Synopses & Reviews
The "information explosion" in recent decades has made it impossible for practicing physicians (even specialists) to keep up with all the information potentially at their disposal. As a result, it is not surprising that empirical studies have shown that physicians do not always make optimal decisions. Thus, medical expert systems are now available to support - not replace - physicians and healthcare providers in their goal of providing the best possible healthcare to every patient. Knowledge Engineering in Health Informatics is a guide to the creation of such systems. Presenting the core material for courses such as Medical Knowledge Engineering and Expert System Development, it allows non-experts to make diagnostic decisions with the precision and accuracy of medical experts thanks to the help of the computer.
Synopsis
This monograph series is intended to provide medical information scien tists, health care administrators, physicians, nurses, other health care pro viders, and computer science professionals with successful examples and experiences of computer applications in health care settings. Through these computer applications, we attempt to show what is effective and efficient, and hope to provide guidance on the acquisition or design of medical information systems so that costly mistakes can be avoided. Health care provider organizations such as hospitals and clinics are experiencing large demands for clinical information because of a transition from a "fee-for-service" to a "capitation-based" health care economy. This transition changes the way health care services are being paid for. Previ ously, nearly all health care services were paid for by insurance companies after the services were performed. Today, many procedures need to be pre approved and many charges for clinical services must be justified to the insurance plans. Ultimately, in a totally capitated system, the more patient care services are provided per patient, the less profitable the health care provider organization will be. Clearly, the financial risks have shifted from the insurance carriers to the health care provider organizations. For hospitals and clinics to assess these financial risks, management needs to know what services are to be provided and how to reduce them without impacting the quality of care. The balancing act of reducing costs but maintaining health care quality and patient satisfaction requires accurate information about the clinical services."
Synopsis
The information explosion has made it impossible for physicians to consistently make optimal decisions. Thus, medical expert systems are now available to support physicians in providing the best possible healthcare to every patient. This is a guide to such systems, presenting the core material for courses such as Medical Knowledge Engineering and Expert System Development.
Synopsis
Medical expert systems are designed to help physicians and other healthcare providers give consistent optimal care to every patient. They also allow nonexperts (assisted by computer) to make diagnostic decisions with precision and accuracy approaching that of medical experts. Knowledge Engineering in Health Informatics gives an in-depth guide to the creation of such systems, using Iliad as a model. The book includes the core material for courses such as Medical Knowledge Engineering and Export System Development. Bundled with this book is a CD-ROM produced by Mosby-Year Book that contains an array of knowledge engineering tools featuring: a dictionary program to create hierarchical lists of terms, frame author to create decision frames, utilities to analyze the dictionary and frame content, a compiler to compile frames into a knowledge base, the Iliad 4.5 application, and a text file of the knowledge engineering tools user manual.
Table of Contents
Contents: Background and Legacy.- The Expert System.- The Model Used for this Text...Iliad.- Limiting the Domain of the Model...the Data Dictionary.- The Knowledge Engineering Process.- Evaluation of the Model.- Application of the Model.- Lessons Learned.- Knowledge and Engineering Tools.- Example Knowledge Bases.- Future Challenges. Appendices: Example Hierarchies of Top Level Diseases (final disgnoses) in Various Medical Specialities.- Suggested Prevalences for Various Diseases in Internal Medicine and Some Specialties- Using the Iliad KETool.- Some Example Fairly Domain-Specific Symptom Lists.- Data Relations (examples).- Word Relations (examples). Bibliography. Index.