Synopses & Reviews
Welfare state reform has been a focus of domestic policy making in many European countries in recent years. Representing almost a third of the EU population and two distinctive models of European welfare states, this book compares development in British and German social policy over the past 25 years. During this time four periods of conservative governments were followed by centre-left administrations in both countries. Moreover, the respective economic and social positions of the two countries have been reversed. Adverse socio-economic developments have contributed to the waning of the erstwhile appeal of Germany as a role model of welfare capitalism. By contrast, the UK is seen by some as being on its way to gaining such a position. These trends provide an analytically intriguing background for a systematic contextualized comparison of reform processes in the two welfare states.
Concentrating on three core domains of social policy, the book argues that unemployment support and public pension programs have been subjected to retrenchment, as well as to restructuring. By contrast, family policies have been extended in both countries. However, patterns of retrenchment and restructuring differ across countries and programs. In order to explain similarities and variations, the book emphasizes the relevance of three sets of factors: shifts in party policy preferences and power relations, three institutional variables, and contingent factors impinging on policy direction and profiles. Within pension policy, the relevance of different institutional characteristics and the respective balance between private and public forms of retirement suggest that the concept of 'path dependence' is particularly instructive. By contrast, differences in program structures and their role within national political economies prove to be most relevant for the understanding of changes in unemployment support policy. Less institutionally embedded and expanding, the trajectories of family policies have to be seen in the context of dynamic party policy preferences.
Review
"Clasen's book represents an outstanding contribution to the welfare state retrenchment and restructuring literature. It is especially valuable because it questions and qualifies received wisdoms in the debate, such as the stereotyping of the German and British welfare states or the dimensionality of the concept of change...a very readable piece deserving of a broad audience well beyond scholars of the German and British welfare states.'"--Journal of European Social Policy
Synopsis
This comparative study explains how public policies in welfare states have been affected by social and economic factors including secularization, globalization, and changes in the preferences and ideologies of citizens. Illuminating developments across Europe with insights drawn from their case study of the Netherlands, the authors show that policymakers must continually balance the changing and often conflicting interests of multiple institutions and social forces. Their insights make essential reading for academics and students interested in the institutional development of social policies.and#160;
About the Author
Menno Fenger is associate professor of public administration at Erasmus University, Rotterdam, in the Netherlands.and#160;Martijn van der Steen is associate dean and deputy director of the Netherlands School of Public Administration.and#160;Lieske van der Torre is a doctoral candidate in public administration at Erasmus University Rotterdam.and#160;
Table of Contents
List of figures and tables
About the authors
Preface
1 and#160;Introduction
2 and#160;Responsive policies in contested welfare states?
3and#160; A framework for analysing policy responsiveness
4and#160; The responsiveness of social assistance policies
5and#160; The responsiveness of labour migration policies
6and#160; The responsiveness of sheltered work policies
7and#160; Conclusions: the responsiveness of social policies in three domains
References
Index