Road': Polish Jews in the old Reich, 1940-1943; 8. The SS Organization Schmelt and the Jews from Eastern Upper Silesia, 1940-1944; 9. The Labor Office versus the SS: forced labor in the general government, 1939-1944.