Synopses & Reviews
Lectin Methods and Protocols brings together a comprehensive collection of optimized methods for using lectins in biomedical research. The techniques-fine-tuned by the researchers who developed them-apply lectins to the analysis of carbohydrates, to the isolation and quantification of glycoproteins, and to living cells. Also included are step-by-step methods for the separation of human bone marrow cells for clinical use, for the assessment of the biological effects of plant lectins, and for the use of light and electron microscopy in analyzing carbohydrate structures. Taken together, the methods detailed here offer extremely useful tools for examining structural changes in glycosylation and their functional consequences for human pathophysiology Lectin Methods and Protocols provides invaluable, easily reproducible techniques suitable for application to a wide range of important biomedical problems. The book will immediately become the standard practical resource and guide to lectin techniques for today's biomedical researchers.
Synopsis
-- Offers powerful tools to determine the structure and function of glycoproteins
-- Details applications in lectin histochemistry, cytochemistry, and electron microscopy
-- Covers lectin blotting and sequential degradation for oligosaccharide analysis
-- Provides needed methods for purification and detection of altered glycosylation
-- Reviews biological effects of lectins on mammalian cells
-- Includes an appendix with the known specifications of all lectins discussed that includes carbohydrate structure and function
Synopsis
A comprehensive collection of optimized methods for using lectins in biomedical research. The techniques-fine-tuned by the researchers who developed them-apply lectins to the analysis of carbohydrates, to the isolation and quantification of glycoproteins, and to living cells. Also included are detailed methods for the separation of human bone marrow cells for clinical use, for the assessment of the biological effects of plant lectins, and for the use of light and electron microscopy in analyzing carbohydrate structures. Extremely useful tools for examining structural changes in glycosylation and their functional consequences for human pathophysiology.
Table of Contents
Part I. Lectin Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. A. Light Microscopy. Light Microscopy: Overview and Basic Methods, Anthony J. Leathem and Susan A. Brooks. Avidin-Biotin Amplifications on Araldite-Embedded Sections, Robert W. Stoddart and Carolyn J. P. Jones. Lectin-Gold Histochemistry on Paraffin and Lowicryl K4M Sections using Biotin and Digoxigenin-Conjugated Lectins, Juergen Roth, Christian Zuber, Tetsutaro Sata, and Wei-ping Li. Use of Fluorochrome-Labeled Lectins in Light Microscopy, Udo Schumacher and Barry S. Mitchell. The Use of Lectins in Combination with Enzymatic Digestion for the Study of Glycoconjugates in Cartilage, Sibylle Hoedt-Schmidt. Applications of Lectin Histochemistry and Cytochemistry in Diagnosis and Prognosis, Timothy Richard Helliwell. B. Electron Microscopy. Electron Microscopy: Use of Lectin-Peroxidase Prior to Embedding, Adi Ellinger. Use of Lectin-Gold After Embedding, Reiner Herken and Berti Manshausen. Amplification of Lectin-Gold Histochemistry, Juan F. Madrid, Francisco Hernandez, and José Ballesta. Electron Microscopic Methods for the Demonstration of Lectin-Binding Sites in Cancer Cell Lines, Bruce S. Mitchell and Udo Schumacher. Part II. Use of Lectins for Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharide Chains. Application of Sequential Smith Degradation to Lectin Blots, Chi Kong Ching. Blot Analysis with Lectin for the Evaluation of Glycoproteins in Cultured Cells and Tissues, Christian Zuber, Wei-ping Li, and Jürgen Roth. Characterization of HIV gp120 Envelope Glycoprotein by Lectin Analysis, Gregers J. Gram and John-Erik Stig Hansen. Use of Lectins for Characterization of O-Linked Glycans of Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoproteins, Sigvard Olofsson and Anders Bolmstedt. Part III. Lectins for Detection of Altered Glycosylation of Circulating Glycoproteins. Use of Lectin for Detection of Agalactosyl IgG, Naoyuki Tsuchiya, Tamao Endo, Naohisa Kochibe, Koji Ito, and Akira Kobata. Lectins for Detection of Altered Glycosylation of Circulating Glycoproteins: a-1 Antitrypsin, Yutaka Aoyagi and Hitoshi Asakura. a-Fetoprotein Using Lectin-Affinity Electrophoresis, Kazuhisa Taketa, Miao Liu, and Hiroko Taga. Use of Lectin-Affinity Electrophoresis for Quantification and Characterization of Glycoforms of a-I Acid Glycoprotein, Thorkild C. Bøg-Hansen. ABO(H) Blood Group Expression on Circulating Glycoproteins, Taei Matsui and Koiti Titani. Part IV. Use of Lectins in Quantification of Soluble Glycoproteins. Lectin/Antibody "Sandwich" ELISA for Quantification of Circulating Mucin as a Diagnostic Test for Pancreatic Cancer, Neil Parker. Quantification of Intestinal Mucins, Jeremy D. Milton and Jonathan M. Rhodes. Part V. Lectins in Affinity Purification of Soluble Glycoproteins. Purification and Characterization of Human Serum and Secretory IgA1 and IgA2 Using Jacalin, Michael A. Kerr, Lesley M. Loomes, Brian C. Bonner, Amy B. Hutchings, and Bernard W. Senior. Use of Lectins in Affinity Purification of HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins, Gustav Gilljam. T-Cell Receptor Purification, Kelly P. Kearse. Part VI. Lectins in Flow Cytometry. Use of Monomeric, Monovalent Lectin Derivatives for Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Surface Glucoconjugates, Hanae Kaku and Naoto Shibuya. Analysis of Subcellular Components by Fluorescent-Lectin Binding and Flow Cytometry, Rosa M. Guasch and José-Enrique O'Connor. Part VII. Lectins as Tools for Cell Purification/Purging. Lectins as Tools for Purification of Liver Endothelial Cells, Daniel E. Gomez and Unnur P. Thorgeirsson. The Use of Soybean Agglutinin (SBA) for Bone Marrow (BM) Purging and Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Enrichment in Clinical Bone Marrow Transplantation, Arnon Nagler, Shoshana Morecki, and Shimon Slavin. Combined Lectin/Monoclonal Antibody Purging of Bone Marrow for Use in Conjunction with Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma, Elizabeth G. H. Rhodes. Part VIII. Effects of Lectins on Mammalian Cells. Mechanisms and Assessment of Mitogenesis-An Overview, David C. Kilpatrick. Mitogenic Effects of Lectins on Epithelial Cells, Lu-Gang Yu and Jonathan M. Rhodes. Use of Lectins as Mitogens for Lymphocytes, David C. Kilpatrick. Effect of Lectins on Uptake of Polyamines, Susan Bardocz and Ann White. Effects of Lectins on Cytoskeletal Organization in Mammalian Cells, Paolo Carinci, Ennio Becchetti, and Maria Bodo. Effect of Lectins on Protein Kinase Activity, Kiyonao Sada and Hirohei Yamamura. Lectin-Induced Calcium Mobilization in Human Platelets: Use of Fluorescent Probes, Giuseppe Ramaschi and Mauro Torti. Lectin-Triggered Superoxide/H2O2 and Granule Enzyme Release from Cells, Alexander V. Timoshenko, Klaus Kayser, and Hans-Joachim Gabius. Cytotoxic Effects of Lectins, Elieser Gorelik. Application of the Lectin-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytoxicity Assay to Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Venous Blood Samples Collected from Canine Lung Allografts, Allan G. L. Lee and Hani A. Shennib. Part IX. Effects of Lectins in Organ Culture. The Effect of Lectins on Crypt Cell Proliferation in Organ Culture, Stephen D. Ryder. Part X. Effects of Lectin Ingestion. Effects of Lectin Ingestion on Animal Growth and Internal Organs, Arpad Pusztai. Lectin Ingestion: Changes in Mucin Secretion and Bacterial Adhesion to Intestinal Tissue, Howard Ceri, John G. Banwell, and Rixun Fang. Assessment of Lectin Inactivation by Heat and Digestion, Arpad Pusztai and George Grant. Part XI. Lectins in the Investigation of Neuronal Trafficking. Use of Lectins as Transganglionic Neuronal Tracers in the Study of Unmyelinated Primary Sensory Neurons, Mark B. Plenderleith and Peter J. Snow. Part XII. Use of Lectins in the Investigation of Pathogen-Host Interactions. Lectin Inhibition of Bacterial Adhesion to Animal Cells, Murray W. Stinson and Jen Ren Wang. Inhibition of HIV Infection by Lectin Binding to CD4, Jean Favero and Virginie Lafont. Inhibition of HIV Infection by Lectin Binding to gp120, Theresa Animashaun and Naheed Mahmood. Part XIII. Use of Lectins for Drug Delivery. Absorption Enhancement by Lectin-Mediated Endo- and Transcytosis, Ellen Haltner, Gerrit Borchard, and Claus-Michael Lehr. The Use of Lectins for Liposome Targeting in Drug Delivery, Michael Kaszuba and Malcolm N. Jones. Appendix-List of Lectins and Binding Structures. Index.