Part One A Handbook for Reading and Writing in College 1
1 Active Reading Strategies 2
1a Active Reading: The Key to Academic Success 3
Pre-reading Strategies 4
1b Previewing Before You Read 4
Reading: Consequences of Social Class, James M. Henslin 6
Reading: A Blueprint for Better Nutrition, April Lynch,
Barry Elmore, and Tanya Morgan 10
1c Activating Prior Knowledge 13
During Reading Strategies 14
1d Highlighting and Annotating to Strengthen
Reading and Recall 14
1e Checking Your Comprehension 15
Post-reading Strategies 17
1f Strengthening Your Comprehension 17
1g An Introduction to Contemporary Issues 18
2 The Writing Process 23
2a Understanding the Writing Process 24
2b Using Technology for Writing 24
Prewriting Strategies 26
2c Prewriting: Thinking About Audience, Purpose,
Tone, and Point of View 26
2d Prewriting: Generating Ideas 29
2e Prewriting: Organizing Ideas 32
Drafting Strategies 33
2f Drafting and Revising Paragraphs 33
2g Understanding the Structure of Essays 38
2h Writing the First Draft of an Essay 40
Revision Strategies 42
2i Revising the First Draft of an Essay 42
2j Editing and Proofreading Your Work 45
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Detailed Table of Contents v
3 Vocabulary for Readers and Writers 48
3a Using a Dictionary and a Thesaurus 48
3b Using Context Clues 52
3c Learning Affixes: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes 56
3d Using Language Effectively 65
Denotation and Connotation 66 Ï Synonyms and
Antonyms 67 Ï Slang 68 Ï Colloquial Language 68 Ï
Idioms 68 Ï Analogies 69 Ï Technical and Academic
Language 71
4 Reading Paragraphs: Main Ideas, Supporting Details, and Transitions 73
4a What Is a Paragraph? 73
4b Finding Stated Main Ideas 75
4c Recognizing Supporting Details 84
4d Understanding Implied Main Ideas 89
4e Recognizing Transitions 100
5 Writing and Revising Paragraphs: Main Ideas, Supporting Details, and Transitions 105
5a Write Effective Topic Sentences 105
5b Select and Organize Details to Support Your Topic Sentence 110
5c Use Transitional Words and Phrases to Connect Details 117
5d Use Specific Language 117
5e How and When to Revise 119
6 Reading and Writing Organizational Patterns 134
6a Reading and Writing Illustration 135
6b Reading and Writing Process 143
6c Reading and Writing Definition 151
6d Reading and Writing Classification 155
6e Reading and Writing Cause and Effect 160
6f Reading and Writing Comparison and Contrast 167
6g Reading and Writing Mixed Patterns 176
7 Reading College Level Sources 182
7a Reading Textbooks 182
7b Reading Essays 184
Reading: Innocent Until Proven a Pet “Owner,” Bruce
Watson 186
7c Reading Longer Works 188
7d Reading and Interpreting Visuals 190
7e Thinking Critically About Source Materials 194
8 Organizing Information and Writing in Response to Reading 199
8a Preparing to Read and Write: Analyze the Task 199
8b Highlighting 202
8c Annotating 205
8d Paraphrasing 207
8e Outlining 210
8f Using Graphic Organizers to Show Relationships 212
8g Summarizing 216
8h Writing a Response Paper 217
9 Critical Reading and Thinking 221
9a Making Accurate Inferences and Drawing Conclusions 221
9b Fact and Opinion 228
9c Author’s Purpose 231
9d Tone 232
9e Figurative Language 236
9f Bias 237
9g Evaluating the Reliability of Data and Evidence 240
10 Analyzing Issues and Arguments 245
10a Contemporary Issues and Arguments 245
10b What Is an Argument? 247
10c The Parts of an Argument 249
10d Strategies for Reading an Argument 251
10e Strategies for Evaluating an Argument 254
10f Errors in Logic 259
10g Write Argument Essays 262
11 Writing Essays and Documented Papers 274
Writing Essays 274
11a The Structure of an Essay 274
11b Prewriting: Generating and Organizing Ideas
and Planning Your Essay 275
11c Drafting an Essay 287
11d Revising: Examining Your Ideas 298
11e Editing and Proofreading: Focusing on Clarity and
Correctness 303
Writing Documented Papers 308
11f Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism 308
11g Synthesizing Sources 311
11h Documenting Sources Using MLA 315
Part Two Reading and Writing About Contemporary Issues 325
12 Defining Ourselves: Our Multiple Identities 326
Why Is Identity Such an Important Contemporary Issue? 326
Tips for Reading About Identity 327
Selection 1 “The Space In-Between” Santiago Quintana 328
Selection 2 “Enhancing Your Body Image” Rebecca J.
Donatelle 338
Selection 3 “All Guts, No Glory” Molly M. Ginty 353
Activities: Exploring Identity 365
13 Our Environment: Problems and Solutions 366
Why Is the Environment Such an Important
Contemporary Issue? 366
Tips for Reading About the Environment 367
Selection 4 “Sustainability on Campus” Jay Withgott and
Scott Brennan 368
Selection 5 “Wireless Interference: The Health Risks of RF-EMFs” Christopher Ketcham 387
Selection 6 “Crisis Management: Why Climate Change Will Make You Love Big Government”
Christian Parenti 398
Activities: Exploring Environmental Issues 411
14 Relationships: Our Friends, Families, and
Communities 412
Why Are Contemporary Issues Related to Relationships
So Important? 412
Tips for Reading About Relationships 413
Selection 7 “Hooking Up” Jennifer Kunz 414
Selection 8 “The High Art of Handling Problem People” Hara
Estroff Marano 425
Selection 9 “The Many Ways Virtual Communities Impact Our World Offline” Jessica Lee 440
Activities: Exploring Relationships 452
15 Science and Ethics: Where Do We Draw the Line? 545
Why Are Science and Ethics Such Important Contemporary Issues? 454
Tips for Reading About Science and Ethics 455
Selection 10 “Cosmetic Neurology: Tinkering with the Brain” Carole Wade and Carol Tavris 456
Selection 11 “Eggs for Sale” M. A. Garcia 468
Selection 12 “Xeno-Transplantation: The Ultimate Organ Factory”
Trends E-magazine 479
Activities: Exploring Science and Ethics 490
16 Communication and Technology: Life Online and Offline 491
Why Is Communication Technology Such an Important Contemporary Issue? 491
Tips for Reading About Communications Technology 492
Selection 13 “Meet the Attackers” Catherine LaBerta 493
Selection 14 “Technology and Social Media” Shelley D. Lane , Ruth Anna Abigail, and John Casey Gooch 505
Selection 15 “Blogs and Democratization” John Vivian
17 Society: Changes Big and Small 527
Why Is Society Such an Important Contemporary Issue? 528
Tips for Reading About Society 528
Selection 16 “What Is Residential Segregation?” Mona Scott 529
Selection 17 “Ten Proven Brain Benefits of Being Bilingual” Meredith Nudo 543
Selection 18 “Bullying 2.0 Is More Like Drama Class” Emma Teitel 554
Activities: Exploring Social Issues and Controversies 564
18 Conformity and Nonconformity: Following and Breaking the Rules 566
Why Are Conformity and Nonconformity Such Important Contemporary Issues? 567
Tips for Reading About Conformity and Nonconformity 567
Selection 19 “Groups and Conformity” Michael R. Solomon 568
Selection 20 “Why My Mother Wants Me Dead” Sabatina
James 585
Selection 21 “A Brother Lost” Ashley Womble 595
Activities: Exploring Conformity and Nonconformity 606
19 Personal Freedoms and Limitations: Lifestyle Choices 608
Why Is Freedom Such an Important Contemporary Issue? 608
Tips for Reading About Personal Freedoms and Limitations 609
Selection 22 “What Is Religion?” James M. Henslin 610
Selection 23 “I Don’t Want to Have Kids. Get Over It” Yashar Ali 623
Selection 24 “Bipolar Disorder: The Agony and the Ecstasy” Thomas Wheaton 634
Activities: Exploring Personal Freedoms and Limitations 645
20 Government and Politics: A Divided Nation? (***This chapter is accessed through the etext / MySkillsLab course site and is not in the print text)
Why Are Government and Politics Such Important Contemporary Issues?
Tips for Reading About Government and Politics
Selection 25 “Native Americans: An American Holocaust” Mona Scott
Selection 26 “Should Congress Raise the Minimum Wage?: Pro and Con” Don Kusler and Nick Schulz
Selection 27 “Everybody’s a Target in the American Surveillance State” John W. Whitehead
Activities: Exploring Government’s Roles and Responsibilities
Making Connections: Synthesizing What You Read
Part Three Casebook for Critical Thinking: Global Warming and Climate Change 647
Examining One Issue in Depth 648
Tips for Reading About Global Warming and Climate Change
Tips for Synthesizing Sources
Previewing
Reading and Evaluating Sources 652
Source 1 NASA Web Site, “How Will Global Warming Change Earth?” 652
Source 2 Coastalcare.org Web Site, “We Need to Retreat from the Beach” Orrin Pilkey 656
Source 3 Human Events Online Newspaper, “The Debunking of Global Warming Continues” John Hayward 659
Source 4 Environmental Textbook, “Climate Change and Extinction” Jay Withgott and Scott Brennan 661
Source 5 Environmental Defense Fund Blog (Activist Blog), “Hot Topic: Climate Change and Our Extreme Weather” Steven Hamburg 664
Source 6 The Business Ethics Blog, “Storms, Global Warming, and Corporate Citizenship” Chris MacDonald 666
Source 7 The Huffington Post (Online Newspaper), “Climate Change: Countries that May Be Hit Hardest” Jeremy Hsu 668
Source 8 Infographic, “Global Warming?” 670
Synthesis and Integration Questions and Activities 672
Credits
Index