Preface
Assessing Websites
Chapter 1 The Maltreatment of Children from a Historical Perspective
Children as Property
Issues of Life and Death Issues of Dependence
Issues of Discipline
Child Labor Sexual Values, Attitudes, and Exploitation
Early History The Nineteenth Century
The Twentieth Century
The Incest Taboo
History Reasons for Taboo
Legal and Social Prohibition
Recent History of Helping the Abused and Neglected Child
Further Efforts on Behalf of Children Professional Awareness and Response to the Movement to Protect Children and Families
Child Protection Today
Current Framework The Role of Child Protective Services
Child Rearing, Maltreatment, and Public Opinion
Summary Review Questions
Endnotes
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 2 The Family: Roles, Responsibilities, and Rights
The Definition and Function of the Family
The Family as a System
Subsystems and Boundaries Roles
Communication
Bonding and Attachment
Rituals
Minority Family Systems
African American Families Hispanic American Families
Asian and Pacific Island Families
Native American Families
Family Problems and Dysfunction The Family and Child Maltreatment
Parents' Rights Children's Rights
Impact on the Child Protection Movement
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 3 Maltreatment and the Developing Child
Developmental Stages
Pregnancy and Birth
Birth to One Year
One to Four Years
Four to Eight Years
Eight to Twelve Years
Adolescence
Development, Maltreatment and Resiliency
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 4 The Neglect of Children
The Neglect of the Concept of Neglect
Definition and Measurement of Neglect
Causes of Neglect
Economic Causes Ecological Causes
Societal Causes
Individual Causes
Problems in Intervention Neglected Children
Symptoms and Effects of Neglect
Neglectful Parents
Efforts to Explain the Behavior of Neglectful Parents Substance-Abusing Families
Domestic Violence and Neglect
Plight of the Parent and the Social Worker
Summary Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 5 The Physical Abuse of Children
Causes of Physical Abuse
Interactional Variables Environmental/Life Stress Variables
Social/Cultural/Economic Variables
Risk Assessment and Physical Abuse
Child Risk Factors Parental Risk Factors
Family System Risk Factors
Symptoms of Physical Abuse
Physical Symptoms Behavioral Indications of Abuse
Abusive Parents
Parents' Unlearned Tasks from Childhood Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
Abusive Parents and Adolescents
Domestic Violence and Other Abuse within the Family
Domestic Violence Abuse by Siblings
Summary Review Questions
Endnote
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 6 The Sexual Abuse of Children
Two Groups' Approaches to Child Sexual Abuse
Child Protection Movement Feminist Movement
Definition of Child Sexual Abuse Types of Sexual Abuse
Intrafamilial Abuse Extrafamilial Abuse
The Progression of Sexual Abuse Engagement Phases Sexual Interaction and Secrecy Phases
Disclosure Phase
Suppression Phase
Incidence of Sexual Abuse Studies of Abuse Influence of Reporting on Statistics
False Allegations Movement
Profile of the Abused Child
Children at Risk Female Victims
Male Victims
Degree of Trauma Profile of the Perpetrator
Multifactor Theories Single-Factor Theories
Process Models
Who Become Perpetrators?
Female Abusers Juvenile Sexual Offenders
Summary Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 7 Incest: Familial Abuse
Incest as a Problem Today
Societal Contributions to Incest
Father-Daughter Incest
Family Patterns Profiles of the Family
Father-Son Incest
Family Dynamics Effects of Father-Son Incest
Mother-Daughter Incest
Family Dynamics Effects of Mother-Daughter Incest
Mother-Son Incest
Family Dynamics Effects of Mother-Son Incest
Brother-Sister Incest
Family Dynamics Effects of Brother-Sister Incest
Homosexual Sibling Incest
Incest with Uncles, Grandfathers, and Cousins
Why Incest Stops
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 8 Extrafamilial Sexual Abuse, Misuse, and Exploitation
Dynamics and Characteristics of Sexual Abuse outside the Family
Pedophilia
Pederasty
Sexual Abuse by Clergy
Motivation of Perpetrators Crisis in the Catholic Church
Impact on Victims
Addressing Clerical Perpetrators
Sexual Abuse in Day-Care Settings
Types of Day-Care Abuse Reactions and Resulting Changes
Sex Rings
Child Pornography, Sexual Deviance and the Internet
Child Pornography
Possessors of Child Pornography
Children at Risk
Child Prostitution
Profiles of Prostitutes
Missing Children
Summary
Endnote
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 9 Psychological Maltreatment of Children
Psychological Maltreatment Defined
The Roots of Psychological Maltreatment
Characteristics of the Psychologically Maltreated Child
Family Dynamics
Difficulty in Detecting and Treating Psychological Abuse
Ritualistic Abuse
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 10 Intervention: Reporting and Investigation
Culturally Sensitive Intervention
The Intervention Process
Reporting
Investigating and Validating
Home Visiting
Assessing Risk and Protective Factors
Children Caregivers
Perpetrators
Incidence and Environment
Assessing Causes and Services Handling Emergencies
Assessment Interviewing
Interviewing Adults Interviewing Children
Summary Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 11 Intervention: Case Management and Roles of Other Professionals
Case Management Considerations
Family Reactions Custody of the Children
Other Professionals Involved in the Intervention Process
The Medical Team
The Legal Team
The Educational Team
The Mental Health Team
The Community
Clergy and Church Staff
Toward a Total Team Approach
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 12 The Legal Response to Child Abuse and Neglect
The Legal Rights of Parents and Children
Types of Court Intervention
Juvenile Court Advantages and Disadvantages of Juvenile Court
Criminal Court
The Impact of Court on Children
Sex Offender Registration The Media and the Court
Summary
Review Questions
Endnote
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 13 Treatment: Physical Abuse and Neglect
Preparing to Provide Treatment
Providing Treatment
Client Resistance
Client Response
Eligibility Criteria
Limited Community Resources
Treatment Methods
Who Provides Treatment?
Phases
Family-Centered Services
Shared Family Care
Treatment of Physically Abusive Families
Treatment of the Abused Child
Treatment of the Parents
Improving Parent-Child Relationships
Treatment of the Siblings
Treatment of Neglectful Families
Equilibrium Maintenance
Disequilibrium Techniques
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 14 Treatment: Sexual Abuse
Issues Surrounding Treatment
Assumptions about the Treatment of the Sexually Abusive Family
Treatment Models
Child Sexual Abuse Treatment Programs
Treatment Methods
Issues Addressed in Family Treatment Phases of Treatment
Treatment of Specific Family Members
The Child and Adolescent
The Mother or Nonabusing Parent
The Perpetrator
Treatment of Juvenile Offenders
Preservation of Incestuous Families
Parents of Children Abused Outside the Home
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 15 Foster Care as a Therapeutic Tool
Problems with Foster Care Alternatives to Foster Care
Therapeutic Potential in Foster Care
The Role and Importance of the Natural Parents
The Role of Foster Parents
Other Placement for Abused or Neglected Children
Residential Treatment Adoptive Placement
Summary Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 16 The Social Worker and the System
A Day in the Life of a Protective Worker
The Role of a Protective Social Worker
Qualifications and Skills Personal Traits
Responsibilities
Frustrations and Pressures
Does the System Work?
Looking toward the Future
Surviving in an Imperfect System Developing Cultural Awareness and Competence
Summary Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 17 Adults Abused as Children
Society's Misconceptions
Myth #1 Myth #2
Myth #3
Reasons for Adults' Disclosure
Relationships Pressures of Adulthood
Loss, Depression, or Trauma
Residual Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect Effects from the Neglecting Family
Trust Anger
Relational Imbalances
Low Self-Esteem
Impaired Social Skills
Substance Abuse
Physical Problems
Effects from the Physically Abusing Family
Trust
Anger
Relational Imbalances
Low Self-Esteem
Coping Skills
Long-Term Effects of Domestic Violence
Effects from a Sexually Abusing Family
Betrayal
Traumatic Sexualization
Stigmatization and Self-Esteem
Powerlessness
Anger
Relational Imbalances
Multiple Victimization
Effects from Extrafamilial Abuse
A Word about Resiliency
Treatment of Adults Who Were Abused as Children
Repressed Memories
Individual Therapy
Group Therapy
Self-Help Groups
Writers' Groups
Legal Actions
Therapist's Responses to Working with Survivors
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 18 Prevention
Child Empowerment Models
Prevention Efforts in Schools Life Skills Training
Preparation for Parenthood
Self-Protection Training
Educational Services for the Community
Help for At-Risk Families
Parent Education Models
Evaluating Home Visitation Programs Parent/Child Screening and Prevention
Cuturally Sensitive Prevention
Prevention Efforts by Professionals
Prevention Efforts within the Community and Nationally
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References
Chapter 19 Toward a Better Tomorrow
Society, Change, and Child Protection
Rethinking Child Protection
Creating a Unified Response
Looking within, between, and beyond Agencies
Changes in Society
Reversing the Trend toward Socially Impoverished Families
Supporting Parenting
Realigning Societal Values
What will the Future Hold?
Research Needs
Summary
Review Questions
Web Exploration
References