Excerpt
When the sixth edition of
Ethical Theory and Business was published, peace and prosperity Mined in America. The stock market was down from its record highs, but the gains in the various indices were still far above historical averages. Commentators referred to a new economy, and globalization was taken as a given not only in the business community but in the wider community as well. American markets were taken as the model of transparency, and many considered the American economy as the model to be followed nearly everywhere.
As the seventh edition is published the world is very different. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attack imposed huge transaction costs on the U.S. economy and on most of the economies of the industrialized world. Globalization is under attack; the wisdom of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank is in doubt. Wave upon wave of corporate scandals have undermined trust in the integrity of American markets. Major corporations tainted by scandal now include World Com, Enron, and Global Crossing; all are bankrupt or close to it. A record number of companies have restated their financial results. The accounting firm of Arthur Andersen for all practical matters no longer exists.
The first edition of Ethical Theory and Business appeared in 1979. A quarter of a century separates that edition from this new edition. Those 25 years have seen their share of business scandals and ethical controversies. However, none seems to have posed the ethical challenges we see today. We have revised our anthology to take account of this very changed environment.
Chapter 3, the sixth edition chapter on regulation, now has a different focusresponsibility and accountability. Many argue that the key to ethical conduct in business is individual responsibility. If the actions of a businessperson have bad consequences, then it is argued that we should find the person responsible and hold him or her accountable. But recently emphasis has been on systems failure and organizational design. These perspectives remain in this chapter. However, that discussion has been enhanced by our addition of articles that debate whether a corporation can be held morally accountable independently and separately from individuals who work within the corporation. Even our discussion of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines is focused around this issue.
This edition includes an entirely new chapter on Ethical Issues in Information Technology. The two key issues discussed in this chapter are privacy and intellectual property in the computer age. Any student who has downloaded music for free or purchased a product in e-commerce has confronted ethical issues. We believe this chapter is a significant addition to the seventh edition.
Other changes include updated discussions of genetic testing in business, the electronic surveillance of employees, the responsibilities of international corporations to respect human rights, the place of diversity in the workforce, emerging issues in the problem of sexual harassment in the workplace, developments in responsibility for the environment, and the justification of capitalism. We believe these revisions keep Ethical Theory and Business in tune with the times in which we live.
In addition to the Prentice Hall reviewers: James C. Peterson, Wingate University; Robert Prevost, Wingate University; and Donald P Casey, Felician College, several persons have played a crucial role in providing feedback for the seventh edition. Lester Myers has provided detailed feedback on all the articles in the sixth edition, and his influence has been felt as we made selections for this edition. Denis Arnold has worked closely with Norman Bowie for three editions. His experience in using the text and his insistence on the philosophical integrity of the selections has strengthened the seventh edition. In addition, Denis has contributed a number of cases. Finally, Jared Harris, a first-year PhD student in Minnesota's Carlson School of Management, has assisted with editorial work and the provision of several case studies. Able research assistants at Georgetown included Dianna Spring, Sasha Lyutse, Joseph Folio, and David Lawrence. For work with permissions and other editorial work, Norman Bowie has relied on Lois Graham, a loyal staff person at the University of Minnesotajust as Tom Beauchamp has relied on Moheba Hanif at Georgetown. Their hard work and support have been vital to get ting this book to the publisher in a timely manner.
Tom L. Beauchamp
Georgetown University
Norman E. Bowie
University of Minnesota