Synopses & Reviews
This volume comprehensively covers a range of issues related to dynamic norm change in the current major international arms control regimes related to nuclear, biological,and chemical weapons; small arms and light weapons; cluster munitions; and antipersonnel mines. Arms control policies of all of the key established and rising state actors are considered, as well as those of nonaligned countries, nongovernmental organizations, and international governing bodies.
Recent studies on multilateral arms control tend to focus mostly on "structure," by which opportunities and constraints for action are created. This volume pays equal attention to "agency," through which opportunities and constraints to produce change or maintain the status quo are handled. In addition-and in greater depth than in recent studies-the volume acknowledges the force of moral and ethical impulses (alongside such factors as political, legal, and technological change) in the evolution of arms control norms.
The volume begins with a look at the structure of regimes, at the conflicts residing in these structures, and at the dynamic processes in which these conflicts are worked out. The impact of extrinsic factors on norm dynamics is considered next, including technological change and shifts in attitudes and power structures. Essays on the role of agency in driving norm change conclude the volume, with a particular focus on norm entrepreneurship and the importance of acknowledging the competing justice claims surrounding norm-change efforts.
Contributors: Una Becker-Jakob, Alexis Below, Marco Fey, Giorgio Franceschini, Andrea Hellmann, Gregor Hofmann, Friederike Klinke, Daniel Müller, Harald Müller, Franziska Plümmer, Carsten Rauch, Judith Reuter, Elvira Rosert, Annette Schaper, Hans-Joachim Schmidt, Tabea Seidler-Diekmann, Simone Wisotzki, Carmen Wunderlich.
Review
"Using an innovative intellectual framework of norms and justice, this volume brims with original insights about nuclear politics. The volume's central message—that justice claims matter—deserves serious and widespread consideration."—Maria Rost Rublee, Australian National University
Review
"This important volume demonstrates that moral considerations are not just rhetorical fig leaves that cover crass national interests regarding nuclear weapons policy. The authors show how ethical considerations permeate, often in subtle ways, both public debates and international negotiations about how to limit nuclear proliferation and encourage nuclear disarmament."—Scott D. Sagan, editor of Inside Nuclear South Asia
About the Author
Harald Müller is executive director of the Peace Research Institute Frankfurt (PRIF) and professor of international relations at Goëthe University, Frankfurt. His most recent book is Building a New World Order: Sustainable Policies for the Future. Carmen Wunderlich is a research associate at PRIF and PhD student at Frankfurt University.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments ix
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms xi
Introduction
Where It All Began 1
Harald Müller
Chapter One
Theoretical Approaches in Norm Dynamics 20
Carmen Wunderlich
Part I. Norm Conflicts and Norm Dynamics
Chapter Two
Regime Conflicts and Norm Dynamics: Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons 51
Harald Müller, Una Becker- Jakob, and Tabea Seidler- Diekmann
Chapter Three
Humanitarian Arms Control: The Anti- Personnel Mine Ban Treaty, the Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons, and the Convention on Cluster Munitions 82
Simone Wisotzki
Part II. External Drivers of Norm Dynamics
Chapter Four
Arms Control Norms and Technology 109
Elvira Rosert, Una Becker- Jakob, Giorgio Franceschini, and Annette Schaper
Chapter Five
Winds of Change: Exogenous Events and Trends as Norm Triggers (or Norm Killers) 141
Harald Müller, Marco Fey, and Carsten Rauch
Part III. Norm Entrepreneurs as Drivers of Norm Dynamics
Chapter Six
Established and Rising Great Powers: The United States, Russia, China, and India 163
Marco Fey, Andrea Hellmann, Friederike Klinke, Franziska Plümmer, and Carsten Rauch
Chapter Seven
Good International Citizens: Canada, Germany,and Sweden 207
Una Becker- Jakob, Gregor Hofmann, Harald Müller, and Carmen Wunderlich
Chapter Eight
Non- aligned Reformers and Revolutionaries: Egypt, South Africa, Iran, and North Korea 246
Carmen Wunderlich, Andrea Hellmann, Daniel Müller, Judith Reuter, and Hans- Joachim Schmidt
Chapter Nine
Beyond the State: Nongovernmental Organizations, the European Union, and the United Nations 296
Harald Müller, Alexis Below, and Simone Wisotzki
Conclusion
Agency Is Central 337
Harald Müller
Contributors 367
Index 371