S[ Top ]
sadness at diagnosis, 20
scintigraphy (bone scan), 83
second and subsequent opinions, 15, 24, 270
second cancers, 341-342
self-help groups. See support and self-help groups
sessile polyps, 36
sexuality
desire and function, 347-350
Internet discussion group on, 229
late side effects and, 342
and menopause, 356-357
and ostomy, 350-352
sources of information about, 345-347
and treatment, 349-350
sexual problems, 229
shame at diagnosis, 20
shingles, 342-343
shock at diagnosis, 17-18
shortness of breath, 343
side effects, general
distinguished from late side effects and complications, 330
late effects and complications of treatment, 329-344
reasons for, 204
regression of, at end of treatment, 317-318
resources, 482
of treatment, during pregnancy, 358-359
side effects, specific, 203-232
abdominal pain, 207-208, 332
abscess, 208
acid indigestion, 208
allergic reactions, 195-196, 208
appetite or taste changes, 209-210
blood clots, pulmonary embolism, 210
bone pain, 210
bowel obstruction, 210-211, 332
breathing problems, 211
bruising /bleeding, 211
chest pain, 212
cognitive changes, 212
constipation, 212-213
dehydration, 213
diarrhea, 213-214, 332-333
dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, 214-215
extravasation, 206, 215
eye changes, 216, 333
fainting/lightheadedness/dizziness, 216
fatigue and sleep disorders, 216-218, 333-334
fever/chills/sweats, 218-219
fistulae, 219, 334
hair loss (alopecia) and growth, 219-220, 335
hand-and-foot syndrome (PPES), 220
headache, 221
heart damage, 221, 335
hemorrhoids, 221
high blood pressure, 221
incontinence, 221, 336
indigestion, 222
infection, 222, 337
insomnia, 222
jaundice, 222
kidney damage, 222-223, 337
leg weakness, 223
leukopenia, 222
liver or gallbladder dysfunction/damage, 223, 337
mouth or rectal pain (stomatitis, mucositis), 223-224
nail changes, 224
nausea and vomiting, 224-225
neutropenia, 225
numbness, tingling, 226, 338
pain, 226-227, 338-339
palmar-plantar-erythrodysesthesia (PPES), 227
pancytopenia, 227
peripheral neuropathy, 226
poor wound healing, 227
post-surgical confusion, 227
pulmonary thrombosis, 210
radiation-associated small-bowel injury (RASBI), 228
radiation enteritis and proctitis, 228, 339-340
recall sensitivities, 228, 340-341
rectal perforation, 228
runny nose, 229
sexual problems, 229
skin problems, 229
sore throat, 230
stomatitis, 230
sun sensitivity, 230
sweating, 230
side effects, specific ([_Fi_]continued)
tumor lysis syndrome, 230
ulceration, 231
urinary problems, 231
water retention, 231
See also late side effects, general; late side effects, specific; entries on specific methods of treatment and specific drugs
sigmoidoscopy, 91-92
signet ring adenocarcinoma, 37
skeletal damage, 343
skin problems, 229
sleep, as stress reducer, 255
sleep medications, 259-260
Social Security. See financial issues; insurance
sonogram/sonography, 100-101
sore throat, 230
SPECT scan, 98-99
Spiegel, David
counseling, importance to survival, 245
value of support and self-help groups, 291
spirituality/faith/religious beliefs
faith questioned at recurrence, 370-371
stress reduction, role in, 255-256
staging colorectal cancers, 12-15, 56-57, 121-130
determination of, in general, 12-15
importance of precision in, 12
systems for, table of, 494-495
statistics, interpreting, 51
stem cell support, 120
stereotactic radiotherapy/radiosurgery, 434
stoma, described, 190
stomatitis, 223-224
stress
Cousins, Norman, on role of humor in coping with, 249
definition of, 234
immune system, effect on, 52, 239-243
medications for, 258-260
anti-anxiety medications, 258
antidepressant medication, 258-259
sleep medications, 259
post-traumatic stress reaction, 322
reduction techniques, 243-257
responses to, 239
subcutaneous injections, chemotherapeutic, 171
Suhadolc, Nan
categories of people patients deal with, 275
sun sensitivity, 229
supplies and appliances for ostomy, 192-194
support and self-help groups
communication and, 279-291
finding, 284-297
Internet, available on, 292-294
need for at recurrence, 371-372
resources, 472-478
specific needs for, 201, 275-277
Spiegel, on value of, 291
stress reduction, role in, 256-257
by telephone, 291
See also communication
supportive care, as therapy, 421
suramin, 431
surgeons. See oncologists and surgeons
surgery
bowel preparation for, 140
effects on fertility, 352-353
infection following, 153
late side effects of, 330-331
preparation for, 146-147
recovery from, 148-153
resection, 107-112
surgical techniques as treatments, 423
See also ostomies
sweating, 230
symptoms, 1-4
T[ Top ]
teenagers, communication with, 288-290
teens. See children and teens
telomerase inhibitors, 443-444
temporary ostomy, 109, 187-188
terms, glossary of, 503-510
tests, follow-up at end of treatment, 316-317
tests, resources, 481
tests and procedures, specific, 76-103
abdominal surgery (laparotomy), 76
anorectal function examination, 76-77
anorectal manometry (ARM), 76-77
barium enema (single- or double-contrast), 77
blood product transfusion, 77
blood tests, 78-81, 489-491
bone marrow aspiration/biopsy, 82-83
bone scan (scintigraphy), 83
bronchoscopy, 83
catheter insertion (central catheter, central line), 83-86
chest x-ray, 86
colonoscopy, 86-89
CT-guided needle biopsy, 97-98
CT scan (computed tomography, "cat" scan), 56-57, 89-91
electromyelography (EMG), 76-77
endoanalechogram, 76-77
endoscopy, 91-92
fecal occult blood test, 92-93
fine-needle aspiration, 97-98
FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), 80
flow cytometry, 80-81
gastroscopy, 91-92
GI series, 93
intravenous pyelogram, 93
laparotomy, 76, 93, 111, 146-153
mammogram (mammography, breast x-ray), 93-95
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging ), 95-97
needle biopsy (fine needle aspiration, CT-guided needle biopsy, percutaneous biopsy), 97-98
OncoScint, 97
percutaneous biopsy/ guided needle biopsy, 97-98
radioimmunoscintigraphy, 98-99
scintigraphy (bone scan), 83
sigmoidoscopy, 91-92
sonogram/sonography, 100-101
SPECT scan, 100
ultrasound, 100-101
x-rays (radiographic studies), 102-103
thalidomide, 424
thymidylate synthase inhibitors, 434-435
tibulin inhibitor therapy, 435
tissue engineering, 444
tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), 81
TNM system (staging), 12-15, 56-57, 494-495
tobacco use, 46-47
tobramycin, 338
Tomudex (raltitrexed, ICI D 1694, ZD 1694), 206, 430, 435
topoisomerase inhibitor therapy, 116, 435
total colectomy, 109, 187
TPA (tissue polypeptide antigen), 81
transanal/transsphincteric resection, 111
traveling for care, 396-403
by air, 397-399
assessing need for/benefits of, 396-397
Canadian assistance with, 402
insurance coverage, 401
by land, 399
lodging, 399-401
schooling for children, 401-402
treatment centers, 28-31, 478-479
treatment teams, finding, 23-34, 478-479
See also oncologists and surgeons
trimetrexate glucuronate, 430
triplex molecules, 444-445
tumor aggressiveness, 58-59
tumor-cell derivative vaccines, 435-436
tumor lysis syndrome, 230
tumor necrosis factor, 421
tumors, characteristics of, as prognostic indicators, 56-64
tumor suppressor genes, 443
tumor vaccines, 120, 420, 435-436
U[ Top ]
UFT (uracil-tegafur), 205, 433
ulceration, 227
ultrasound, 100-101, 112
United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), role in clinical trials, 374, 379-385
university hospitals, 29-30
uracil-tegafur (UFT), 205, 433
uric acid, 81
urinary problems, 231
V[ Top ]
vaccine adjuvants, 432-433
See also tumor-cell derivative vaccines
vaccines, 435-436
Valium, 258
vancomycin, 338
vascular damage, 335
Versed, 72
visualization, as stress reducer, 254
volunteer work, as stress reducer, 249
W[ Top ]
waste, discarding, 197
water, as stress reducer, 257
water retention, 231
weight loss, 231
Wellcovorin (leukovorin), 114
withdrawal from diagnosis, 21
writing, as stress reducer, 257
X[ Top ]
Xanax, 224, 258
Xeloda (Capecitabine), 114, 205
x-rays (radiographic studies), 102-103
Xylocaine, 72
Z[ Top ]
Zofran (ondansetron), 224-225, 421