Synopses & Reviews
To diminish the threat of a rapidly changing climate, emissions of CO2 should be reduced. One way to reduce these emissions is CO2 removal -- the recovery of carbon dioxide from energy conversion processes and storage outside the atmosphere. This book, authored by one of the pioneers in this field, gives an extensive description of three methods of capturing CO2 from flue gases of a conventional coal-fired power plant and two methods that are based on the modification of an integrated coal gasifier combined cycle plant. The present state of the technology is described and optimized recovery designs are presented. Energy use is calculated in detail and elaborate cost calculations are given. In the last chapter, global storage potentials and costs of CO2 in aquifers, empty natural gas, and oil fields, are discussed.
Synopsis
1. 1. Greenhouse gas emissions and climate change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. 1. 1. Emissions and concentrations of greenhouse gases 3 1. 1. 2. Impact of increasing greenhouse gases concentration 4 1. 2. Options to reduce carbon dioxide emissions 5 1. 2. 1. Carbon dioxide removal 8 1. 3. Scope of the thesis 10 1. 4. Outline of the thesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1. 4. 1. General evaluation method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1. 4. 2. Some notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 II. Simulation and optimization of carbon dioxide recovery from the flue gases of a coal-fired power plant using amines 14 Abstract 19 2. 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2. 2. The chemical absorption process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2. 2. 1. General process description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2. 2. 2. Types of absorbent 23 2. 2. 3. Effects of flue gas contaminants 24 2. 3. Simulation of the scrubber in ASPEN PLUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2. 3. 1. ASPEN PLUS for flow sheet simulation 26 2. 3. 2. Simulation of the performance for the base-case design . . 26 the scrubber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2. 3. 3. Optimization of 2. 3. 4. Design and results 32 2. 3. 5. Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2. 4. Integration of the scrubber in the power plant 35 2. 4. 1. Power loss caused by steam extraction 36 2. 4. 2. Power saved by avoiding preheating boiler feed water . . . 38 2. 4. 3. Power consumption by the carbon dioxide scrubber . . . . . 38 2. 4. 4. Power consumption for carbon dioxide compression . . . . . 38 2. 4. 5. Calculation of plant efficiency losses " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2. 5.
Table of Contents
Abbreviations. I. Introduction. II. Simulation and Optimization of Carbon Dioxide Recovery from the Flue Gases of a Coal-Fired Power Plant Using Amines. III. Carbon Dioxide Recovery from Flue Gases of a Conventional Coal-Fired Power Plant Using Polymer Membranes. IV. Carbon Dioxide Recovery from Flue Gases of a Conventional Coal-Fired Power Plant by Low-Temperature Distillation. V. Carbon Dioxide Recovery from an Integrated Coal Gasifier Combined Cycle Plant Using a Shift Reactor and a Scrubber. VI. Carbon Dioxide Recovery from an Integrated Coal Gasifier, Combined Cycle Plant Using Membrane Separation and a CO2 Gas Turbine. VII. Underground Storage of Carbon Dioxide. VIII. Summary and Conclusions. Index.