Synopses & Reviews
Languages can be similar in many ways - they can resemble each other in categories, constructions and meanings, and in the actual forms used to express these. A shared feature may be based on common genetic origin, or result from geographic proximity and borrowing. Some aspects of grammar are spread more readily than others. The question is - which are they? When languages are in contact with each other, what changes do we expect to occur in their grammatical structures? Only an inductively based cross-linguistic examination can provide an answer. This is what this volume is about.
The book starts with a typological introduction outlining principles of contact-induced change and factors which facilitate diffusion of linguistic traits. It is followed by twelve studies of contact-induced changes in languages from Amazonia, East and West Africa, Australia, East Timor, and the Sinitic domain. Set alongside these are studies of Pennsylvania German spoken by Mennonites in Canada in contact with English, Basque in contact with Romance languages in Spain and France, and language contact in the Balkans. All the studies are based on intensive fieldwork, and each cast in terms of the typological parameters set out in the introduction. The book includes a glossary to facilitate its use by graduates and advanced undergraduates in linguistics and in disciplines such as anthropology.
Review
"[Aikhenvald's] claims pull from an extensive knowledge of cross-linguistic language data. She is meticulous in defining all terms so that the book is accessible to both new and well-seasoned scholars. [Grammars of Contacts'] descriptive approach with an underlying functional explanation of language contact principles make it a readable collection of well-edited articles on language contact." --Linguist List
Synopsis
The present volume examines the ways in which linguistic traits may change in a contact situation. It contains an encyclopaedic introduction, which sets out a general theory of contact-induced change, and twelve subsequent chapters, which analyze the effects of language contact on grammatical systems in a variety of languages belonging to different geographical areas and diverse types.
About the Author
Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald is Professor of Linguistics, The Cairns Institute, James Cook University. She has worked on descriptive and historical aspects of Barber languages and published, in Russian, a grammar of Modern Hebrew (1990). She is a major authority on typological and areal features of South American languages, particularly of the Arawak family: Bare (1995, based on work with the last speaker, who has since died), Warekena (1998), and Tariana (2003). Her monographs include
Classifiers: a Typology of Noun Categorization Devices (2000, 2003),
Language Contact in Amazonia (2002) and
Evidentiality (2004), all published by OUP. She is currently working on a reference grammar of Manambu, from the Sepik area of New Guinea.
R.M.W. Dixon is Professor and Director of the Research Centre for Linguistic Typology at La Trobe University. He has published grammars of a number of Australian languages (including Dyirbal and Yidiñ), in addition to A Grammar of Boumaa Fijian (1988), The Jarawara Language of Southern Amazonia (2004) and A Semantic Approach to English Grammar (2005). His works on typological theory include Where have All the Adjectives Gone? and Other Essays (1982) and Ergativity (1994). His essay The Rise and Fall of Languages (1997) expounded a punctuated equilibrium model for language development which is the basis for his detailed case study Australian Languages: their Nature and Development (2002). He is currently working on an extensive study of the basic linguistic theory.
Table of Contents
1. Grammars in Contact: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective,
Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald2. Grammatical Diffusion in Australia: Free and Bound Pronouns, R. M. W. Dixon
3. How Long do Linguistic Areas Last?: Western Nilotic Grammars in Contact, Anne Storch
4. Grammars in Contact in the Volta Basin (West Africa): On COntact Induced Grammatical Change in Likpe, Felix K. Ameka
5. Basque in Contact with Romance Languages, Gerd Jendraschek
6. Language Contact and Convergence in East Timor: The Case of Tetun Dili, John Hajek
7. Language Contact and Convergence in Pennsylvania German, Kate Burridge
8. Balkanizing the Balkan Sprachbund: A Closer Look at Grammatical Permeability and Feature Distribution, Victor A. Friedman
9. Cantonese Grammar in Areal Perspective, Stephen Matthews
10. Semantics and Pragmatics of Grammatical Relations in the Vaupés Linguistic Area, Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
11. The Vaupés Melting Pot: Tucanoan Influence on Hup, Patience Epps
12. The Quechua Impact in Amuesha, an Arawak Language of the Peruvian Amazon, Willem F. H. Adelaar
13. Feeling the Need: The Borrowing of Cariban Functional Categories into Mawayana (Arawak), Eithne B. Carlin
Glossary of Terms
Author Index
Index of Languages, Language Families, and Linguistic Areas
Subject Index