"The value of Lindberg's book as an introductory text for students is clear, but it will also serve as an excellent resource for non-specialists, particularly those teaching comprehensive survey courses. . . . [The book] offers a concise, highly accessible introduction to the essential elements of western knowledge about the natural world that will help guide instructors in developing curricula. . . . The possibilities presented to enrich and enliven a general history course abound.. . . . This second edition ofand#160; The Beginnings of Western Science will remain a fundamental and reliable resource for many years to come."
"This is a fine book, the culmination of a century of distinguished research on premodern European science. And it tells an important story that . . . needs to be read not only by undergraduates but by professional historians and anyone seeking to understand the origins of modern science."
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; List of Illustrationsand#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Preface
1.and#160;SCIENCE BEFORE THE GREEKS
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; What Is Science?
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Prehistoric Attitudes toward Natureand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Beginnings of Science in Egypt and Mesopotamia
2. THE GREEKS AND THE COSMOS
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The World of Homer and Hesiod
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The First Greek Philosophers
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Milesians and the Question of Underlying Reality
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Theand#160;Question of Change
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Problem of Knowledge
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Plato's World of Forms
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Plato's Cosmology
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Achievement of Early Greek Philosophy
3. ARISTOTLE'S PHILOSOPHY OF NATURE
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Life and Works
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Metaphysics and Epistemology
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Nature and Change
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Cosmology
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Motion, Terrestrial and Celestial
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Aristotle as a Biologist
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Aristotle's Achievement
4. HELLENISTIC NATURAL PHILOSOPHY
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Schools and Education
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Lyceum after Aristotle
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Epicureans and Stoics
5. THE MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES IN ANTIQUITY
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Application of Mathematics to Nature
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Greek Mathematics
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Early Greek Astronomy
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Cosmological Developments
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Hellenistic Planetary Astronomy
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Science of Optics
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Science of Weights
6. GREEK AND ROMAN MEDICINE
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Early Greek Medicine
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Hippocratic Medicine
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Hellenistic Anatomy and Physiology
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Hellenistic Medical Sects
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Galen and the Culmination of Hellenistic Medicine
7. ROMAN AND EARLY MEDIEVAL SCIENCE
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Greeks and Romans
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Popularizers and Encyclopedists
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Translations
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Role of Christianity
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Roman and Early Medieval Education
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Two Early Medieval Natural Philosophersand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160;Learning and Science in the Greek East
8. ISLAMICand#160;SCIENCE
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Eastward Diffusion of Greek Science
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Birth, Expansion, and Hellenization of Islam
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Translation of Greek Science into Arabicand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Islamic Reception and Appropriation of Greek Science
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Islamic Scientific Achievement
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Theand#160;Fate of Islamic Science
9. THE REVIVAL OF LEARNING IN THE WEST
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Middle Ages
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Carolingian Reforms
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Schools of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Natural Philosophy in the Twelfth-Century Schools
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Translation Movement
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Rise of Universities
10. THE RECOVERY AND ASSIMILATION OF GREEK AND ISLAMIC SCIENCE
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The New Learning
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Aristotle in the University Curriculumand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160;Points of Conflict
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Resolution: Science as Handmaiden
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Radical Aristotelianism and the Condemnations of 1270
and 1277
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Relations of Philosophy and Theology after 1277
11. THE MEDIEVAL COSMOS
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Structure of the Cosmosand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Mathematical Astronomy
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Astrology
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Surface of the Earth
12. The Physics of the Sublunar Region
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Matter, Form, and Substance
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Combination and Mixture
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Alchemy
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Change and Motion
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Nature of Motionand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Mathematical Description of Motion
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Dynamics of Local Motion
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Quantification of Dynamics
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Science of Optics
13.and#160;MEDIEVAL MEDICINE AND NATURAL HISTORYand#160;
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Medical Tradition of the Early Middle Ages
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Transformation of Western Medicine
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Medical Practitioners
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Medicine in the Universities
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Disease, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Anatomy and Surgery
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Development of the Hospital
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Natural History
14. THE LEGACY OF ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL SCIENCE
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Continuityand#160;Question
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Candidates for Revolutionary Status
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; The Scientific Revolution
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Notes
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Bibliography
and#160;and#160;and#160;and#160; Index