Social Work has been called an "unloved profession." Its practitioners are responsible for improving the conditions of society's most disadvantaged and least popular individuals. Rising to this challenge involves social workers in a range of complex tasks and difficult dilemmas. The values, knowledge base, and skills necessary for undertaking their work are contested in academia, the field, and society more generally, making professional practice a highly politicized and uncertain activity. Social Work explores the dilemmas and tensions practitioners are compelled to resolve in their daily work. Drawing on a broad range of theories, it outlines the knowledge, skills, and values that enable practitioners to respond more effectively to the demands made of them in fluid and constantly changing contexts. The book addresses the impact of neo-liberal ideologies, corporate management, and the mixed economy of welfare on practice. The idea that clients are citizens with human rights that must be respected underlies the approach taken in this book, providing the intellectual basis for a practice that facilitates social cohesion between clients and society, and a critique of the social organizations which respond to their needs.
Professor of Social and Community Development, Southampton University and Director, Centre for International Social and Community Development. President, International Association of Schools of Social Work
Acknowledgments.
1. Introduction.
Introduction.
Rethinking Social Work: Interrogating Practice in and Uncertain and Difficult Clime.
The Philanthropic Gaze: Privileging Residual Welfare Provisions.
Continuities and Discontinuities in Practice.
Unity and Fragmentation in Social Work.
Structure of the Book.
2. Social Work: A Profession in Changing Contexts.
Introduction.
Macro-Level Contexts.
The Impact of Globalizing Forces on Welfare Provisions.
Quality Assurance.
The Internationalization of Social Problems.
Meso-Level Contexts.
National Policy Frameworks: Social Inclusion and Exclusion.
Micro-level Contexts.
Power and Authority.
A Technology of Governmentality: The ‘Social’ Divides Clients into ‘Deserving’ and ‘Undeserving’ Groups and Rations Resources.
Defining Moments in Professional Social Work: Shifting Contexts for Practice.
A New Profession Makes its Claims: The Early Beginnings of Social Work.
Professional Consolidation.
A Brief Period of Consensus Around the Welfare State.
The Consensus Unravels.
A New Consensus Forms Around the Precepts of Neo-Liberal Market Ideologies.
Globalization Reframes the Social Work Agenda.
Conclusions,.
3. Values, Ethics and Empowerment.
Introduction.
Practising Social Work Values: Reconfiguring Continuities and Discontinuities.
Stability and Change in Values.
Trust.
A Commitment to Social Justice: A Contested Value.
Reconfiguring the Ethic of Care.
Rethinking the Life-course within Identity.
Identity.
Processes of Intervention.
The Dance of Competing Values in the Major Approaches to Social Work.
Casework: Individualizing Social Problems.
Groupwork: The Acknowledgment of Systems.
Community Work: A Concern with Structural Inequalities.
Competence-Based Social Work: Fragmenting and Technocratising Social Problems.
Valuing Social Justice and Social Change: A human Rights Context for Practice.
Training is No Longer the Preserve of the Academy.
Changing Agendas.
Conclusions.
4 Social Work intervention with Children and Families.
Introduction.
Familialist Discourses/Understanding Diverse Conceptualisations of ‘the Family’.
Adultist Paradigms in Child Welfare.
Power, Control and Governmentality.
Constructing Childhood Through Practice.
Policing Deviant Families: Children on the ‘at Risk Register’.
Risk Assessment and Management in Child Welfare Work.
Failing Children.
Revitalising Communities: Approaching Child Welfare as a Collective Responsibility.
Assimilation as Exclusionary Practice.
Conclusions.
5 Social Work Intervention with Older People.
Introduction.
Mobilizing to Challenge Negative Images of Older People.
Constructing the Older Person in Social Work Practice.
Community Care.
Commodifying Social Work with Older People.
Elder Abuse.
Insecurity and Loss in Older People’s Lives.
Young Careers Providing Services for Older People.
Services for Older People.
Conclusions.
6 Social Work with Offenders.
Introduction.
(Re)configuring Environments of Crime and Control.
Differentiated Responses to Offenders.
Women Offenders.
Class-based Offenders.
Racialized Discourse on Crime: Black Offenders.
Young Offenders.
Children’s Offending Behaviour Brings Poor Parenting Under Fire.
Authoritarian Populism Targets Parents.
Risk Assessment and Risk Management.
Managing Crime Statistics.
Managing Offending Behaviour.
Working with offending Behaviour.
Working With Offenders: Changing Roles and Directions.
Probation: The Link with Social Work.
Breaking the Link with Social Work.
Market Incentives.
Privatizing Parts of the Criminal Justice System.
From a Social Work Activity to a Corrections-based One.
The Rise of Victims’ Rights.
Citizenship and Offenders’ Rights to Rehabilitation.
Conclusions.
7 Social Work Interventions in Communities.
Introduction.
(Re)Defining Communities.
Post-war Community Work in Britain.
Reconfiguring Community Work in Britan.
Exclusionary Community Relations.
Control or Liberation?.
Communities in Social Work.
Vulnerability: a Factor in Oppressing Diverse Communities.
Conclusions.
8 New Directions for Social Work: Interdependence, Reciprocity, Citizenshipand Social Justice.
Introduction.
Social Justice and Citizenship.
Different Visions for Social Work.
Interdependence and Solidarity.
Reciprocity and Entitlements.
Modelling New Directions for Social Work.
Education and Training.
Conclusions.
9 Conclusions: Social Work: A Force for Change at Individual and Structural Levels.
Introduction.
Practice is thinking and doing.
Conclusions.
Notes.
Bibliography.
Glossary.
Index.