Synopses & Reviews
More than any other psychology textbook, Don and Sandra Hockenburys
Psychology relates the science of psychology to the lives of the wide range of students taking the introductory course. Now
Psychology returns in a remarkable new edition that shows just how well-attuned the Hockenburys are to the needs of todays students and instructors.
Psychology began with a basic idea: combine scientific authority with a narrative that engages students and relates to their lives. From decades of experience teaching, the Hockenburys created a book filled with cutting-edge science and real-life stories that draw students of all kinds into the course.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction and Research MethodsPrologue: Miracle Magnets?Introduction: The Origins of Psychology Contemporary Psychology Culture and Human Behavior: What Is Cross-Cultural Psychology The Scientific Method Critical Thinking: What Is Critical Thinking? Descriptive Research Methods Science Versus Pseudoscience: What Is a Pseudoscience? The Experimental Method Focus on Neuroscience: Psychological Research Using Brain Imaging Ethics in Psychological Research In Focus: Questions About the Use of Animals in Psychological Research Closing Thoughts Application: Psychology in the Media: Becoming an Informed Consumer
Chapter 2 Neuroscience and Behavior Prologue: Ashas Story Introduction: Neuroscience and Behavior The Neuron: The Basic Unit of Communication The Nervous System and the Endocrine System: Communication Throughout the Body A Guided Tour of the Brain Focus on Neuroscience: Is Runners High an Endorphine Rush? Science Versus Pseudoscience: Phrenology: The Bumpy Road to Scientific Progress Focus on Neuroscience: Juggling and Brain Plasticity In Focus: The Curious Case of Phineas Gage Specialization in the Cerebral Hemispheres Critical Thinking: "His" and "Her" Brains Science Versus Pseudoscience: Brain Myths Closing Thoughts Application: Pumping Neurons: Maximizing Your Brains Potential
Chapter 3 Sensation and Perception Prologue: Learning to See Introduction: What Are Sensation and Perception? Science Versus Pseudoscience: Subliminal Perception Vision: From Light to Sight Focus on Neuroscience: Vision, Experience, and the Brain Hearing: From Vibration to Sound The Chemical and Body Senses: Smell, Taste, Touch, and Position In Focus: Do Pheromones Influence Human Behavior? Perception Culture and Human Behavior: Ways of Seeing Critical Thinking: ESP: Can Perception Occur Without Sensation? Perceptual Illusions The Effects of Experience on Perceptual Interpretations Culture and Human Behavior: Culture and the Müller-Lyer Illusion: The Carpentered-WorldHypothesis Closing Thoughts Application: Strategies to Control Pain
Chapter 4 Consciousness and Its Variations Prologue: Even in Good Men Introduction: Consciousness: Experiencing the "Private I" Biological and Environmental "Clocks" That Regulate Consciousness Sleep In Focus: What You Really Want to Know About Sleep Dreams and Mental Activity During Sleep Focus on Neuroscience: The Dreaming Brain: Turning REM On and Off In Focus: What You Really Want to Know About Dreams Sleep Disorders: Troubled Sleep Critical Thinking: Could a Person Commit Murder While Asleep? Hypnosis Critical Thinking: Is Hypnosis a Special State of Consciousness? Meditation Psychoactive Drugs Focus on Neuroscience: The Addicted Brain: Diminishing Rewards Focus on Neuroscience: How Methamphetamines Erode the Brain Closing Thoughts Application: "Cant Sleep? Read THIS!"
Chapter 5 Learning Prologue: The Killer Attic Introduction: What Is Learning? Classical Conditioning: Associating Stimuli In Focus: Watson, Classical Conditioning, and Advertising Contemporary Views of Classical Conditioning In Focus: Evolution, Biological Preparedness and Conditioned Fears: What Gives You the Creeps? Operant Conditioning: Associating Behaviors and Consequences In Focus: Changing the Behavior of Others: Alternatives to Punishment Critical Thinking: Is Human Freedom Just an Illusion? Focus on Neuroscience: Virtual Operant Conditioning: Remote-Controlled "Ratbots" Contemporary Views of Operant Conditioning Observational Learning: Imitating the Actions of Others Focus on Neuroscience: Mirror Neurons: Imitation in the Brain? Critical Thinking: Does "Reel" Violence Cause Real Aggressive Behavior? Closing Thoughts Application: Using Learning Principles to Improve Self-Control
Chapter 6 Memory Prologue: The Drowning Introduction: What Is Memory? Culture and Human Behavior: Cultures Effect on Earliest Memories Retrieval: Getting Information from Long-Term Memory Forgetting: When Retrieval Fails In Focus: Déjà Vu: An Illusion of Memory Imperfect Memories: Errors, Distortions, and False Memories The Search for the Biological Basis of Memory Critical Thinking: The Memory Wars: Recovered or False Memories? Focus on Neuroscience: Assembling Memories: Echoes and Reflections of Perception In Focus: H.M. and Famous People Focus on Neuroscience: Mapping Brain Changes in Alzheimers Disease Closing Thoughts Application: Superpower Memory in Minutes per Day!
Chapter 7 Thinking, Language, and Intelligence Prologue: The Movie Moment Introduction: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence Focus on Neuroscience: Seeing Faces and Places in the Minds Eye Solving Problems and Making Decisions Critical Thinking: The Persistence of Unwarranted Beliefs Language and Thought Culture and Human Behavior: The Effect of Language on Perception Measuring Intelligence In Focus: Does a High IQ Score Predict Success in Life? The Nature of Intelligence Critical Thinking: Neurodiversity and the Autism Spectrum Disorders Culture and Human Behavior: Stereotype Threat: Performing When Theres a "Threat in the Air" Closing Thoughts Application: A Workshop on Creativity
Chapter 8 Motivation and Emotion Prologue: One Step at a Time Introduction: Motivation and Emotion Motivational Concepts and Theories Biological Motivation: Hunger and Eating Critical Thinking: Has Evolution Programmed Us to Overeat? Focus on Neuroscience: Dopamine Receptors and Obesity Psychological Needs as Motivators Emotion In Focus: Detecting Lies Focus on Neuroscience: Emotions and the Brain Critical Thinking: Emotion in Nonhuman Animals: Laughing Rats, Silly Elephants, and Smiling Dolphins? Theories of Emotion: Explaining Emotion Closing Thoughts Application: Turning Your Goals into Reality
Chapter 9 Lifespan Development Prologue: The Cheerleader and the Skydiver Introduction: Your Life Story Genetic Contributions to Your Life Story Prenatal Development Development During Infancy and Childhood Culture and Human Behavior: Where Does the Baby Sleep? Critical Thinking: The Effects of Child Care on Attachment and Development Adolescence Focus on Neuroscience: The Adolescent Brain: A Work in Progress Culture and Human Behavior: Conflict Between Adolescents and Their Parents Adult Development Late Adulthood and Aging The Final Chapter: Dying and Death Closing Thoughts Application: Raising Psychologically Healthy Children
Chapter 10 Gender and Sexuality Prologue: Soaring with AngelsIntroduction: Gender and Sexuality Gender Stereotypes and Gender Roles Critical Thinking: Are Women Really More Emotional Than Men? Gender-Role Development: Blue Bears and Pink Bunnies In Focus: Beyond Male and Female: Variations in Gender Identity Human Sexuality Culture and Human Behavior: Evolution and Mate Preference Sexual Behavior Focus on Neuroscience: Romantic Love and the Brain In Focus: Everything You Wanted to Know About Sexual Fantasies Sexual Disorders and Problems Closing Thoughts Application: Men, Women, and Conflict: Bridging the Gender Gap
Chapter 11 Personality Prologue: The Secret Twin Introduction: What Is Personality? The Psychoanalytic Perspective on Personality The Humanistic Perspective on Personality Critical Thinking: Freud Versus Rogers on Human Nature The Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality Critical Thinking: Freud Versus Bandura on Human Aggression The Trait Perspective on Personality Focus on Neuroscience: Personality Traits and Patterns of Brain Activity In Focus: Explaining Those Amazing Identical-Twin Similarities Assessing Personality: Psychological Tests Science Versus Pseudoscience: Graphology: The "Write" Way to Assess Personality? Closing Thoughts Application: Possible Selves: Imagine the Possibilities
Chapter 12 Social Psychology Prologue: The "Homeless" Man Introduction: What Is Social Psychology? Person Perception: Forming Impressions of Other People Focus on Neuroscience: Brain Reward When Making Eye Contact with Attractive People Attribution: Explaining Behavior Culture and Human Behavior: Explaining Failure and Murder: Culture and Attributional Biases The Social Psychology of Attitudes Understanding Prejudice Conformity: Following the Crowd Obedience: Just Following Orders Critical Thinking: Abuse at Abu Ghraib: Why Do Ordinary People Commit Evil Acts? Helping Behavior: Coming to the Aid of Strangers The Influence of Groups on Individual Behavior Closing Thoughts Application: The Persuasion Game
Chapter 13 Stress, Health, and Coping Prologue: Katies Story Introduction: What Is Stress? Culture and Human Behavior: The Stress of Adapting to a New Culture Physical Effects of Stress: The Mind-Body Connection Focus on Neuroscience: The Mysterious Placebo Effect Individual Factors That Influence the Response to Stress Critical Thinking: Do Personality Factors Cause Disease? In Focus: Providing Effective Social Support Coping: How People Deal with Stress In Focus: Gender Differences in Responding to Stress: "Tend and Befriend" or "Fight-or-Flight?" Closing Thoughts Application: Minimizing the Effects of Stress
Chapter 14 Psychological Disorders Prologue: Behind the Steel Door Introduction: Understanding Psychological Disorders Critical Thinking: Are People with a Mental Illness as Violent as the Media Portray Them? Anxiety Disorders: Intense Apprehension and Worry Mood Disorders: Emotions Gone Awry Critical Thinking: Does Smoking Cause Depression and Other Psychological Disorders? Eating Disorders Personality Disorders: Maladaptive Traits The Dissociative Disorders: Fragmentation of the SelfSchizophrenia: A Different Reality Focus on Neuroscience: The Hallucinating Brain Culture and Human Behavior: Travel Advisory: The Jerusalem Syndrome Focus on Neuroscience: Schizophrenia: A Wildfire in the Brain Closing Thoughts Application: Understanding and Helping to Prevent Suicide
Chapter 15 Therapies Prologue: "A Clear Sense of Being Heard…" Introduction: Psychotherapy and Biomedical Therapy Psychoanalytic Therapy Humanistic Therapy Behavior Therapy In Focus: Using Virtual Reality to Conquer Phobias Cognitive Therapies Group and Family Therapy In Focus: Self-Help Groups: Helping Yourself by Helping Others Evaluating the Effectiveness of Psychotherapy Science Versus Pseudoscience: EMDR: Can You Wave Your Fears Away? Culture and Human Behavior: Cultural Values and Psychotherapy Biomedical Therapies Focus on Neuroscience: Comparing Psychotherapy and Antidepressant Medication Closing Thoughts Application: What to Expect in Psychotherapy
Appendixes Appendix A: Statistics: Understanding Statistics Prologue: The Tables Are Turned: A Psychologist Becomes a Research Subject Descriptive Statistics Inferential Statistics Endnote
Appendix B: Industrial/Organizational Psychology What Is Industrial/Organization Psychology? Work Settings, Type of Training, and Employment Outlook Box B.1: Name, Title, Generation Personnel Psychology Organizational Behavior Box B.2: Servant Leadership: When Its Not All About You Workplace Trends and Issues