1 Resuscitation
1.1 Respiratory management
1.1.1. Basic airway management: J.M Field and P.J.F Baskett
1.1.2. Indications for intubation: R.F Armstrong
1.1.3. Restoring ventilation: R.F Armstrong
1.2 Circulatory Management
1.2.1. Pathophysiology and causes of cardiac arrest: N. Nichol and C. Robertson
1.2.2. Cardiac massage: S. Sun and M.H Weil
1.2.3. Therapeutic strategies during cardiac arrest: W.J Moore and P.J.F Baskett
1.2.4. Resuscitating and protecting the brain: P. Safar and P.M Kochanek
1.2.5. Post-resuscitation management: W. Tang and M.H Weil
1.3 Fluid Management
1.3.1. Physiology of body fluids: P.L Khimenko and A.E Taylor
1.3.2. Therapeutic strategy for fluid replacement: M.J Shapiro
1.3.3. Therapeutic goals: W.C Shoemaker
1.3.4. The fluid challenge: A.R Webb
2 The Respiratory System
2.1 Normal Physiology
2.1.1. The Respiratory System: G. Hedenstierna and H.U Rothen
2.2 Upper airway obstruction
2.2.1. Airway control and upper airway obstruction: P.D Cameron and P.V van Heerden
2.2.2 Tracheobronchial obstruction: P.D Cameron and B.M Power.
2.3 The breathless patient
2.3.1. Control of breathing: H. Burchardi and D.W Richter
2.3.2. Control of breathing: external influences and abnormalities: H. Burchardi and C.-P.Criee
2.3.3. Causes of breathlessness: S. Benito
2.3.4. Therapeutic approach to breathlessness: S. Benito
2.4 Acute respiratory failure
2.4.1. Hypoventilation: J. Milic-Emili and T. Similowski
2.4.2. Pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury
2.4.3. Pulmonary mechanical dysfunction: J. Milic-Emili and T. Similowski
2.4.4. Cardiovascular interactions: M.R. Pinsky
2.4.5. Therapeutic strategy: M. Sair and T.W Evans
2.5 Severe Hypoemia
2.5.1. Pathophysiology and causes: C.W Hanson and B.E Marshall
2.5.2. Therapeutic approach: L. Gattinoni and D. Chiumello
2.6 Aspiration and inhalation
2.6.1. Aspiration of gastric contents: G.J Bellingan
2.6.2. Inhalational injury: D.T Harrington and B.A Pruitt Jr
2.7 Acute bronchospasm
2.7.1. Pathophysiology and causes: M.-D Schaller and D. Tagan
2.7.2. Therapeutic approach to bronchospasm and asthma: K.M Nolan and C.S Garrard
2.8 Acute on chronic airflow limitation
2.8.1. Pathphysiology: R. Fernandez and A. Artigas
2.8.2. Therapeutic strategy: P.Jolliet and J.-C Chevrolet
2.9 Respiratory acidosis
2.9.1. Pathophysiology and causes: L. Gattinoni and A. Lissoni
2.9.2. Therapeutic Strategy: L. Gattinoni and A. Lissoni
2.10 Respiratory alkalosis
2.10.1. Pathophysiology: J.-C Chevrolet and R. Zurcher Zenklusen
2.10.2. Causes and therapeutic strategy: J.-C Chevrolet and R. Zucher Zenklusen
2.11 Failure to wean from mechanical ventilation
2.11.1. Pathophysiology of respiratory muscle dysfunction: M. Aubier
2.11.2. Pathophysiology cardiorespiratory interactions: M. R Pinsky
2.11.3. Increased work of breathing: R. Dhand and M.J Tobin
2.11.4. Causes of failure to wean: T.E Oh
2.11.5. Therapeutic approach: T.E Oh
2.12 Acute pneumonia
2.12.1. Pathophysiology: J. Rello and A. Torres
2.12.2. Causes and diagnosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia: J. Dorca and A. Torres
2.12.3. Causes and diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia: J. Dorca and A. Torres
2.12.4. Therapeutic approach: A. Torres and M. El-Ebiary
2.13 Viral pneumonitis and atypical pneumonia
2.13.1. Pathophysiology and causes: J.-F Timsit and J. Carlet
2.13.2. Therapeutic approach: J.-F Timsit and J. Carlet
2.14 Pneumothorax
2.14.1. Pathophysiology of pneumothorax: M. Sydow
2.14.2. Assessment and management: R.C Tilley and B.F Keogh
2.14.3. Management of bronchial fistulas - pleural, esophageal, and aortic: E.S Kassis and J.D Luketich
2.15 Pleural effusion
2.15.1. Pathophysiology of pleural effusion: H.T Billy and K. Waxman
2.15.2. Indications for drainage of pleural effusion: B.K Evetts and K. Waxman
2.15.3. Drainage techniques: R. Nirula and K. Waxman
2.15.4. Management of hemothorax: J.A McGuigan
2.16 Atelectasis and sputum retention
2.16.1. Pathophysiology of sputum retention: F. Potie and C. Martin
2.16.2. Conditioning of inhaled respiratory gases: L. Thomachot and C. Martin
2.16.3. Therapeutic approach: R. Vialet and C. Martin
2.17 Hemoptysis
2.17.1. Pathophysiology and causes: R. Zurcher Zenklusen and P. Jolliet
2.17.2. Therapeutic approach: R. Zurcher Zenklusen and P. Jolliet
3 Cardiovascular system
3.1 Normal Physiology
3.1.1. The cardiovascular system: B.A Foex and R.A Little
3.2 Acute chest pain
3.2.1. Causes and diagnosis of chest pain: J.R McEwan
3.2.2. Diagnosis and management of angina pectoris: J.R McEwan
3.3 Acute Myocardial Infarction
3.3.1. Pathophysiology: M.J Davies
3.3.2. Diagnosis: P. Sleight
3.3.3. Management: P. Sleight
3.4 Aortic Dissection
3.4.1. Pathophysiology: J. Salmon
3.4.2. Diagnosis: J. Salmon and L.J Jarvis
3.4.3. Management: J. Salmon
3.5 The hypotensice patient
3.5.1 Pathophysiology of hypotension: A. Sielenkamper and W.J Sibbald.
3.5.2. Causes: A. Sielenkamper and W.J Sibbald
3.5.3. Therapeutic strategy: A Sielenkamper and W.J Sibbald
3.6 Cardiac failure
3.6.1. Pathophysiology of myocardial failure and the systemic circulatory response: M. Singer
3.6.2. Therapeutic strategy: M. Singer
3.7 Tachyarrhythmias
3.7.1. Causes and diagnosis: M.C Sayers and C.M Gasperetti
3.7.2. Therapeutic strategy: M.C Sayers and C.M Gasperetti
3.8 Bradyarrhythmias
3.8.1. Causes and diagnosis: C.M Gasperetti and M.C Sayers
3.8.2. Therapeutic strategy: C.M Gasperetti and M.C Sayers
3.9 Endocarditis
3.9.1. Pathophysiology and causes: A.P.R Wilson
3.9.2. Prevention: A.P.R Wilson
3.9.3. Treatment: A.P.R Wilson
3.10 Severe hypertension
3.10.1. Pathophysiology and causes: E.A Panacek
3.10.2. Management: E.A Panacek
3.11 Severe capillary leak
3.11.1. Pathophysiology: T.M Moore and A.E Taylor
3.11.2. management of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema: L. Oppenheimer
3.12 Pericardial tamponade
3.12.1. Pathophysiology and causes: W.C Shoemaker
3.12.2. Management: W.C Shoemaker
3.13 Pulmonary hypertension
3.13.1. Pathophysiology and causes: D. Pappert and K.J Falke
3.13.2. Management: R. Rossaint and K. Falke
3.14 Pulmonary vascular obstruction
3.14.1. Capillary occlusion: B. Zwissler and K. Messmer
3.14.2. Pulmonary embolus: E.P Wilsonand R.A White
4 The gastrointestinal and hepatic system
4.1 Normal physiology
4.1.1. The gastrointenstinal system: U. Haglund
4.1.2. The hepatic system: S. Beloucif and D.M Payen
4.2 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
4.2.1. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: H.J Dworken
4.2.2. Variceal bleeding: H.J Dworken
4.2.3. Lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage: H.J Dworken
4.3 The acute abdomen
4.3.1. Perforated viscus: J.W.M Greve and G. Ramsay
4.3.2. Ischemic bowel: A. Marston
4.3.3. Intra-abdominal sepsis: H. van Goor and R.J.A Goris
4.3.4. Acute acalculous cholecystitis: M.J Shapiro
4.4 Pancreatitis
4.4.1. Pathophysiology and diagnosis: T. Dugernier and M.S Reynaert
4.4.2. Conservative management: T. Dugernier and P.J. Kestens
4.4.3. Surgical management: B. Rau and H.G Beger
4.5 Disordered gastric motility
4.5.1. Vomiting: G.J Dobb
4.5.2. Large nasogastric aspirates: G.J Dobb
4.5.3. Ileus and obstruction: D.C Evans and J.C Marshall
4.5.4. Diarrhea: G.J Dobb
4.5.4. Constipation: G.J Dobb
4.6 Jaundice
4.6.1. Pathophysiology and causes: A.E.S Gimson
4.6.2. Therapeutic strategy: A.E.S Gimson
4.7. Acute hepatic failure
4.7.1. Pathophysiology and causes: R. Williams
4.7.2. Diagnosis and assessment: F. Hawker
4.7.3. Management: J. Wendon
4.7.4. Management of complications: F. Hawker
4.7.5. The effect of acute hepatic failure on drug handling: T.S Leary and G.R Park
5 Nutrition
5.1 Normal physiology
5.1.1. Nutrition: K.N Jeejeebhoy
5.2 Nutritional failure
5.2.1. The metabolic and nutritional response to critical illness: G.Lavery
5.2.2. Pathophysiology of nutritional failure: S.M Gabe and G.K Grimble
5.2.3. Assessing nutritional status: J.-M Boles
5.3 Nutritional support
5.3.1. Enteral nutrition: G.J Dobb
5.3.2. Parenteral nutrition: G. Iapichino and D. Radrizzani
6 The Renal system
6.1 Normal physiology
6.1.1. The renal system: J. Reichmann and M. Brezis
6.2 Oliguria
6.2.1. Diagnosis and assessment: C. Ronco and A.G Fabris
6.2.2. Management: J.J Cordingley and M.G.A Palazzo
6.3 Acute renal failure
6.3.1. Pathophysiology: J. Reichmann and M. Brezis
6.3.2. Diagnosis: R. Bellomo and C. Ronco
6.3.3. Management: R. Bellomo and C. Ronco
6.4 Established renal failure
6.4.1. The effect of renal failure on drug handling: A. Olyaei and W.M Bennett
6.4.2. The effect of chronic renal failure on critical illness: R.G Woolfson
7 The neurological system
7.1 Normal physiology
7.1.1. The nervous system: M.W Nicolle and G.B Young
7.2 The unconscious patient
7.2.1. Pathophysiology: E. Oschatz and A.N Laggner
7.2.2. Causes and diagnosis: T.P Black and A.R Webb
7.2.3. Management: T.P Black and A.R Webb
7.3 Seizures
7.3.1. Pathophysiolog and causes: T.P Black
7.3.2. Assessment: T.P Black
7.3.3. Management: T.P Black
7.4 Raised intracranial pressure and cerebral edema
7.4.1. Pathophysiology and generalized cerebral edema: L.F Marshall
7.4.2. Pathophysiology of space-occupying lesions: E.M Trinidad and T.H Milhorat
7.4.3. Diagnosis of raised intracranial pressure: A. Mallick and N.M Dearden
7.4.4. Management of cerebral edema: H. Klein and N.M Dearden
7.5 Non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage
7.5.1. Assessment: H.M Fernandes and A.D Mendelow
7.5.2. Medical management: M.J.G Harrison
7.5.3. The role of surgical management: H.M Fernandes and A.D Mendelow
7.6 Meningitis
7.6.1. Pathophysiology and causes: M. Levin and S. Nadel
7.6.2. Therapeutic approach: M. Levin and S. Nadel
7.7 Encephalitis
7.7.1. Pathophysiology and causes: R.P Paczynski and D.B Clifford
7.7.2. Therapeutic approach: R.P Paczynski and D.B Clifford
7.8 Acute weakness
7.8.1. Pathophysiology and causes of neuropathy: C.F Bolton
7.8.2. Pathophysiology and causes of myopathy: C.F Bolton
7.8.3. Assessment: J. Coakley
7.8.4. Management: J. Coakley
7.8.5. Specific treatment for Guillain-Barre syndrome: D. Hunt and D.J Cook
7.9 Acute myasthenia
7.9.1. Pathophysiology: L. Loh
7.9.2. Assessment: L. Loh
7.9.3. Treatment: L. Loh
7.9.4. Crisis in myasthenia gravis: L. Loh
7.10 Tetanus
7.10.1. Pathophysiology: M. Hopley and J. Lipman
7.10.2. Prevention and management: H. Hon and J. Lipman
7.11 Brainstem death and management of the potential
7.11.1. The diagnosis of brainstem death: C.J Hinds
7.11.2. Managing the potential organ donor: C.J Hinds
7.11.3. Management of the relatives of a potential organ donor: B. Watson and V. Morgan
7.11.4. The organ donation process: I.J.A Davidson and D.A Payne
7.12 Sleep disturbance
7.12.1. Pathophysiology: N.P Hirsch and R.S Howard
7.12.2. Therapeutic strategy: N.P Hirsch and R.S Howard
7.13 Agitation and confusion
7.13.1. Causes: S. Heckers and T. Stern
7.13.2. Therapeutic management: S. Heckers and T. Stern
7.13.3. Therapeutic management: S. Heckers and T. Stern
7.14 Pain
7.14.1. Pathophysiology: M. Schafer and C. Stein
7.14.2. Assessment: A.R Molloy and M.J Cousins
7.14.3. Management: A.R Molloy and M.J Cousins
8 The metabolic and endocrine systems
8.1 Normal Physiology
8.1.1. The endocrine system: D. Watson
8.2 Electrolyte disturbance
8.2.1. Hypernatremia: A.I Arieff
8.2.2. Hyponatremia: A.I Arieff
8.2.3. Hyperkalemia: J. Salmon
8.2.4. Hypokalemia: J. Salmon
8.2.5. Hypomagnesemia: H.G Wakeling and M.G Mythen
8.2.6. Hypercalcemia: N.B Eastwood and M.G Mythen
8.2.7. Hypocalcemia: T.J Gan
8.2.8. Hyperphosphatemia: J.V Booth and M.G Mythen
8.2.9. Hypophosphatemia: J.V Booth and M.G Mythen
8.3 Metabolic acidosis
8.3.1. Pathophysiology and causes: D.M Forrest and J.A Russell
8.3.2. Therapeutic strategy: D.M Forrest and J.A Russell
8.4 Metabolic alkalosis
8.4.1.
8.4.2.
8.5 Hyperglycemia
8.5.1. Pathophysiology: G. Bishop and K. Hillman
8.5.2. Assessment: G. Bishop and K. Hillman
8.5.3. Management of hyperglycemia: P. Bristow and K. Hillman
8.5.4. Management of hyperglycemic diabetic emergencies: P. Bristow and K. Hillman
8.6 Hypoglycemia
8.6.1. Pathophysiology: R.B Noone and M.G Mythen
8.6.2. Therapeutic strategy: I.C Sanderson and M.G Mythen
8.7 Hypoadrenalism
8.7.1. Pathophysiology: L.G Thijs
8.7.2. Therapeutic strategy: L.G Thijs
8.8 Hypopituitarism
8.8.1. Pathophysiology: G. Van den Berghe
8.8.2. Therapeutic strategy: G. Van den Berghe
8.9 Hyperthyroidism
8.9.1. Pathophysiology: D. Watson
8.9.2. Therapeutic strategy: D. Watson
8.10 Hypothyroidism
8.10.1. Pathophysiology: S. Arlot and A. Fournier
8.10.2. Therapeutic strategy: S. Arlot and A. Fournier
9 Poisoning
9.1 Principles of management
9.1.1. Role of toxicology assessment: A. Jaeger
9.1.2. Elimination techniques: S.W Borron and C. Bismuth
9.2 Management of specific poisons
9.2.1. Salicylate: J.A Henry
9.2.2. Acetaminophen (paracetamol): A. Rhodes and J. Wendon
9.2.3. Opiates: G. Conti and A. Gasparetto
9.2.4. Benzodiazepines: P. Lheureux and M. Vranckx
9.2.5. Tricyclic antidepressants: J.A Henry and M.C Colbridge
9.2.6. Amphetamines and ecstasy: T.K Hartung and J.A Henry
9.2.7. Digoxin: E.M Antman and T.W Smith
9.2.8. Cocaine: M.E Palmer and L.R Goldfrank
9.2.9. Beta-Blockers: S.W Metcalf
9.2.10. Cyanide: D.G Penney and W.E Porter
9.2.11. Alcohols: D. Jacobsen
9.2.12. Carbon monoxide: S.G Simonson and C.A Piantadosi
9.2.13. Corrosives: S.W Metcalf
9.2.14. Pesticides and agricultural chemicals: K. Koyama
10 The haematological system
10.1 Normal physiology
10.1.1. The blood cells: K.K Hampton and C.A.J Wardrop
10.2 Disordered coagulation
10.2.1. Pathophysiology: A.C Nathwani and S.J Machin
10.2.2. Disseminated intravascular coagulation: D. Cummins
10.2.3. Thrombosis: H. Cohen and C. Ozanne
10.2.4. Thrombocytopenia: C.N Harrison and S.J Machin
10.3 The neutropenic patient
10.3.1. Pathophysiology: A.C Nathwani and A.H Goldstone
10.3.2. Management of neutropenia and its consequences: A.C Nathwani and A.H Goldstone
10.4 Anemia
10.4.1. Pathophysiology: E.C.M van Gorp and H. ten Cate
10.4.2. Hemolysis: J.P Isbister
10.4.3. Blood transfusion: P. Hewitt and F. Regan
10.5 Polycythemia
10.5.1. Pathophysiology: C.A.J Wardrop
10.5.2. Therapeutic strategy: C.A.J Wardrop
10.6 Sickle crisis
10.6.1. Pathophysiology: G.R Serjeant
10.6.2. Prevention and management of complications: G.R Serjeant and M. Singer
11 Trauma, burns and physical disorders
11.1 Multiple trauma
11.1.1. Pathophysiology of chest trauma: P.A Carli and M. Lejay
11.1.2. Pathophysiology of abdominal trauma: J. Biert and R.J.A Goris
11.1.3. Assessment: R.F Wilson and J.G Tyburski
11.1.4. Management of the chest injury: J.E Mazuski and R.M Durham
11.1.5. Management of abdominal injury: M. Poeze and G. Ramsay
11.1.6. Rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome: J.-M Boles
11.1.7. Fat embolism: J.M Ryan and S.W Metcalf
11.1.8. Air embolis: C. O'Donnell and M. Gavalas
11.1.9. The role of surgical management of fractures: R.J.A Goris and J. Biert
11.2 Ballistic trauma
11.2.1. Pathophysiology: D.V Shatz and O.C Kirton
11.2.2. Assessment: K.A Kralovich and H.M Horst
11.2.3. Management: R.C Karmy-Jones and J.W Wagner
11.3 Head injury
11.3.1. Pathophysiology: J. Jallo and R.K Narayan
11.3.2. Assessment: J. Jallo and R.K Narayan
11.3.3. Medical Management: A. Main and N.M Dearden
11.3.4. The role of surgery: R.P Boyer and J.J Oro
11.4 Spinal injury
11.4.1. Pathophysiology: C. Werner
11.4.2. Management of cervical cord injury: C. Werner
11.4.3. Management of spinal cord injury: R.S.R Fox
11.5 Burns
11.5.1. Pathophysiology: J. Hammond
11.5.2. Assessment: J.B Cone and R.D Robertson
11.5.3. Medical Management: J.B Cone and R.D Robertson
11.5.4. Role of Surgical Management: J.R Saffle
11.6 Drowning
11.6.1. Pathophysiology: P.G Boysen and J.E Szalados
11.6.2. Management: P.G Boysen and J.E Szalados
11.7 Electrocution
11.7.1. Pathophysiology: R.F Armstrong
11.7.2. Management: R.F Armstrong
11.8 Noise
11.8.1. Pathophysiology: D. Balogh and A. Benzer
11.8.2. Management: D. Balogh and A. Benzer
11.9 Altitude- and depth-related critical illness
11.9.1. Pathophysiology related to altitude: W. Schobersberger and N. Mutz
11.9.2. Pathophysiology related to depth: W. Hasibeder and N. Mutz
11.9.3. Management: M. Maggiorini
11.10 Hyperthermia and pyrexia
11.10.1. Pathophysiology of fever: D.C Macallan
11.10.2. Assessment of fever: D.C Macallan
11.10.3. Management of fever: D.C Macallan
11.10.4. Pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia: P.J Halsall and F.R Ellis
11.10.5. Management of malignant hyperthermia: P.J Halsall and F.R Ellis
11.10.6. Pathophysiology of heat-stroke: A.M.S Kashmeery
11.10.7. Management of heat-stroke: C.J Ash and A.M.S Kashmeery
11.11 Hypothermia
11.11.1. Pathophysiology: M.-D Schaller and P. Eckert
11.11.2. Management: M.-D Schaller and P. Eckert
11.12 Transport of the critically ill patient
11.12.1. Pathophysiology related to movement of the critically ill: B.J Tortella and M.J Shapiro
11.12.2. Minimizing risk during transport: J.E Gilligan
11.12.3. Equipment required for in-hospital transfer: S.A Ridley
11.12.4. Equipment required for between-hospital transfer: A.G Morrison and P.G.M Wallace
11.12.5. Personnel required for transport: A. Bristow and M.J Shapiro
12 Obstetric problems
12.1 Normal physiology
12.1.1. Obstetrics: C. Nelson-Piercy and M. de Swiet
12.2 Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
12.2.1. Pathophysiology: D.O.C Anumba and S.C Robson
12.2.2. Management of pre-eclampsia: D.O.C Anumba and S.C Robson
12.2.3. Management of eclampsia: S.C Robson
12.3 HELLPsyndrome
12.3.1. Pathophysiology: P.F Laterre and M.S Reynaert
12.3.2. Therapeutic strategy: P.F Laterre and T. Dugernier
12.4 Postpartum hemorrhage
12.4.1. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy: H. El-Refaey and J. Kingdom
12.5 Obstetric emboli
12.5.1. Pathphysiology: T. Dugernier and M.S Reynaert
12.5.2. Therapeutic strategy: T. Dugernier and P.F Laterre
13 Infection and systemic inflammation
13.1 Normal physiology
13.1.1. Immunology: P.G Medd and B.M Chain
13.2 Infection and control issues
13.2.1. Hygiene: G.L Ridgway
13.2.2. Isolation: G.L Ridgway
13.2.3. Antimicrobial selection policies: A.P.R Wilson
13.2.4. Selective decontamination: C.P Stoutenbeek and H.K.F van Saene
13.3 Nosocomial infection
13.3.1. Pathophysiology and management: P.S Barie and J.T Cooke
13.3.2. Prevention: S. Harbarth and D. Pittet
13.4 Infection in the immunocompromised
13.4.1. Drug-induced depression of immunity: M. Chapman and S. Peake
13.4.2. Immune dysfunction associated with critical illness: G.J Bellingan
13.5 HIV-related disease
13.5.1. Infections associated with HIV: M.G Brook and R.F Miller
13.5.2. Role of intensive care in HIV disease: R.F Miller and M.G Brook
13.6 Tropical diseases
13.6.1. Malaria: C.J.M Whitty and P.L Chiodini
13.6.2. Other tropical diseases: C.J.M Whitty and P.L Chiodini
13.7 Multisystem involvement in shock
13.7.1. Assessment: O. Boyd and P. Newman
13.7.2. Therapeutic strategy: P. Newman and R.M Grounds
13.8 Multiple organ failure
13.8.1. Pathophysiology: J.F Bion
13.8.2. Assessment: J.-L Vincent
13.8.3. Therapeutic strategy: J.-L Vincent
13.9 Anaphylaxis
13.9.1. Pathophysiology: J.H Levy and M. Fisher
13.9.2. Assessment and therapeutic strategy: M. Fisher
13.10 Connective tissue disorder
13.10.1. Systemic lupus erythematosus: U.B.S Prakash
13.10.2. Vasculitis: U.B.S Prakash
13.10.3. Rheumatoid arthritis: U.B.S Prakash
14 Perioperative problems
14.1 General postoperative intensive care
14.1.1. Recovery from anaesthesia: D.R Miller and A.D Baxter
14.1.2. Postoperative pain relief: A.D Baxter and D.R Miller
14.1.3. Ventilatory function in the postoperative period: J.T Cooke and P.S Barie
14.1.4. Postoperative fluid and circulatory management: R.M Grounds and O. Boyd
14.2 Management of specilized surgical patients
14.2.1. Orthopaedic surgery: M. Fennelly and G. Edge
14.2.2. Vascular surgery: E.P Wilson and R.A White
14.2.3. Thoracic surgery: J.A McGuigan and K. Lowry
14.3 Postcardiac surgical intensive care
14.3.1.
14.3.2.
14.4 Postneurosurgical intensive care
14.4.1. Postoperative protection against cerebral injury: M. Smith
14.4.2. Circulatory management: D.K Menon and A. Swami
14.4.3. Ventilatory management: M. Smith
14.5 Post-transplantation surgery
14.5.1. Renal transplantation: I.J.A Davidson and M. Ulrich
14.5.2. Cardiac transplantation: G.D Matrich and B.P Griffith
14.5.3. Hepatic transplantation: M. Manji and J.F Bion
14.5.4. Lung transplantation: R. Ruggiero and C.A Keller
15 Management of the critical care department
15.1 The intensive care department
15.1.1. Design of the department: T.E Oh
15.1.2. Site, size and interactions with other departments: D.C Jerwood and E. Major
15.1.3. Staffing of the department: D. Reis Miranda and L.J. Broerse
15.1.4. Patient safety: S.J.Y Bard and G.R Park
15.1.5. Staff safety: P.J Cole and G.R Park
15.1.6. Staff welfare: P.J Cole and G.R Park
15.1.7. Fire and electrical safety: J.E Risdall and G.R Park
15.1.8. The role of intensive care unit policies: B. Morgan and W.J Sibbald
15.1.9. Resource management: M. Jegers and D. Reis Miranda
15.2 Medicolegal and ethical issues
15.2.1. Consent/assent to treatment: S.A.M McLean
15.2.2. Medical research: S.L Cohen
15.2.3. Withdrawing treatment: R. Ritz and G. Stratenwerth
15.2.4. Law enforcement issues: C.P.H Heneghan
15.2.5. The role of the coroner in the United Kingdom: M.A Branthwaite
15.2.6. Key differences between the role of the coroner in the United States and the United Kingdom: M. Graham
15.2.7. Clinical liability: C.P.H Heneghan
15.3 Scoring systems in intensive care
15.3.1. The role and limitations of scoring systems: K. Rowan
15.3.2. Principles of severity scoring: K. Rowan
15.3.3. Acute Physiolohy and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE): J.E Zimmerman and W.A Knaus
15.3.4. Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS): J.-R Le Gall
15.3.5. Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS): D.J Cullen
15.3.6. Mortality Probability Model (MPM): A.D Collins and S. Lemeshow
15.3.7. Trauma scoring: H.R Champion and W.J Sacco
15.3.8. Glasgow Coma Scale: J.E Zimmerman and W.E Knaus
15.3.9. Sedation scoring: A. Hole and P. Klepstad
15.3.10. Organ failure scoring: J.C Marshall
16 Monitoring equipment and techniques
16.1 Cardiorespiratory monitoring
16.1.1. ECG monitoring: W.R Lewis and E.S Kaufman
16.1.2. Pulse oximetry: J.A Pologe
16.1.3. Blood pressure monitoring: R.M. Gardner
16.1.4. Central venous catheterization: J.L Peters and R. Moore
16.1.5. Pulmonary artery catheterization: A.B.J Groeneveld
16.1.6. Mixed venous saturation monitoring: D. Rosser
16.1.7. Cardiac output assessment: H.E Montgomery and M. Singer
16.1.8. Oxygen transport: J.D Edwards
16.1.9. Right ventricular function: H.E Montgomery
16.1.10. Measurement of extravascular lung water: P. Frost and D. Bihari
16.1.11. Gastrointestinal tonometry: G. Gutierrez
16.2 Blood gases
16.2.1. Blood gas analyzers: B.A Shapiro
16.2.2. Blood gas analysis: B.A Shapiro
16.3 Ventilatory monitoring
16.3.1. Capnography: L. Blanch and A. Artigas
16.3.2. Flow-volume and pressure-volume loops: J.C Goldstone
16.3.3. Monitoring gas exchange and ventilation-perfusion matching: R. Rodriguez-Roisin and J. Roca
16.3.4. Respiratory muscle function: M. Aubier
16.3.5. Respiratory system compliance and resistance: J.C Goldstone
16.4 Imaging
16.4.1. Imaging the respiratory system: J.A Worrell
16.4.2. Imaging the cardiovascular system: G. Porenta and G. Maurer
16.4.3. Doppler echocardiography in intensive care: J.L Fellahi and F. Jardin
16.4.4. Imaging the upper urinary tract: U. Patel and M.J Kellett
16.4.5. Imaging the central nervous system: J.M Stevens and C. Mandel
16.5 Laboratory monitoring
16.5.1. Biochemical monitoring: D.C Borgstrom and J.A Weigelt
16.5.2. Lactate: J.-L Vincent
16.5.3. Colloid osmotic pressure: A.R Webb
16.5.4. Hematological blood count: I. Cavill and C.A.J Wardrop
16.5.5. Coagulation monitoring: E.C.M van Gorp and H. ten Cate
16.5.6. Microbiological monitoring: M.R Jacobs
16.5.7. Suptum sampling and bronchoalveolar lavage: G.J Bellingan
16.6 Neurological monitoring
16.6.1. Electroencephalogram monitoring: N.J Smith
16.6.2. Intracranial pressure monitoring: R.S Graham and J.D Ward
16.6.3. Jugular venous bulb monitoring: K. Ahmed and N.M Dearden
16.6.4. Cerebral blood flow monitoring: P.J.D Andrews and W. Fitch
16.7 Nutritional monitoring
16.7.1. Indirect calorimetry: P.G Gauger and R.H Bartlett
16.8 Specific organ function
16.8.1. Hepatic function: A. Rhodes and J. Wendon
16.8.2. Renal function: P.M.J.M de Vries
17 Pharmaco-therapeutics
17.1 Drugs in critical illness
17.1.1. Analgesics: M. Tryba
17.1.2. Antiarrhythmics: A.K.B Slade and A.J Camm
17.1.3. Anticoagulants: A.R Webb
17.1.4. Antidepressants: S. Heckers and T. Stern
17.1.5. Antidiarrheals; G.J Dobb
17.1.6. Antiseizure agents: T.P Black
17.1.7. Antifibrinolytics: S.J Machin
17.1.8. Antimicrobials: A.P.R Wilson
17.1.9. Antispasmodics, antiemetics, and drugs enhancing motility: J.J Cordingley and M.G.A Palazzo
17.1.10. Antithrombotic agents: J.P Isbister
17.1.11. Aprotinin: A.R Webb
17.1.12. Blood product therapy: R. Leisner
17.1.13. Blood substitutes: O.P Habler and K. Messmer
17.1.14. Bronchodilators: S.W Benham and C.S Garrard
17.1.15. Diuretics: J.-A Romand
17.1.16. Fluids: A.R Webb
17.1.17. Immunotherapy: S. Peake and M.M Fisher
17.1.18. Inhalational anesthetic agents: E.M Spencer and S.M Willatts
17.1.19. Inotropic agents: R.N Sladen
17.1.20. Muscle relaxants: B.J Pollard
17.1.21. Nitric oxide: A. Mebazaa and D.M Payen
17.1.22. Oxygen: R.M Jackson
17.1.23. Prostanoids: A. Brinkmann and P.L Radermacher
17.1.24. Respiratory stimulants: A.A Jeffrey
17.1.25. Sedatives: W. Strobel and R. Ritz
17.1.26. Stress ulcer prophylaxis and antiulcer drugs: D.J Cook
17.1.27. Surfactant: W. Seeger and A. Gunther
17.1.28. Vasoconstrictors: J.-A Vincent
17.1.29. Vasodilator: A.B.J Groeneveld
18 Therapeutic equipment and techniques
18.1 Airway access
18.1.1. Physiology of the intubated airway: G. Hedenstierna
18.1.2. Preparing the patient for endotracheal intubation: R. Whitta
18.1.3. Selection of tube and route: R. Whitta
18.1.4. Techniques of tracheal intubation: R. Whitta
18.1.5. The difficult intubation: M.E Faymonville and M.Lamy
18.1.6. Minitracheostomy: D.W Ryan
18.1.7. Tracheostomy: P.B Hazard
18.2 Ventilatory support
18.2.1. Physiology of positive-pressure ventilation: J.C Goldstone
18.2.2. Continuous positive airways pressure: J.-A Romand and P.M Suter
18.2.3. Non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation: G.U Meduri
18.2.4. Indications for mechanical ventilation: R.F Armstrong
18.2.5. Design and function of mechanical ventilators: R.A Smith
18.2.6. Respiratory rate: G.J Wrathall
18.2.7. Tidal and minute volume: G.J Wrathall
18.2.8. Inspiratory time: G.J Wrathall
18.2.9. Positive end-expiratory pressure: P.M Suter
18.2.10. Volume-controlled mechanical ventilation: J.J Marini
18.2.11. Pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation: S.E Lapinsky and A.S Slutsky
18.2.12. Pressure support ventilation: J. Mancebo and L. Brochard
18.2.13. Effects of mechanical ventilation on the circulation: M.R Pinsky
18.2.14. Effects of mechanical ventilation on other organ function: M. Hemmer
18.2.15. Ventilator trauma: J.J Marini
18.2.16. High-frequency ventilation: B.F Keogh and E.H Gluck
18.2.17. External high-frequency oscillation: M. Nevin
18.2.18. Other novel modes of ventilation: J. Mancebo and V.M Ranieri
18.3 Extracorporeal and non-ventilatory support
18.3.1. Physiology of failure of mechanical ventilation to support gas exchange: K.P Kelly and R. Rossaint
18.3.2. Extracorporeal respiratory support: L. Gattinoni and L. Brazzi
18.4 Cardiovascular system
18.4.1. Defibrillation: R.F Armstrong and G.Maughan
18.4.2. Pacing and the intensive care unit: H.E Montgomery
18.4.3. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation: P. Kallis
18.4.4. Sengstaken tube: J. Wendon
18.5 Renal replacement therapy
18.5.1. Continuous hemofiltration techniques: M. Schetz
18.5.2. Hemodialysis: M. Schetz
18.5.3. Peritoneal dialysis: F.D Thompson
18.5.4. Plasmapheresis: L.Y Vitou and M. Sternbach