BOILER WATER TREATMENT, PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE VOLUME 1 of Two Volumes by COLIN FRAYNE. Vol. I: Boiler Basics and Steam Water Chemistry, ISBN: 0-8206-0371-6 This comprehensive reference is the most practical field guide ever written on steam and boiler water treatment. In this two-volume handbook, Colin Frayne (Cooling Water Treatment, Principles and Practice, also by Chemical Publishing) analyzes the whole spectrum of boiler systems, including those used in residential complexes, commercial and institutional buildings, and industrial facilities. The breadth of the book covers: All types of boilers plants, from small cast iron units to large utility and nuclear power plants. Boiler subsystems, appurtenances, and auxiliaries Boiler maintenance and troubleshooting, fuel treatments, combustion gas analysis, pre-treatment processes, chemicals, and operational management Historical and modern program design and control in accordance with international standards Introduction; The Function of Boiler Water; Treatment and Its Marketing Steam Generation; Boiler Types and Applications; Boiler Plant Subsystems, Appurtenances, and Auxiliaries; Waterside and Steamside Problems: The Basics; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Hot Water Heating and Low-Pressure Steam Boiler; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Pre-Boiler Section Specifics; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Boiler Section Specifics; Waterside and Steamside Problems: Post-Boiler Section Specifics; Pre-Boiler and Post-Boiler Treatment Processes; Internal Treatment Programs; Adjuncts and Conjuctional Treatments; Control of Boiler Water Chemistry; Operational Control of Waterside Surfaces; Control of Fireside Conditions and Surfaces. Appendix I Useful Data; Appendix II Glossary; Bibliography. Index. This book is Volume 1 of a 2 Volume set. Other titles by author Colin Frayne: Cooling Water Treatment: Principles and Practice ISBN 978-0-8206-0370-4; Cooling Water Treatment Principles and Practices: Charts and Notes For Field Use ISBN 978-0-8206-0003-1
CONTENTS :
Introduction: The Function of Boiler Water
Treatment and Its Marketing xvii
1 Steam Generation 1
1.1 Basics of Steam Generation 4
1.2 Energy, Work, and Power 10
1.3 Boiler Plant Efficiency 14
2 Boiler Types and Applications 23
2.1 Electric Boilers 24
2.2 Fire Tube (Shell) Boilers 29
2.3 Water Tube Boilers 39
2.4 Nuclear Reactor Boilers 61
3 Boiler Plant Subsystems, Appurtenances, and Auxiliaries 67
3.1 Boiler Plant Subsystems 69
3.2 Boiler Appurtenances 72
3.3 Boiler Auxiliaries 82
3.4 Balance of Plant (BOP) Equipment 112
3.5 Boiler Plant Operational and Water Treatment Basics 119
4 Waterside and Steamside Problems: The Basics 131
4.1 Hot Water and Steam System Cycles 132
4.2 The Scope of BW Treatment and Control of
Steam/Waterside Chemistry 134
4.3 Fundamental Steam-Waterside Problems and
Water Treatment Objectives 140
4.4 Deposition 144
4.5 Corrosion 149
4.6 Fouling 153
4.7 Contamination 154
4.8 Limiting the Potential for Waterside Problems 156
5 Waterside and Steamside Problems: Hot Water
Heating and Low-Pressure Steam Boiler Specifics 173
5.1 Problems with Heating Coils 175
5.2 Problems Associated with the Use of Glycols 177
5.3 Problems of Corrosion in Hot Water and
Low-Pressure Steam Heating Systems 178
5.4 Other Waterside Problems in Hot Water Heating
and Low-Pressure Steam Systems 180
5.5 Waterside Problems in Medium-Temperature
Hot Water and High-Temperature Hot Water Systems 185
6 Waterside and Steamside Problems: Pre-Boiler
Section Specifics 191
6.1 Overview of Pre-Boiler Section Waterside Problems 192
6.2 Feedwater Contamination from Makeup Water 193
6.3 FW Contamination from Returning Condensate 203
6.4 Problems Associated with the Final Feedwater Blend 206
7 Waterside and Steamside Problems: Boiler Section Specifics 217
7.1 Boiler Scaling, Fouling, and Deposition 217
7.2 Passivation and Common Corrosion Problems 237
7.3 Stress and High Temperature-Related Corrosion 254
7.4 Other Forms of Corrosion 262
7.5 Corrosion in Nuclear Powered Steam Generators 265
8 Waterside and Steamside Problems: Post-Boiler Section Specifics 273
8.1 Steam Purity and Steam Quality 275
8.2 Corrosive Gases in Steam and Condensate Systems 284
8.3 Vaporous Silica and Other Steam Volatiles 293
8.4 Scale and Corrosion Debris Transport 296
8.5 Oil and Process Contamination 298
9 Pre-Boiler and Post-Boiler Treatment Processes 303
9.1 Overview of Common External Treatment
Process Technologies 306
9.2 Basic Pretreatment Processes 307
9.3 Pre-Boiler Purification Technologies 341
9.4 Post-Boiler Condensate Conditioning 376
9.5 Novel Pretreatment Oxygen Removal Technologies 382
10 Internal Treatment Programs 385
10.1 Outline of Internal Treatment Control and Programs 386
10.2 Anodic Inhibitor Chemistries 394
10.3 Tannin Programs 403
10.4 Coagulation and Precipitation Program Chemistries 411
10.5 Chelant Program Chemistries 430
10.6 All-Polymer/All-Organic Programs 437
10.7 Chelant-, Phosphate-, or Polymer-Based,
Combination Programs 461
10.8 Coordinated Phosphate and Program Derivations 464
10.9 All-Volatile Treatment Program Chemistries 474
10.10 Mixed Treatment and Zero Solids Treatment 476
10.11 An Outline of Water Treatment for Nuclear
Powered Steam Generators 477
11 Adjuncts and Conjuctional Treatments 479
11.1 Oxygen Scavenger Chemistries 479
11.2 Oxygenated Treatment (OT) 506
11.3 Ammonia and Amine Adjuncts 510
11.4 Alkalinity Boost Chemistries 545
11.5 Antifoam and Defoamer Chemistries 548
11.6 Multiblend Formulations 555
12 Control of Boiler Water Chemistry 559
12.1 Water Treatment Recommendation Perspectives 560
12.2 Tables and Supporting Notes 566
13 Operational Control of Waterside Surfaces 599
13.1 Sampling and Testing Steam and Condensate 599
13.2 Managing Standby and Idle Boilers 606
13.3 Boiler Inspections 612
13.4 Boiler Cleaning 623
13.5 Some Troubleshooting Notes 657
14 Control of Fireside Conditions and Surfaces 669
14.1 Basic Fireside Problems 670
14.2 Fuel Treatments/Additives 678
14.3 Fuel Treatment Formulations 687
14.4 Combustion Gas Analysis 689
Appendix I Useful Data
Appendix II Glossary
Bibliography
Index