Synopses & Reviews
MTDSC provides a step-change increase in the power of calorimetry to characterize virtually all polymer systems including curing systems, blends and semicrystalline polymers. It enables hidden transitions to be revealed, miscibility to be accurately assessed, and phases and interfaces in complex blends to be quantified. It also enables crystallinity in complex systems to be measured and provides new insights into melting behaviour. All of this is achieved by a simple modification of conventional DSC. In 1992 a new calorimetric technique was introduced that superimposed a small modulation on top of the conventional linear temperature program typically used in differential scanning calorimetry. This was combined with a method of data analysis that enabled the sample's response to the linear component of the temperature program to be separated from its response to the periodic component. In this way, for the first time, a signal equivalent to that of conventional DSC was obtained simultaneously with a measure of the sample's heat capacity from the modulation. The new information this provided sparked a revolution in scanning calorimetry by enabling new insights to be gained into almost all aspects of polymer characteristics. This book provides both a basic and advanced treatment of the theory of the technique followed by a detailed exposition of its application to reacting systems, blends and semicrystalline polymers by the leaders in all of these fields. It is an essential text for anybody interested in calorimetry or polymer characterization, especially if they have found that conventional DSC cannot help them with their problems.
Synopsis
This book brings together all of the leading experts of the theory and application of modulated temperature DSC. The first chapter by Mike Reading (the inventor of the technique), Andrew Lacey and Duncan Price introduces the theory and is divided into a practical section, for the everyday user, and one on detailed theory for more academic practitioners. Three chapters then follow which deal in turn with applying MTDSC to curing systems (chapter 2), phase separated polymer systems (chapter 3) and, finally, polymer melting (chapter 4). In each case the authors are the leaders in this particular field of application. These authors have pioneered the technique for studying the curing kinetics of thermosetting resins, for investigating the morphologies of phase-separated polymer systems with emphasis on the analysis of the interface regions in polymer blends and for the detailed study of crystal morphology in polymers. The book is intended for researchers in both the academy and industry who are current users of thermal analysis techniques or who are new to the area and wish to find out what this new MTDSC technique can do for them. It can be viewed as both a guide to the subject for the inexperienced reader and as a compendium for the professional analyst. Furthermore, although the focus of the book is on polymeric materials, it will prove useful to other users in related fields such as those interested in the thermal analysis of foods and pharmaceuticals.
About the Author
Michael Reading is a Professor of Pharmaceutical Characterisation Science at the University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. After post doctoral work in France (CNRS centre for calorimetry and thermodynamics, Marseilles), Mike Reading worked with ICI until 1997, when he left to join the IPTME in Loughborough University. In 2004 he moved to UEA to take up a chair in pharmaceutical characterisation science. Research Posts: As a senior research scientist with ICI paints, Mike Reading was involved in a wide range of materials science and analysis projects (mainly involving polymers). One outcome from his work was Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry which has now become a common, commercially available technique. With co-workers Azzedine Hammiche and Hubert Pollock of Lancaster University, he invented a scanning probe microscopy based technique known as of micro thermal analysis. This has become a commercially available instrument and has won a number of awards for innovation. Douglas J. Hourston is a Professor of Polymer Technology at Loughborough University, UK, with a long career in polymer colloids research and expertise in emulsion polymerization, structured latex particles, water-dispersible polyurethanes, and film integration.
Table of Contents
Foreword. 1: Theory and Practice of Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Andrew A. Lacey, Duncan M. Price & Mike Reading 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Basics of Modulated Observations on Heat Capacity 1.3 Practical Modulated Temperature DSC 1.4 Detailed Discussion of the Theory of MTDSC 2. The Application of Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry for the Characterisation of Curing Systems. Bruno van Mele, Hubert Rahier, Guy van Assche & Steven Swier 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Polymer Networks and General Nature of Curing 2.3 Experimental Procedures to Monitor the Cure Process 2.4 Procedures for (MT)DSC Cure Measurements 2.5 MTDSC Characterisation of Cure: Experimental Observations 2.6 Modelling the Diffusion-Controlled Overall Kinetics and Cure Rate Law of Epoxy Systems 2.7 Glass Transition-Conversion Relationship 2.8 TTT and CHT Cure Diagrams 2.9 Conclusions and Future Developments 3. Applications of Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry to Polymer Blends and related Systems. Douglas J. Hourston & Mo Song 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Heat Capacity and its Differential with Temperature Signal over the Glass Transition Region 3.3 measurements of the Glass Transition Temperature and Increment of Heat Capacity 3.4 Multi-Component Polymer Materials 3.5 Conclusions 4. The Application of Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry to Polymer Melting. Bernhard Wunderlich 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Melting and Crystallisation behaviour of Polymers 4.3 Instrument and Deconvolution Problems 4.4 Applications of MTDSC to Polymer Melting 4.5 Recommendations. References. Subject Index.