Synopses & Reviews
The current vigour in separations research principally derives from the need for pioneering separations processes in an emerging technology (biotechnology), from new societal emphases (reduction of chemical emissions into the environment), as well as from opportunities for achieving dramatic improvements in the efficiency of a number of manufacturing technologies through the development of a new generation of membranes (novel membrane applications). Accordingly, the contributions to this volume are grouped into `Membranes in Biotechnology' (11 papers), `Membranes in Environmental Technology' (6 papers), and `New Concepts' (4 papers). This is followed by one contribution each on `Energy Requirements' and `Education', i.e. membrane processes within an academic curriculum. The book thus amounts to a state-of-the-art review of applied membrane processes. Even though other texts have appeared in recent years, a more documented, practical book is needed, with a strong interaction with the collateral disciplines of materials sciences, life sciences and environmental science. This book emphasizes the need for such an integrated approach to membrane processes.
Synopsis
The chapters of this book are based upon lectures presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Membrane Processes in Separation and Purification (March 21 - April 2, 1993, Curia, Portugal), organized as a successor and update to a similar Institute that took place 10 years ago (p.M.Bungay, H.K. Lonsdale, M.N. de Pinho (Eds.): Synthetic Membranes: Science, Engineering and Applications, NATO ASI Series, Reidel, Dordrecht, 1986). The decade between the two NATO Institutes witnesses the transition from individually researched membrane processes to an applied and established membrane separation technology, as is reflected by the contents of the corresponding proceeding volumes. By and large, the first volume presents itself as a textbook on membrane processes, still valid, while the present volume focuses on areas of separation need as amenable to membrane processing: Biotechnology and Environmental Technology. Accordingly, the contributions to this volume are grouped into "Membranes in Biotechnology" (11 papers), "Membranes in Environmental Technology" (6 papers), and "New Concepts" (4 papers). This is followed by one contribution each on "Energy Requirements" and "Education", i.e., membrane processes within an academic curriculum. The book thus amounts to a state of the art of applied membrane processing and may well augment the more fundamental approach of its predecessor.
Table of Contents
Preface.
1: Membranes in Biotechnology. Membrane Processes in Biotechnology: an Introduction;
G. Belfort. Biotechnology Processes: Membrane Materials, Modules and Process Design;
G. Belfort, C.A. Heath. Fouling and Concentration Polarisation in Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration;
P. Aimar, M. Meireles, P. Bacchin, V. Sanchez. Cross-Flow Filtration of Biological Suspensions;
K.H. Kroner. Affinity Membranes in Bioseparations;
E. Klein. Cross-Flow Application of Affinity Membranes;
K.H. Kroner. New Developments in Membrane Bioreactors;
G. Belfort, C.A. Heath. Enzyme Membrane Reactors;
G. Iorio, V. Calabro, S. Todisco. Integration of Fermentation and Membrane Processes;
J.G. Crespo, M. Carrondo. Recovery of Volatile Bioproducts by Pervaporation;
K.W. Böddeker. Novel Hollow Fiber Applications in Medicine and Biotechnology;
F.-J. Gerner. 2: Membranes in Environmental Technology. The Use of Membrane Processes in Environmental Problems. An Introduction;
M. Mulder. Membrane Pressure Driven Processes in Water Treatment;
P. Aptel. Pervaporation: Removal of Organics from Water and Organic/Organic Separations;
J.G. Wijmans, R.W. Baker, A.L. Athayde. Description of Facilitated Transport and Environmental Applications;
R.D. Noble, J.D. Way. Membrane Gas Absorption Processes in Environmental Applications;
A.E. Jansen, R. Klaassen, P.H.M. Feron, J.H. Hanemaaijer, B.Ph. ter Meulen. Separation of Organic Vapors from Air with Membranes;
K.-V. Peinemann, K. Ohlrogge. 3: New Concepts. Hollow Fiber Contactors;
E.L. Cussier. Membrane Assisted Affinity Separations: Some Techniques and Applications;
J.T.M. Sluys, H.W. Bakkenes, R.J.M. Creusen, L.H.J.M. Schneiders, J.H. Hanemaaijer. Membrane Reactors for Partial Oxidation and Dehydrogenation Reactions;
K. Keizer, V.T. Zaspalis, R.S.A. De Lange, M.P. Harold, A.J. Burggraaf. Membrane Reactors for Partial Oxidation and Dehydrogenation Reactions;
L. Cot, C. Guizard, A. Julbe, A. Larbot. 4: Energy Requirements. Energy Requirements in Membrane Separation Processes;
M. Mulder. 5: Education. Education on Membrane Science and Technology;
C.S. Slater. Index.