Changing Perspectives on International Education

Changing Perspectives on International EducationEdited by Patrick O'Meara, Howard D. Mehlinger, and Roxana Ma Newman

The needs and goals for international education in the United States.

More than 40 years ago, recognizing that higher education would have to take responsibility for educating Americans about other world cultures and societies, Congress passed the National Defense Education Act (later known as the Higher Education Act). Title VI of this act has provided extensive support for foreign languages and area studies development in the nation's universities and colleges. As a result, millions of Americans have been able to acquire knowledge about other parts of the world.

Today, there are new issues, demands, and perspectives. Americans are more likely than ever to encounter different cultures, business practices, histories, ideologies, and ways of life. In addition, the United States is increasingly called upon to intervene or mediate in regional and local crises far beyond its borders.

U.S. educational institutions must continue to help citizens to have informed opinions about complex international problems. Changing Perspectives on International Education is designed to be used by administrators and planners in U.S. education. It covers the field of international studies as it has developed in the United States, from its beginnings and accomplishments under Title VI to the current paradigmatic shifts taking place in research, teaching, and outreach. A major section is devoted to internationalizing the curriculum of K-12 schools. It concludes with a look at future trends and how they may affect international scholarship and training in the new century. It also provides an extensive bibliography of international resources.

Patrick O'Meara is Dean for International Programs and Professor of Political Science and Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University.

Howard D. Mehlinger is Professor Emeritus of Education at Indiana University.

Roxana Ma Newman is Assistant Dean for International Programs at Indiana University.

ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroductionPart I. Title VI and International Studies in the United States: An OverviewKeynote Address, Walter F. MondaleAn Overview of Title VI, Ralph HinesForty Years of the Title VI and Fulbright-Hays International Education Programs: Building the Nation's International Expertise for a Global Future, David WileyDomains and Issues of International Studies, Richard D. LambertPart II. Issues in International Higher EducationArea Studies and the Discipline: A Useful Controversy? Robert H. BatesPreconception vs. Observation, or the Contributions of Rational Choice Theory and Area Studies to Contemporary Political Science, Chalmers JohnsonThe Area Studies Controversy, Mark Tessler, Jodi Nachtwey, and Anne BandaGlobalization and Area Studies: When Is Too Broad Too Narrow? Peter A. Hall and Sidney TarrowPart III. Accomplishments and Challenges in International ProgramsNational Language Needs and Capacities: A Recommendation for Action, Richard D. Brecht and A. Ronald WaltonInternational Outreach for the New Millennium, John D. MetzlerResearch Libraries in a Global Context, Jutta Reed-ScottChanging U.S. Business Needs for International Expertise, Richard W. Moxon, Elizabeth A.C. O'Shea, Mollie Brown, and Christopher M. EscherOverview, Richard LymanCampus Developments in Response to Challenges for Internationalization: The Case of Ramapo College of New Jersey (USA), Robert A. ScottStudy Abroad and Foreign Language Programs, Barbara B. BurnThe Internationalization of Higher Education, Seth Spaulding, James Mauch, and Lin LinPart IV. International Education and Global Studies in Elementary and Secondary SchoolsThe Challenge of a Global Age, Jan L. Tucker and Anna M. EvansAn Attainable Global Perspective, Robert G. HanveyGuidelines for Global and International Studies Education: Challenges, Cultures, and Connections, H. Thomas Collins, Frederick R. Czarra, and Andrew F. SmithPedagogy for Global Perspectives in Education: Studies of Teachers' Thinking and Practice, Merry M. MerryfieldPart V. Trends for the FutureThe Future of Area Studies, David E. AlbrightThe Future of International Studies, David M. TrubekCrossing Borders: The Case for Area Studies, Toby Alice VolkmanThe Future of International Research, Kenneth PrewittHigher Education's Role in Developing Human Resources; The Stakeholders: An Agenda for Action, American Council on EducationPart VI. International ResourcesGuide to Selected International Resources, Robert Goehlert and Anthony Stamatoplos

More than 40 years ago, recognizing that higher education would have to take responsibility for educating Americans about other world cultures and societies, Congress passed the National Defense Education Act (later known as the Higher Education Act). Title VI of this act has provided extensive support for foreign languages and area studies development in the nation's universities and colleges. As a result, millions of Americans have been able to acquire knowledge about other parts of the world.

Today, there are new issues, demands, and perspectives. Americans are more likely than ever to encounter different cultures, business practices, histories, ideologies, and ways of life. In addition, the United States is increasingly called upon to intervene or mediate in regional and local crises far beyond its borders.

U.S. educational institutions must continue to help citizens to have informed opinions about complex international problems. Changing Perspectives on International Education is designed to be used by administrators and planners in U.S. education. It covers the field of international studies as it has developed in the United States, from its beginnings and accomplishments under Title VI to the current paradigmatic shifts taking place in research, teaching, and outreach. A major section is devoted to internationalizing the curriculum of K-12 schools. It concludes with a look at future trends and how they may affect international scholarship and training in the new century. It also provides an extensive bibliography of international resources.

More than 40 years ago, recognizing that higher education would have totake responsibility for educating Americans about other world cultures andsocieties, Congress passed the National Defense Education Act (later known as theHigher Education Act). Title VI of this act has provided extensive support forforeign languages and area studies development in the nation's universities andcolleges. As a result, millions of Americans have been able to acquire knowledgeabout other parts of the world.

Today, there are new issues, demands, and perspectives. Americans are more likely than ever to encounterdifferent cultures, business practices, histories, ideologies, and ways of life. Inaddition, the United States is increasingly called upon to intervene or mediate inregional and local crises far beyond its borders.

U.S. educationalinstitutions must continue to help citizens to have informed opinions about complexinternational problems. Changing Perspectives on International Education is designedto be used by administrators and planners in U.S. education. It covers the field ofinternational studies as it has developed in the United States, from its beginningsand accomplishments under Title VI to the current paradigmatic shifts taking placein research, teaching, and outreach. A major section is devoted tointernationalizing the curriculum of K-12 schools. It concludes with a look atfuture trends and how they may affect international scholarship and training in thenew century. It also provides an extensive bibliography of internationalresources.

Includes bibliographical references (p. [351]-406) and index.

Patrick O'Meara is Dean for International Programs and Professor of Political Science and Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University.

Howard D. Mehlinger is Professor Emeritus of Education at Indiana University.

Roxana Ma Newman is Assistant Dean for International Programs at Indiana University.

Preface

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Part I. Title VI and International Studies in the United States: An Overview

Keynote Address, Walter F. Mondale

An Overview of Title VI, Ralph Hines

Forty Years of the Title VI and Fulbright-Hays International Education Programs: Building the Nation's International Expertise for a Global Future, David Wiley

Domains and Issues of International Studies, Richard D. Lambert

Part II. Issues in International Higher Education

Area Studies and the Discipline: A Useful Controversy?, Robert H. Bates

Preconception vs. Observation, or the Contributions of Rational Choice Theory and Area Studies to Contemporary Political Science, Chalmers Johnson

The Area Studies Controversy, Mark Tessler, Jodi Nachtwey, and Anne Banda

Globalization and Area Studies: When is Too Broad Too Narrow?, Peter A. Hall and Sidney Tarrow

Part III. Accomplishments and Challenges in International Programs

National Language Needs and Capacities: A Recommendation for Action, Richard D. Brecht and A. Ronald Walton

International Outreach for the New Millennium, John D. Metzler

Research Libraries in a Global Context, Jutta Reed-Scott

Changing U.S. Business Needs for International Expertise, Richard W. Moxon, Elizabeth A.C. O'Shea, Mollie Brown, and Christopher M. Escher

Overview, Richard Lyman

Campus Developments in Response to Challenges for Internationalization: The Case of Ramapo College of New Jersey (USA), Robert A. Scott

Study Abroad and Foreign Language Programs, Barbara B. Burn

The Internationalization of Higher Education, Seth Spaulding, James Mauch, and Lin Lin

Part IV. International Education and Global Studies in Elementary and Secondary Schools

The Challenge of a Global Age, Jan L. Tucker and Anna M. Evans

An Attainable Global Perspective, Robert G. Hanvey

Guidelines for Global and International Studies Education: Challenges, Cultures, and Connections, H. Thomas Collins, Frederick R. Czarra, and Andrew F. Smith

Pedagogy for Global Perspectives in Education: Studies of Teachers' Thinking and Practice, Merry M. Merryfield

Part V. Trends for the Future

The Future of Area Studies, David E. Albright

The Future of International Studies, David M. Trubek

Crossing Borders: The Case for Area Studies, Toby Alice Volkman

The Future of International Research, Kenneth Prewitt

Higher Education's Role in Developing Human Resources; The Stakeholders: An Agenda for Action, American Council on Education

Part VI. International Resources

Guide to Selected International Resources, Robert Goehlert and Anthony Stamatoplos