Media Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, and Implications

and#147;Huhtamo and Parikka, from the first and second generations of media archaeology, have brought together the best writings from almost all of the best authors in the field. Whether we speak of cultural materialism, media art history, new historicism or software studies, the essays compiled here provide not only an anthology of innovative historical case studies, but also a methodology for the future of media studies as material and historical analysis. Media Archaeology is destined to be a key handbook for a new generation of media scholars.and#8221;

and#151;Sean Cubitt, author of The Cinema Effect

"Taken together, this excellent collection of essays by a wide range of scholars and practitioners demonstrates how the emerging field of media archaeology not only excavates the ways in which newer media work to remediate earlier forms and practices but also sketches out how older media help to premediate new ones."

and#151;Richard Grusin, author of Premediation: Affect and Mediality after 9/11

and#147;In Media Archaeology, a constellation of interdisciplinary writers explore societyand#8217;s relationship with the technological imaginary through history, with fascinating essays on influencing machines, Freud as media theorist, interactive games from the 19th century to the present day, just to name a few. As an artist, my mind is set on fire by discussions of the marvelous inventions that never made it to the mainstream, such as optophonic poetry, Christopher Stracheyand#8217;s 1952 and#145;Love letter generatorand#8217; for the Manchester Mark II computer, and the and#145;Baby talkie.and#8217;and#8221;

and#151;Zoe Beloff, artist and editor of The Coney Island Amateur Psychoanalytic Society and Its Circle

"A long-awaited synthesis addressing media archaeology in all of its epistemological complexity. With wide-ranging intellectual breath and creative insight, Huhtamo and Parikka bring together an eminent array of international scholars in film and media studies, literary criticism, and history of science in the spirit of making the discourse of the humanities legible to artist-intellectuals. This foundational volume enables a sophisticated understanding of reproducible audiovisual media culture as apparatus, historical form, and avant-garde space of play."

and#151;Peter J. Bloom, author of French Colonial Documentary: Mythologies of Humanitarianism

"An essential read for everyone interested in the histories of media and art."

and#151;Oliver Grau, author of MediaArtHistories

"Media archaeology is a wonderful new shadow field. If you are willing to step outside the glow of new media, this book's approaches can shift how you experience the objects and experiences that fill the new everyday of contemporary life. No one captures the beauty of studying new media in the shadow of older media implements and practices better than Erkki Huhtamo, the Finnish writer, curator, and scholar of media technology and design famous for his creative work as a preservationist and an interpreter of pre-cinematic technologies of visual display. He has teamed up here with Jussi Parikka, the Finnish scholar who has brought us an insect theory of media, to give us this long-awaited collection of essays in media archaeology. The surprise of the book is that the essays collectively bring forward a range of approaches to considering archaeological practice, giving us new ways to think about our embodied and subjective orientations to technologies and objects through the lens of the material remnants of practice, rather than offering a narrow definition of the field. The collection moves between computational machines and influencing machines, preservation and imagination, offering a range of ways to live the new everyday of media experience through the imaginary of archaeology."

and#151;Lisa Cartwright, co-author of Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture

and#147;Where McLuhanand#8217;s Understanding Media ends, Media Archaeology actually begins. Refusing the often futile search for the eternal laws of media, Media Archaeology does something more difficult and rare. It literally brings the history of media alive by drawing into presence the enigmatic, heterogeneous, unruly past of the mediaand#151;its artifacts, machines, imaginaries, tactics, and games. What results is a fabulous cabinet of (media) memories: the imaginary moving with kinetic frenzy, histories of what happens when media collide in the electronic space of the virtual, and stories about those strange interstitial spaces between analogue and digital.and#8221;

and#151;Arthur Kroker, author of The Will to Technology and the Culture of Nihilism

and#147;Rupturing the continuities and established values of traditional media history, this exciting and thought-provoking collection makes a significant contribution to our understanding of media culture, and demonstrates that the presence of the past in present-day media is central to the recognition and re-cognition that media archaeology promotes.and#8221;

and#151;John Fullerton, editor of Screen Culture: History and Textuality

and#147;Here, at last, is a collection of essays that are a critical step to comprehending the history of our impulse to see ourselves in the machines we have made. This could be the beginning of 'Archaeology of Intention.'"

and#151;Bernie Lubell, artist

and#147;Huhtamo and Parikkaand#8217;s expertly curated collection is a kaleidoscopic tour of media archaeology, giving us forceful evidence of that unruly domainand#8217;s vitality while preserving its wonderful unpredictability. With this essential volume, countless new paths have been opened up for media and cultural historians."

and#151;Charles R. Acland, author of Screen Traffic

and#147;This brilliant collection of essays provides much needed material and historical grounding for our understanding of new media. At the same time, it animates that ground by recognizing the integral roles that imagination, embodiment, and even productive disturbance play in media historiography. Yet these essays constitute more than a collection of historical case studies; together, they transform the bookand#8217;s subject into its overall method. Media Archaeology performs media archaeology. Huhtamo and Parikka excavate the intellectual traditions and map the epistemological terrain of media archaeology itself, demonstrating that the field is ripe with possibilities not only for further historical examination, but also for imagining exciting new scholarly and creative futures.and#8221;

and#151;Shannon Mattern, The New School

and#8220;A fascinating addition to work carried out in the social sciences.and#8221;

This book introduces an archaeological approach to the study of media--one that sifts through the evidence to learn how media were written about, used, designed, preserved, and sometimes discarded, and to understand the way people were influenced by media that predate today's interactive, digital forms. Edited by Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka with contributions from an internationally diverse group of prominent scholars--from Europe, North America, and Japan--the essays in this book do not constitute a unified approach or method. Instead, while providing a broad overview of the emerging field's many historical and theoretical facets, the book presents itself as an open forum to encourage discussion by a full range of different voices and to offer new ways of understanding media and their roles in society and culture.

This book introduces an archaeological approach to the study of media - one that sifts through the evidence to learn how media were written about, used, designed, preserved, and sometimes discarded. Edited by Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka, with contributions from internationally prominent scholars from Europe, North America, and Japan, the essays help us understand how the media that predate todayand#8217;s interactive, digital forms were in their time contested, adopted and embedded in the everyday. Providing a broad overview of the many historical and theoretical facets of Media Archaeology as an emerging field, the book encourages discussion by presenting a full range of different voices. By revisiting and#145;oldand#8217; or even and#145;deadand#8217; media, it provides a richer horizon for understanding and#145;newand#8217; media in their complex and often contradictory roles in contemporary society and culture.

Erkki Huhtamo is Professor of Design | Media Arts at the University of California, Los Angeles. Jussi Parikka is Reader at Winchester School of Art (University of Southampton, UK) and the author of Digital Contagions: A Media Archaeology of Computer Viruses and Insect Media: An Archaeology of Animals and Technology.

List of Illustrations

Acknowledgments

1. Introduction: An Archaeology of Media Archaeology

Erkki Huhtamo and Jussi Parikka

Part I: Engines of/in the Imaginary

2. Dismantling the Fairy Engine: Media Archaeology as Topos Study

Erkki Huhtamo

3. On the Archaeology of Imaginary Media

Eric Kluitenberg

4. On the Origins of the Origins of the Influencing Machine

Jeffrey Sconce

5. Freud and the Technical Media: The Enduring Magic of the Wunderblock

Thomas Elsaesser

Part II: (Inter)facing Media

6. The and#147;Baby Talkie,and#8221; Domestic Media, and the Japanese Modern

Machiko Kusahara

7. The Observerand#8217;s Dilemma: To Touch or Not to Touch

Wanda Strauven

8. The Game Playerand#8217;s Duty: The User as the Gestalt of the Ports

Claus Pias

9. The Enduring Ephemeral, or The Future Is a Memory

Wendy Hui Kyong Chun

Part III: Between Analogue and Digital

10. Erased Dots and Rotten Dashes, or How to Wire Your Head for a Preservation

Paul DeMarinis

11. Media Archaeography: Method and Machine versus History and Narrative of Media

Wolfgang Ernst

12. Mapping Noise: Techniques and Tactics of Irregularities, Interception, and Disturbance

Jussi Parikka

13. Objects of Our Affection: How Object Orientation Made Computers a Medium

Casey Alt

14. Digital Media Archaeology: Interpreting Computational Processes

Noah Wardrip-Fruin

15. Afterword: Media Archaeology and Re-presencing the Past

Vivian Sobchack

Contributors

Selected Bibliography

Index