Introduction. Who This Book Is For.
This Book's Approach to Data Communications.
1. An Overview of Data Communications.
The Importance of Data Communications.
The First Data Communications Systems.
Early Uses of Electricity.
The Telegraph.
Two-State Communications Systems.
Bits and Bytes.
Bytes and Octets.
Early Communications Codes.
Some Definitions.
Baudot Code.
Modern Codes.
A Note on the Standards Organizations.
EBCDIC.
ASCII.
The Escape Character.
Teleprinters.
Data Communications in Computing.
The 1950s.
The 1960s.
The 1970s.
The 1980s.
The 1990s.
Into the New Millennium.
Changes in the Industries.
The Portable Computer.
Communications Industry Revolution.
Emerging Technologies.
General Description of Data Communications Systems.
The Form and Content of Information.
The DTE-DCE Interface.
The Effect of Telecommunications Reform.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 1.
2. Terminal Devices.
Teleprinters.
Communications.
Terminals.
Teleprinters Versus CRT Terminals.
Serial Printers.
Impact Printers.
Nonimpact Printers.
CRT Terminals.
ASCII Terminals.
Non-ASCII Terminals.
Specialized Terminals.
Parts of a Terminal.
Ergonomics.
Keyboards.
Display Considerations.
PC Terminals.
PC Adapter Cards.
The Need for Speed.
Advantages of a PC as a Terminal.
The Ubiquitous Terminal.
Data Transmission.
Serial and Parallel Transmission.
Asynchronous Transmission.
Other Types of Transmission.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 2.
3. Messages and Transmission Channels.
Information as a Quantity.
Information Content of Symbols.
Using Redundancy in Communications.
Using Redundancy for Data Compression.
Bounded Medium.
Wire Pairs.
Coaxial Cable.
Waveguide.
Fiber-Optic Systems.
Building Cabling Standards.
Unbounded Medium.
High-Frequency Radiotelephone.
Microwave Radio.
Satellite Radiolink Systems.
Commercial Satellites.
LEOS Satellites.
Cellular Radio Systems.
Effects of Bandwidth on a Transmission Channel.
Handling Capacity of a Channel.
Intersymbol Interference.
Bandwidth Requirements for Signals.
Analog Signals.
Digital Signals.
Carrier Systems.
Using Frequency.
Using Time.
Using Pulse Code Modulation.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 3.
4. Asynchronous Modems and Interfaces.
Why Data Can't Be Transmitted Directly.
Solving the Problem with Modems.
Telephone Channel Restrictions on Modems.
Modem Interfaces.
Analog Modulation.
Sine Waves.
Low-Speed Modem Frequency Modulation Methods.
Frequency-Shift Keying.
V.21 Standard.
Bell System 212A and V.22 Modems.
V.22bis.
Modem Features.
Data Compression and the V.42bis Standard.
Bit Errors on Compressed Data.
Error Detection and Correction.
The MNP Protocol.
V.42 Recommendation.
Interface and Signaling Standards.
The RS-232 and V.24 Interface.
The Mechanical Interface.
Electrical and Functional Signals.
Subset of Signals.
Examples of RS-232 Connections.
Asynchronous Modem Control.
Nonstandard Use of the RS-232 Standard.
Limitations of RS-232.
Other Interfaces.
An Old Standby: The Current Loop.
The RS Series.
ITU X.21.
USB and FireWire Interfaces.
Asynchronous Modem Operations.
Asynchronous Autoanswer Modem.
The Full-Duplex Asynchronous Private Line Modem.
The Half-Duplex Asynchronous Private Line Modem.
Smart Modems.
Command Types.
Hayes Command Set.
Hayes Communication in Practice.
Extended Command Sets.
Modem Registers.
Viewing and Changing Modem Settings.
Extended Command Set Variances.
Extended Commands.
Modem Self Testing.
Loopback Tests.
Fax Modems.
The ITU-T T.4 Standard.
The ITU-T T.30 Standard.
Fax Modem Commands.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 4.
5. Synchronous Modems, Digital Transmission, and Service Units.
Synchronous Signaling and Standards.
A Search for Higher Data Rates.
Sending the Clock with the Data.
More Bits per Baud.
Typical Synchronous Components.
Transmitter.
Receiver Equalizer Operation.
Terminal Control Section.
Standard and Evolving Modems.
2400bps Modems.
4800bps Modems.
9600bps Modems.
ITU-T V.32 Standard.
ITU-T V.32bis Standard.
ITU-T V.33 Standard.
ITU-T V.34 Standard.
High-Speed Modems.
ITU-T V.90 Standard.
Modem Pair Operations.
Modem Limitations.
Overcoming the Speed Barrier.
ITU-T V.92 Standard.
Digital Subscriber Line Modems.
Central Office Equipment.
Signal Processing.
Discrete Multitone Modulation.
Carrierless Amplitude and Phase Modulation.
Cable Modems.
Access Control.
Digital Transmission.
Line Coding.
Repeaters.
Bipolar Violations.
Service Units.
Data Service Unit.
Channel Service Unit.
The V.35 Interface.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 5.
6. Multiplexing Techniques.
Sharing a Channel.
Frequency-Division Multiplexing.
Time-Division Multiplexing.
Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing.
STDM Operation.
Service Ratio.
Low-Speed Voice/Data Multiplexers.
Voice-Digitization Methods.
Adaptive Differential Pulse-Code Modulation (ADPCM).
Continuously Variable Slope Delta Modulation (CVSD).
Using a Voice/Data Multiplexer.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 6.
7. Fiber-Optic and Satellite Communications.
Introduction and Historical Perspective.
Fundamentals of Fiber-Optic Systems.
Snell's Law.
Fiber Composition.
Bandwidth.
Attenuation.
Numerical Aperture and Acceptance Angle.
Optical Windows.
Fiber-Optic Subsystems and Components.
Fiber Production.
Light Sources.
Light Detectors.
Transmission Systems.
Wavelength-Division Multiplexing.
Dense WDM Systems.
Other DWDM Components.
Synchronous Optical Network (SONET).
International SystemsThe SL Underwater Cable.
LAN Applications.
Fiber to the Home.
HFC and Cable Modems.
Satellite Transmission Systems.
Basic Satellite Technology.
Multiple Access Systems.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 7.
8. Protocols and Error Control.
Protocols Versus Interfaces.
Elements of a Protocol.
Teletypewriter and XMODEM Protocols.
Parity.
Echoplex.
XMODEM Protocol.
The KERMIT Protocol.
Protocol Selection.
Convolutional CodingCyclic Redundancy Checks.
Half-Duplex Protocols.
Link Protocols.
Transmission CodesCharacter Sets.
Link Control Codes.
Code Sequences.
Polling and Selection.
Error Checking.
Message Formats.
Transparent-Text Mode.
Full-Duplex Protocols.
High-Level Data Link Control Procedures.
Synchronous Data Link Control.
Digital Data Communications Message Protocol.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 8.
9. PC Communications Software.
Communications Program Features.
Operating System and Operating Environment Support.
Modem Support.
Controlling the Interface.
Flow Control.
Operating Rates.
Dialing Directory.
Dial-Up Networking.
Tailoring Dial-Up Networking for Internet Access.
HyperTerminal.
Using ProcommPlus.
Using ProcommPlus for Windows.
Viewing the Main Program Screen.
Window-Oriented Dialing Directory.
Multiple Choices.
ProcommPlus for Windows Operation.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 9.
10. WAN Architectures and Packet Networks.
The Open Systems Interconnect Reference Model.
OSI Layers.
An Analogy.
Protocol Layering.
Physical Layer.
The Data Link Layer.
The Network Layer.
Packet Networks.
Advantages of Packet Switching.
X.25 Packet Systems.
Data Link Layer.
Network Layer.
Capabilities of X.25.
LAPB Procedures.
Packet-Level Procedures.
Value-Added Services.
The X Series of Recommended Standards.
Interrelationships Between X Standards.
Frame Relay.
Congestion Control.
Recent Developments.
Networking Cost Comparison.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 10.
11. Local Area Networks.
Overview of LANs.
LANs Versus Other Techniques.
The Ideal LAN.
Major Obstacles to the Ideal LAN.
The ISO Model.
LAN Standards.
Logical Link Control (IEEE 802.2).
Additional Sublayering.
CSMA/CD (IEEE 802.3).
Token-Passing Ring Access (IEEE 802.5).
Ethernet (CSMA/CD).
Ethernet's Physical Layer.
Ethernet Physical Layer Interface.
Data Link Layer.
Ethernet Networking Configurations.
The 5-4-3 Topology Rule.
Other Ethernet Networks.
10BASE-5 Ethernet.
10BASE-2 Ethernet.
10BASE-T Ethernet.
10BROAD-36 Ethernet.
Fast Ethernet.
Physical Layer Subdivision.
100BASE-T4 Fast Ethernet.
100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet.
100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet.
Repeaters.
Gigabit Ethernet.
Media Support.
MAC Layer Operations.
Bandwidth Utilization.
10 Gigabit Ethernet.
Token-Passing LANs.
ARCnet.
IBM Token-Ring Network.
Network Expansion.
Fiber Distributed Data Interface.
Network Topology.
Network Access.
Internetworking Devices.
Bridges.
Routers.
Gateways.
LAN Switches.
LAN Switch Operation.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 11.
12. The Internet.
Evolution of the Internet.
Application Services.
Internet Access Providers.
IP Addressing.
Subnetting.
Subnet Mask.
Domain Name Service.
Address Resolution.
The Transmission Control Protocol.
The User Datagram Protocol.
The Internet Control Message Protocol.
Serial Communications Support.
The Serial Line Internet Protocol.
The Point-to-Point Protocol.
The File Transfer Protocol.
Telnet.
TN3270.
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
Navigating the Growing Web.
Evolving Internet Applications.
Voice over IP.
Virtual Private Networking.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 12.
13. ISDN.
The Road to ISDN.
ISDN Architecture.
ISDN Basic Access.
ISDN Primary Access.
ISDN Implementation Standards.
Network Characteristics.
Telephone Equipment and Network Interface.
Growth and Adaptation of ISDN.
ISDN Service.
Code Standards.
Pricing.
Applications.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 13.
14. Asynchronous Transfer Mode.
Evolution.
The Rationale for ATM and Its Underlying Technology.
Architecture.
Network Connections.
Advantages of the Technology.
Cell Routing.
The ATM Protocol Reference Model.
The Physical Layer.
The ATM Layer.
The ATM Adaptation Layer.
AAL1.
AAL2.
AAL3/4.
AAL5.
Service Definitions.
LAN Emulation.
The LAN Emulation Client.
The LAN Emulation Configuration Server.
The LAN Emulation Server.
The Broadcast and Unknown Server.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 14.
15. Wireless Transmission.
Mobile Wireless.
Mobile Communications Evolution.
Basic Mobile Communications Infrastructure.
Cellular Component Relationship.
AMPS.
TDMA.
PCS.
GSM.
CDMA.
Internet Access.
3G Networks.
Wireless LANs.
Transmission Methods.
Network Types.
Wireless LAN Service Sets.
Wireless LAN Applications.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 15.
16. Network Security.
Authorization, Authentication, and Accounting.
Computer Lockout.
Data Encryption.
Digital Certificates.
Secure Sockets Layer and S-HTTP.
Router-Based Security.
Access Lists.
Standard Access Lists.
Extended Access List.
Network Protection Via a Firewall.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 16.
17. Network Design and Management.
Network Design Goals.
Transmission Accuracy.
Timeliness.
Security.
TRIB.
Networking Devices.
Modem Sharing Devices.
Line Bridging Devices.
Modem Eliminators.
Protocol Converters.
Bridges.
LAN Switches.
Routers.
Gateways.
Interconnection of Networking Devices.
Fault Isolation.
Loopback Tests.
Data Communications Test Equipment.
Software-Based LAN Analyzers.
Restoration of Service.
Getting the Most Backup for the Money.
Rapport with Suppliers.
Escalation and Reporting Problems.
Network Management Standards.
Simple Network Management Protocol.
SNMPv2 and SNMPv3.
Remote Monitoring.
What You Have Learned.
Quiz for Chapter 17.
A. Glossary.
B. Bibliography.
C. Answers to Quizzes.
Chapter 1.
Chapter 2.
Chapter 3.
Chapter 4.
Chapter 5.
Chapter 6.
Chapter 7.
Chapter 8.
Chapter 9.
Chapter 10.
Chapter 11.
Chapter 12.
Chapter 13.
Chapter 14.
Chapter 15.
Chapter 16.
Chapter 17.
Index. 0672322161T03252002