Synopses & Reviews
Rationality and freedom are among the most profound and contentious concepts in philosophy and the social sciences. In two volumes on rationality, freedom, and justice, the distinguished economist and philosopher Amartya Sen brings clarity and insight to these difficult issues. This volume--the first of the two--is principally concerned with rationality and freedom.
Sen scrutinizes and departs from the standard criteria of rationality, and shows how it can be seen in terms of subjecting one's values as well as choices to the demands of reason and critical scrutiny. This capacious approach is utilized to illuminate the demands of rationality in individual choice (including decisions under uncertainty) as well as social choice (including cost benefit analysis and environmental assessment).
Identifying a reciprocity in the relationship between rationality and freedom, Sen argues that freedom cannot be assessed independently of a person's reasoned preferences and valuations, just as rationality, in turn, requires freedom of thought. Sen uses the discipline of social choice theory (a subject he has helped to develop) to illuminate the demands of reason and the assessment of freedom. The latter is the subject matter of Sen's previously unpublished Arrow Lectures included here.
The essays in these volumes contribute to Sen's ongoing transformation of economic theory and social philosophy, and to our understanding of the connections among rationality, freedom, and social justice.
Review
Sen's mastery in the fields of social choice, the foundations of welfare economics, and, more broadly, distributive ethics and the measurement problems associated with these fields is unquestioned. Kenneth J. Arrow
Review
Amartya Sen occupies a unique position among modern economists. He is an outstanding economic theorist, a world authority on social choice and welfare economics. He is a leading figure in development economics, carrying out pathbreaking work on appraising the effectiveness of investment in poor countries and, more recently, on famine. At the same time, he takes a broad view of the subject and has done much to widen the perspective of economists. A. B. Atkinson
Review
Sen's arguments about social choice are important. The first chapter of the book offers a straightforward and comprehensive account of the social choice approach and this discussion is extended in the Nobel Lecture that forms the second chapter of the book
[I]t should be widely consulted by social development scholars who need to understand rational choice liberalism and its relevance to social development. Alan Ryan - New York Review of Books
Review
A work of striking intellectual ambition and unusual intellectual patience, tensely engaged in many different struggles and on a wide variety of levels. What it offers is not a set of simple and readily portable conclusions, or a means for reconciling the reader to a devastatingly imperfect historical world, but a sustained effort to clarify where the main imperfections come from, and what could, in principle, be done to alleviate them. Richard J. Arneson - American Political Science Review
Review
Sen brings a hard-edged intellect to regions of thought usually regarded as slushy and amorphous...Anyone interested in the topics of freedom, equality, or justice would profit from a close reading of this book. New York Review of Books
Review
One of the most attractive qualities of Rationality and Freedom is an extraordinary intellectual good nature. Whenever he can express gratitude, Professor Sen does so; whenever he criticizes it is gently--and save on very rare occasions it is only after he has expressed his appreciation for the stimulus provided by the error he uncovers. It would be a poor return for what he offers us here to pretend that everything he writes is equally persuasive; for even when he is unpersuasive he provides intellectual pleasures that few writers can match. John Dunn - Times Higher Education Supplement
About the Author
Amartya Sen, winner of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Economics, is Master at <>Trinity College, Cambridgeand LamontUniversity Professor, <>Harvard University.
Table of Contents
Preface
Part I General Introductions
1. Introduction: Rationality and Freedom
2. The Possibility of Social Choice
Part II Rationality: Form and Substance
3. Internal Consistency of Choice
4. Maximization and the Act of Choice
5. Goals, Commitment, and Identity
6. Rationality and Uncertainty
7. Non-Binary Choice and Preference
Part III Rationality and Social Choice
8. Rationality and Social Choice
9. Individual Preference as the Basis of Social Choice
10. Social Choice and Justice
11. Information and Invariance in Normative Choice
Part IV Liberty and Social Choice
12. Liberty and Social Choice
13. Minimal Liberty
14. Rights: Formulation and Consequences
Part V Perspectives and Policies
15. Positional Objectivity
16. On the Darwinian View of Progress
17. Markets and Freedoms
18. Environmental Evaluation and Social Choice
19. The Discipline of Cost-Benefit Analysis
Part VI Freedom and Social Choice: The Arrow Lectures Introductory Remarks
20. Opportunities and Freedoms
21. Processes, Liberty and Rights
22. Freedom and the Evaluation of Opportunity
Name Index
Subject Index