Synopses & Reviews
This book contains the most sustained and serious attack on mainstream, neoclassical economics in more than forty years. Nelson and Winter focus their critique on the basic question of how firms and industries change overtime. They marshal significant objections to the fundamental neoclassical assumptions of profit maximization and market equilibrium, which they find ineffective in the analysis of technological innovation and the dynamics of competition among firms.
To replace these assumptions, they borrow from biology the concept of natural selection to construct a precise and detailed evolutionary theory of business behavior. They grant that films are motivated by profit and engage in search for ways of improving profits, but they do not consider them to be profit maximizing. Likewise, they emphasize the tendency for the more profitable firms to drive the less profitable ones out of business, but they do not focus their analysis on hypothetical states of industry equilibrium.
The results of their new paradigm and analytical framework are impressive. Not only have they been able to develop more coherent and powerful models of competitive firm dynamics under conditions of growth and technological change, but their approach is compatible with findings in psychology and other social sciences. Finally, their work has important implications for welfare economics and for government policy toward industry.
Review
The book ranges from subtle theoretical analyses of the nature of choice to highly explicit mathematical modeling, from the theory of the firm to the theory of bureaucratic agencies. It is very engagingly written, and conveys extremely well the dilemma that must haunt any social scientist worth his salt: the necessity of choosing between realism ism and simplicity as guides to theory construction. Jon Elster
Review
[An] extremely interesting book...This volume increases one's confidence that, after all these years, Schumpeter's intuition can be stated in a formally respectable way, and therefore that the field of industrial organization can begin solving its most important problems. London Review of Books
Review
An important and interesting book. Journal of Comparative Economics
Review
The book spans an enormous literature--dealing with economics as a process, evolutionary modeling, Schumpeterian competition, organization form, and the like--and performs important interpretive and integrative functions. Mainly, however, the book represents a significant original research contribution in both methodological and substantive respects. It will influence teaching, research, and public policy relating to complex economic systems for years to come. While the book is written by and primarily for economists, it is broadly conceived and should impact social science research quite generally. Journal of Political Economy
Synopsis
other social sciences. Finally, their work has important implications for welfare economics and for government policy toward industry.
About the Author
Richard R. Nelson is George Blumenthal Professor of International and Public Affairs, Business, and Law, Emeritus, at Columbia University.
Table of Contents
I. OVERVIEW AND MOTIVATION 1. Introduction
2. The Need for an Evolutionary Theory
II. ORGANIZATION-THEORETIC FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
3. The Foundations of Contemporary Orthodoxy
4. Skills
5. Organizational Capabilities and Behavior
III. TEXTBOOK ECONOMICS REVISITED
6. Static Selection Equilibrium
7. Firm and Industry Response to Changed Market Conditions
IV. GROWTH THEORY
8. Neoclassical Growth Theory: A Critique
9. An Evolutionary Model of Economic Growth
10. Economic Growth as a Pure Selection Process
11. Further Analysis of Search and Selection
V. SCHUMPETERIAN COMPETITION
12. Dynamic Competition and Technical Progress
13. Forces Generating and Limiting Concentration under Schumpeterian Competition
14. The Schumpeterian Tradeoff Revisited
VI. ECONOMIC WELFARE AND POLICY
15. Normative Economics from an Evolutionary Perspective
16. The Evolution of Public Policies and the Role of Analysis
VII. CONCLUSION
17. Retrospect and Prospect
References
Index