A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “Enduring with Dignity: Akua’s Surviving Children” by Leanna Stoufer
Commentary
Activities: Description
Mario Suárez EL HOYO
The truth of the old adage “beauty lies in the eye of the beholder” is illustrated in this description of the place the author calls home. While his barrio may be considered unattractive by outsiders, it is beautiful to Mario Suárez because of the people who live there and the culture they embrace.
Figure 3.2 Essay Structure Diagram: ”El Hoyo” by Mario Suárez
David Helvarg THE STORM THIS TIME
Three weeks after Hurricane Katrina, an environmentalist tours New
Orleans and the Gulf Coast to assess damage and the prospects for recovery.
Cherokee Paul McDonald A VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE
A chance encounter with a young boy turns into an experience the narrator will never forget–one that changes the way he sees the world.
Additional Writing Topics
4 NARRATION
What Is Narration? How Narration Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Narration in an Essay
Figure 4.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Narration Essay
Revision Strategies
NARRATION: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “Letters from Dad” by Laura Rose Dunn
Commentary
Activities: Narration
Audre Lorde THE FOURTH OF JULY
On a Fourth of July trip to the nation’s capital, a family is confronted by an ugly truth about American life.
Figure 4.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “The Fourth of July” by Audre Lorde
Lynda Barry THE SANCTUARY OF SCHOOL
For the narrator of this story, school served as much more than a place to attain an education. As is true for many children, school provided a desperately needed escape from an unhappy home where she was often overlooked.
Joan Murray SOMEONE'S MOTHER
A woman gives a ride to a 90-year-old hitchhiker who can't remember where she lives but doesn't want her son to find out she's lost again.
Additional Writing Topics
5 EXEMPLIFICATION
What Is Exemplification? How Exemplification Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Exemplification in an Essay 1
Figure 5.1 Development Diagram: Writing an Exemplification Essay
Revision Strategies
EXEMPLIFICATION: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “ Professors Open Up About the Benefits of a College Degree” by Charlene Adams
Commentary
Activities: Exemplification
Kay S. Hymowitz TWEENS: TEN GOING ON SIXTEEN
Where have all the children gone? According to Hymowitz, they’ve been hijacked by a culture that urges them to become teenagers at ten. From clothes and hairstyles to sex, drugs, and violence, today’s “tweens” are hurled prematurely into the adult world.
Figure 5.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Tweens: Ten Going On Sixteen” by Kay S. Hymowitz
Temple Grandin SEEING IN BEAUTIFUL, PRECISE PICTURES
While many think of autism as a disability, the author and educator Temple Grandin considers the condition an asset that allows her to see the world in a way that would not be possible if she were “normal.”
Brent Staples BLACK MEN AND PUBLIC SPACE
Staples describes his own experiences as a black man being avoided in public spaces because of his race.
Additional Writing Topics
6 DIVISION-CLASSIFICATION
What Is Division-Classification? How Division-Classification Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Division-Classification in an Essay
Figure 6.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Division-Classification Essay
Revision Strategies
DIVISION-CLASSIFICATION: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “The Benchers, the Nappers, the Jellyfish, and the Musicians” by Catherine Gispert
Commentary
Activities: Division-Classification
Amy Tan MOTHER TONGUE
The author explores the different kinds of English that she uses and how they were shaped by the English her Chinese mother spoke.
Figure 6.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Mother Tongue” by Amy Tan
David Brooks PSST! “HUMAN CAPITAL”
Human capital, necessary for a just, prosperous society, is more than skills and knowledge. It includes cultural, social, moral, cognitive, and aspirational capital.
Bianca Bosker HOW TEENS ARE REALLY USING FACEBOOK: IT’S A “SOCIAL BURDEN,” PEW STUDY FINDS
The author discusses a Pew Research Center report that reveals how teens are tiring of Facebook and turning to other social networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram, and Tumblr to stay constantly connected to each other.
Additional Writing Topics
7 PROCESS ANALYSIS
What Is Process Analysis? How Process Analysis Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Process Analysis in an Essay
Figure 7.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Process Analysis Essay
Revision Strategies
PROCESS ANALYSIS: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “Don’t Write Poetry–Be a Poet” by Jared Mosley
Commentary 29
Activities: Process Analysis 293
Amy Sutherland WHAT SHAMU TAUGHT ME ABOUT A HAPPY MARRIAGE 38
The writer rids her husband of some of his annoying habits by using an animal training technique; at the end, he’s using the same technique on her
Figure 7.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “What Shamu Taught Me About A Happy Marriage” by Amy Sutherland
Alex Horton ON GETTING BY
After serving in the U.S. military in Iraq and returning to college at Georgetown University, Alex Horton offers advice that can help other student veterans as they cope with college life and gives non-veterans insight into the challenges veterans face.
Paul Roberts HOW TO SAY NOTHING IN 5 WORDS
An English professor analyzes a student essay, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing.
Additional Writing Topics
8 COMPARISON-CONTRAST
What Is Comparison-Contrast?
How Comparison-Contrast Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Comparison-Contrast in an Essay
Figure 8.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Comparison-Contrast Essay
Revision Strategies
COMPARISON-CONTRAST: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “Buying a Cross-Country Mountain Bike” by Blake Norman
Commentary
Activities: Comparison-Contrast
Eric Weiner EUROMAIL AND AMERIMAIL — Cite 27
The author compares e-mail styles and strategies in America and Europe–and declares a preference for one over the other.
Figure 8.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Euromail and Amerimail” by Eric Weiner
Josie Appleton THE BODY PIERCING PROJECT
Josie Appleton explores the diminishing taboo associated with tattoos and body piercings and compares the various reasons many individuals of all ages and from all walks of life use these procedures to modify their bodies.
Dave Barry BEAUTY AND THE BEAST
Why do men tend to be unconcerned about their appearance while women seem obsessed with how they look? Humorist Dave Barry advances an interesting theory
Additional Writing Topics
9 CAUSE-EFFECT
What Is Cause-Effect? How Cause-Effect Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Cause-Effect in an Essay
Figure 9.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Cause-Effect Essay
Revision Strategies
CAUSE-EFFECT: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “Party with a Purpose” by Erica Zwieg
Commentary
Activities: Cause-Effect
Jane S. Shaw NATURE IN THE SUBURBS
Is urban sprawl wiping out wildlife? Shaw explains how many wild animal species are finding new living environments in the expansion of suburbs.
Figure 9.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Nature in the Suburbs” by Jane S. Shaw
Jacques D’Amboise SHOWING WHAT IS POSSIBLE
By taking control of one’s body, this celebrated dancer explains, it is possible to take control of one’s life.
Juan Williams THE RULING THAT CHANGED AMERICA
Williams explores the effects on American society of the landmark Brown v. Board of Education ruling.
Additional Writing Topics
10 DEFINITION
What Is Definition? How Definition Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Definition in an Essay
Figure 1.1 Development Diagram: Writing a Definition Essay
Revision Strategies
DEFINITION: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: “Tweet, Tweedle-lee-dee (118 Characters Left)" by Olivia Fletcher
Commentary
Activities: Definition
Ann Hulbert BEYOND THE PLEASURE PRINCIPLE
The attitudes and values of “Gen Nexters”–those 18 to 25–seem contradictory, but perhaps they actually do make sense.
Figure 1.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Beyond the Pleasure Principle” by Ann Hulbert
Keith Johnson WHO’S A PIRATE? IN COURT, A DUEL OVER DEFINITIONS
Although piracy has long been considered a crime, there is no complete explanation in U.S. law of what exactly piracy entails. So who, then, is a pirate?
Laura Fraser THE INNER CORSET
This selection explores the changing definition of female beauty, from the days when big was considered beautiful to the present, when “nothing tastes as good as skinny feels” is the prevailing mantra.
Additional Writing Topics
11 ARGUMENTATION-PERSUASION
What Is Argumentation-Persuasion? How Argumentation-Persuasion Fits Your Purpose and Audience
Strategies for Using Argumentation-Persuasion in an Essay
Figure 11.1 Development Diagram: Writing an Argumentation-Persuasion Essay
QUESTIONS FOR USING TOULMIN LOGIC: A CHECKLIST
Revision Strategies
ARGUMENTATION-PERSUASION: A REVISION/PEER REVIEW CHECKLIST
Student Essay: It’s About Time, Augusta by Lydia Gumm
Commentary
Activities: Argumentation-Persuasion
Stanley Fish FREE-SPEECH FOLLIES
A noted scholar explores the difference between invoking the First Amendment and simply exercising good judgment in academic settings.
Figure 11.2 Essay Structure Diagram: “Free-Speech Follies” by Stanley Fish
Wendell Berry FARMING AND THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
The author believes that in order for farming to be sustainable, it must follow practices set by ecosystems and human communities, not set by the industrial system.
Examining an Issue: Government Regulation to Help Control Obesity and Related Diseases
Michael Marlow & Sherzod Abdukadirov GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION WILL NOT SOLVE OUR OBESITY PROBLEM
As leading researchers, Marlow and Abdukadirov make the argument that there is no easy answer to the issue of obesity in the United States and that individuals–not governments–must take the initiative in combating this serious issue.
Mark Bittman WHAT CAUSES WEIGHT GAIN
Food columnist and popular TV personality Mark Bittman takes a stand against hyperprocessed food that he believes is making Americans obese, advocating for government programs to help Americans gain control of their eating habits.
Examining an Issue: Organ Donation
Alexander T. Tabarrok A MORAL SOLUTION TO THE ORGAN SHORTAGE
To encourage people to donate organs, the author proposes limiting the receipt of donated organs to only those who agree to donate themselves.
Virginia Postrel NEED TRANSPLANT DONORS? PAY THEM
Paying people who donate organs is one solution to the shortage of organs available for transplants.
Additional Writing Topics
12 COMBINING THE PATTERNS
The Patterns in Action: During the Writing Process The Patterns in Action: In an Essay
Student Essay: “Dating Then and Now: A Convoluted Mess” by Houston Barber
Hillary Rodham Clinton REMARKS TO THE U.N. 4TH WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN PLENARY SESSION
Hillary Rodham Clinton, considered by many to be the leading female political figure in the United States, makes an impassioned plea for women’s rights around the globe.
Martin Luther King, Jr. WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE: CHAOS OR COMMUNITY?
America’s most influential civil rights leader pleads eloquently for a drastic change in the way that governments pursue world peace.
Joan Didion MARRYING ABSURD
Essayist Didion turns her curious gaze on the wedding industry of Las Vegas, a city created to gratify the illusions of hopeful gamblers, whether at the roulette wheel or in love.
APPENDIX A: A GUIDE TO USING SOURCES
Evaluating Source Materials EVALUATING ARTICLES AND BOOKS: A CHECKLIST
EVALUATING INTERNET MATERIALS: A CHECKLIST
Analyzing and Synthesizing Source Material
ANALYZING AND SYNTHESIZING SOURCE MATERIAL: A CHECKLIST
Using Quotation, Summary, and Paraphrasing Without Plagiarizing
USING QUOTATION, SUMMARY, AND PARAPHRASE: A CHECKLIST
Avoiding Plagiarism
Integrating Sources into Your Writing
INTEGRATING SOURCES INTO YOUR WRITING: A CHECKLIST
Documenting Sources: MLA Style
How to Document: MLA In-Text References
USING MLA PARENTHETICAL REFERENCES: A CHECKLIST
How to Document: MLA List of Works Cited
Citing Print Sources–Books
Citing Print Sources–Periodicals
Citing Sources Found on a Website
Citing Sources Found Through an Online Database or Scholarly Project
Citing Other Common Sources
APPENDIX B: AVOIDING TEN COMMON WRITING ERRORS
1 Fragments 2 Comma Splices and Run-ons
3 Faulty Subject-Verb Agreement
4 Faulty Pronoun Agreement
5 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
6 Faulty Parallelism
7 Comma Misuse
8 Apostrophe Misuse
9 Confusing Homonyms
1 Misuse of Italics and Underlining
Glossary
Acknowledgments
Index
THEMATIC CONTENTS
Communication and Language
Mario Suárez, El Hoyo • Amy Tan, Mother Tongue • Jane Maher, Girl • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • Bianca Bosker, How Teens Are Really Using Facebook • Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Alex Horton, On Getting By • Paul Roberts, How to Say Nothing in 500 Words • Eric Weiner, Euromail and Amerimail • Dave Barry, Beauty and the Beast • Juan Williams, The Ruling That Changed America • Ann Hulbert, Beyond the Pleasure Principle • Stanley Fish, Free-Speech Follies • Michael Marlow and Sherzod Abdukadirov, Government Intervention Will Not Solve Our Obesity Problem • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session
Education and Work
Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • David Brooks, Psst! “Human Capital” • Alex Horton, On Getting By • Paul Roberts, How to Say Nothing in 500 Words • Eric Weiner, Euromail and Amerimail • Jacques D’Amboise, Showing What Is Possible • Juan Williams, The Ruling That Changed America • Stanley Fish, Free-Speech Follies • Wendell Berry, Farming and the Global Economy • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session
Ethics and Morality
Ellen Goodman, Family Counterculture • Mario Suárez, El Hoyo • Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • Jane Maher, Girl • Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • David Brooks, Psst! “Human Capital” • Alex Horton, On Getting By • Juan Williams, The Ruling That Changed America • Ann Hulbert, Beyond the Pleasure Principle • Wendell Berry, Farming and the Global Economy • Michael Marlow and Sherzod Abdukadirov, Government Intervention Will Not Solve Our Obesity Problem • Mark Bittman, What Causes Weight Gain • Alexander T. Tabarrok, A Moral Solution to the Organ Shortage • Virginia Postrel, Need Transplant Donors? Pay Them • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session • Martin Luther King, Jr., Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?
Family and Children
Ellen Goodman, Family Counterculture • Cherokee Paul McDonald, A View from the Bridge • Audre Lorde, The Fourth of July • Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • Jane Maher, Girl • Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen • Amy Tan, Mother Tongue • Bianca Bosker, How Teens Are Really Using Facebook • Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Jacques D’Amboise, Showing What Is Possible • Ann Hulbert, Beyond the Pleasure Principle • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session
Government and Law
Audre Lorde, The Fourth of July • Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • David Brooks, Psst! “Human Capital” • Stephen Chapman, The Prisoner’s Dilemma • Juan Williams, The Ruling That Changed America • Keith Johnson, Who’s a Pirate? In Court, a Duel over Definitions • Stanley Fish, Free-Speech Follies • Wendell Berry, Farming and the Global Economy • Michael Marlow and Sherzod Abdukadirov, Government Intervention Will Not Solve Our Obesity Problem • Mark Bittman, What Causes Weight Gain • Alexander T. Tabarrok, A Moral Solution to the Organ Shortage • Virginia Postrel, Need Transplant Donors? Pay Them • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session • Martin Luther King, Jr., Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?
Health and Psychology
Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • Amy Tan, Mother Tongue • Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Josie Appleton, The Body Piercing Project • Laura Fraser, The Inner Corset • Michael Marlow and Sherzod Abdukadirov, Government Intervention Will Not Solve Our Obesity Problem • Mark Bittman, What Causes Weight Gain • Alexander T. Tabarrok, A Moral Solution to the Organ Shortage • Virginia Postrel, Need Transplant Donors? Pay Them • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session
Human Groups and Society
Ellen Goodman, Family Counterculture • Mario Suárez, El Hoyo • David Helvarg, The Storm This Time • Audre Lorde, The Fourth of July • Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • Brent Staples, Black Men and Public Space • David Brooks, Psst! “Human Capital” • Bianca Bosker, How Teens Are Really Using Facebook • Alex Horton, On Getting By • Eric Weiner, Euromail and Amerimail • Josie Appleton, The Body Piercing Project • Dave Barry, Beauty and the Beast • Ann Hulbert, Beyond the Pleasure Principle • Keith Johnson, Who’s a Pirate? In Court, a Duel over Definitions • Laura Fraser, The Inner Corset • Wendell Berry, Farming and the Global Economy • Michael Marlow & Sherzod Abdukadirov, Government Intervention Will Not Solve Our Obesity Problem • Mark Bittman, What Causes Weight Gain • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session • Martin Luther King, Jr., Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? • Joan Didion, Marrying Absurd
Humor and Satire
Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Paul Roberts, How to Say Nothing in 500 Words • Dave Barry, Beauty and the Beast • Meaning In Life Mario Suárez, El Hoyo • Cherokee Paul McDonald, A View from the Bridge • Audre Lorde, The Fourth of July • Jane Maher, Girl • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • Josie Appleton, The Body Piercing Project • Jacques D’Amboise, Showing What Is Possible • Ann Hulbert, Beyond the Pleasure Principle • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session • Joan Didion, Marrying Absurd
Media and Technology
Ellen Goodman, Family Counterculture • David Helvarg, The Storm This Time • Kay S. Hymowitz, Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen • Bianca Bosker, How Teens Are Really Using Facebook • Eric Weiner, Euromail and Amerimail • Dave Barry, Beauty and the Beast • Stanley Fish, Free-Speech Follies
Memories and Autobiography
Mario Suárez, El Hoyo • Cherokee Paul McDonald, A View from the Bridge • Audre Lorde, The Fourth of July • Lynda Barry, The Sanctuary of School • Jane Maher, Girl • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • Amy Tan, Mother Tongue • Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Alex Horton, On Getting By • Jacques D’Amboise, Showing What Is Possible • Joan Didion, Marrying Absurd
Men and Women
Jane Maher, Girl • Brent Staples, Black Men and Public Space • Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Dave Barry, Beauty and the Beast • Laura Fraser, The Inner Corset • Hillary Rodham Clinton, Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women Plenary Session
Nature and Science
David Helvarg, The Storm This Time • Temple Grandin, Seeing in Beautiful, Precise Pictures • Amy Sutherland, What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage • Jane S. Shaw, Nature in the Suburbs • Laura Fraser, The Inner Corset • Michael Marlow and Sherzod Abdukadirov, Government Intervention Will Not Solve Our Obesity Problem • Mark Bittman, What Causes Weight Gain • Alexander T. Tabarrok, A Moral Solution to the Organ Shortage • Virginia Postrel, Need Transplant Donors? Pay Them