"This may be the most exhilarating and revelatory history of our country. It is must reading for today's youth-as well as their elders." --Studs Terkel
From the boys who sailed with Columbus to today's young activists, this unique book brings to life the contributions of young people throughout American history. Based on primary sources and including 160 authentic images, this handsome oversized volume highlights the fascinating stories of more than 70 young people from diverse cultures. Young readers will be hooked into history as they meet individuals their own age who were caught up in our country's most dramatic moments-Olaudah Equiano, kidnapped from his village in western Africa and forced into slavery, Anyokah, who helped her father create a written Cherokee language, Johnny Clem, the nine-year-old drummer boy who became a Civil War hero, and Jessica Govea, a teenager who risked joining Cesar Chavez's fight for a better life for farmworkers. Throughout, Philip Hoose's own lively, knowledgeable voice provides a rich historical context-making this not only a great reference-but a great read. The first U.S. history book of this scope to focus on the role young people have played in the making of our country, its compelling stories combine to tell our larger national story, one that prompts Howard Zinn, author of A People's History of the United States, to comment, "This is an extraordinary book-wonderfully readable, inspiring to young and old alike, and unique."
Phillip Hoose is an award-winning author of books, essays, stories, songs, and articles. Although he first wrote for adults, he turned his attention to children and young adults, in part to keep up with his own daughters. Hey, Little Ant was named by the Jane Addams Children's Book Committee as one of four children's books that "most effectively promote the cause of peace, social change and world community." It's Our World, Too!: Stories of Young People Who Are Making a Difference won the Christopher Award. It was a comment made by a young social activist he interviewed for It's Our World, Too! that inspired We Were There, Too! Sarah Rosen pointed out: "We're not taught about younger people who have made a difference. Studying history almost makes you feel like youre not a real person." Phil says, "We Were There, Too! is an effort to stitch together a sense of our nation's history through the stories of scores of young people, as many girls as boys, from the major cultures in our national tapestry. In writing this book, my own love for history and biography increased immeasurably." Phil is a staff member of The Nature Conservancy and he lives with his family in Portland, Maine. He is also a founding member of the Children's Music Network.
"Shoot me if you dare. I will not tell you."
Dicey Langston, age fifteen, to a gun-pointing loyalist in 1780,
who demands she reveal a patriot secret.
This unique book is the first to tell the story of the role young people have played in the making of our nation. It brings to life their contributions throughout American historyfrom the boys who sailed with Columbus to today's young activists. Based largely on primary sourcesfirst-person accounts, journals, and interviewsit highlights the fascinating stories of more than seventy young people from diverse cultures.
Meet Olaudah Equiano, kidnapped from his village in western Africa and forced to endure a terrifying voyage into slavery; Rebecca Bates, who with her sister plays the fife and drum that scare off British soldiers during the War of 1812; and Anyokah, who helps her father create a written Cherokee language. Descend into the darkness of a Pennsylvania coal mine with nine-year-old Joseph Miliauskas for a ten-hour day that leaves his fingers bloody; read Carolyn McKinstry's account of being hosed by police during the 1963 Birmingham civil rights march; and join Jessica Govea, who, as a teenager, worked side by side with Cesar Chavez to organize migrant farm workers.
A teacher's guide to We Were There, Too! is available at http://www.weweretheretoo.com/guide.htm.
"This may be the most exhilarating and revelatory history of our country. It is the heroism of our young, hitherto unwritten, often told in their own words, from a teenager sailing with Columbus to a kid with AIDS. Phil Hoose has done a remarkable piece of detective work. It is MUST reading for today's youthas well as their elders."Studs Terkel
"This may be the most exhilarating and revelatory history of our country. It is the heroism of our young, hitherto unwritten, often told in their own words, from a teenager sailing with Columbus to a kid with AIDS. Phil Hoose has done a remarkable piece of detective work. It is MUST reading for today's youthas well as their elders."Studs Terkel
"This is an extraordinary bookwonderfully readable, inspiring to young and old alike, and unique. I know of nothing like it. Readers will find both enjoyment and enlightenment, learning about episodes in American history they were never taught in school. It is time that the young were given their due in the national story, and Phil Hoose does it with prodigious research and delightful style."Howard Zinn, author of A People's History of the United States
"We Were There, Too! shows young readers how other young people have shaped American history in large and small ways. This book reminds us all that we are never too young to make a difference."Marian Wright Edelman, President, Children's Defense Fund
"This book is inspiring, showing the active roles played by young people throughout history, from long ago to recent times. May it show young people in every corner of our land today how they can be active in the great struggle of our time: to build a peaceful world, in spite of all our differences."Pete Seeger
"A treasure chest of history come to life, this is an inspired collection . . . There are famous figures such as Pocahontas and Sacajawea, and less famous, such as Billy Bates and Dick King, both of whom escaped from Andersonville, and Enrique Esparza, survivor of the Alamo. Each story ends with a brief paragraph describing 'What Happened to-' the person after that moment in history . . . Packed with historical documents, evocatively illustrated (with black-and-white photographs, engravings, drawings, maps, and the like), and full of eyewitness quotations . . . Valuable."Herman Sutter, Saint Agnes Academy, Houston, Texas, School Library Journal
"Hoose ties lively narratives to larger historical events through cogent chapter introductions. There is liberal use of first-person sources . . . Numerous illustrations of individuals, related subjects, maps, and broadsides add to the context . . . These sixty-seven personal vignettes beg to be read aloud, particularly in social studies classes."Horn Book
"Using mostly primary sourcesjournals, diaries, interviewshe takes readers on a ride through American history, starting at the very beginning: he introduces the cabin boys who sailed with Columbus and the young Taino Indians who greeted them. More than 60 young people of all races and religions are profiled: Phillis Wheatley, a slave and poet; Sybil Ludington, who outrode Paul Revere to warn the colonists about the British; Bill Cody, later Buffalo Bill, who as a young teen rode for the Pony Express. There are other famous names, tooPocahontas, Cesar Chavez, Bill Gatesbut most are young people who made their mark, then faded from memory. This attractive book reintroduces them. Black-and-white photos, maps, and memorabilia illustrate the text; and sidebars add information about everything from baseball to the reasons the Mormons went to Salt Lake . . .Teachers will find numerous ways to use each profile, but children will just enjoy flipping through the pages; they'll find themselves touched in many ways."Ilene Cooper, Booklist (starred review)
"An impressive survey . . . Pictures, maps and prints help bring these stories to life, but it is the actions of these young people that will inspire readers to realize that they, too, can play a part in making America's history."Publishers Weekly
"To feel effective in society, young people need a sense of their historical stake in it. Far more than any book I've seen, We Were There, Too! shows that youths have often shaped important events in our national story . . . Young people haven't received the recognition they deserve. At last, here is a book to right the wrong."Senator Gaylord Nelson, founder of Earth Day
Table of Contents
Introduction
Part One. "¡Tierra!": When Two Worlds Met
DIEGO BERMUDEZ: SAILING INTO THE UNKNOWN
Palos de la Frontera, Spain, 1492
THE TAINOS: DISCOVERING COLUMBUS
And Other Islands of the New World, 1492
Part Two. Strangers in Paradise: The British Colonies
POCAHONTAS: PEACEMAKER, CARTWHEELER, PRINCESS
Werowocomoco, 1607
pard
TOM SAVAGE: LIVING TWO LIVES
Jamestown,Virginia,1608
ORPHANS AND TOBACCO BRIDES: FEEDING ENGLAND'S NEWEST HABIT
London and Virginia, 1619
SAINTS AND STRANGERS: BOUND BY HOPE
London and Plymouth, Massachusetts, 1620
BETTY PARRIS AND ABIGAIL WILLIAMS: BEWITCHED OR BORED?
SalemVillage, Massachusetts, 1692
EUNICE WILLIAMS: CAPTIVE
Deerfield, Massachusetts, 1704
ELIZA LUCAS: INDIGO PLANTER
Wappo Plantation, South Carolina, 1740
OLAUDAH EQUIANO: KIDNAPPED INTO SLAVERY
Benin, Africa, 1756
PHILLIS WHEATLEY: THE IMPOSSIBLE POET
Boston, Massachusetts, 1773
Part Three. Breaking Away: The American Revolution
ANNA GREEN WINSLOW AND CHARITY CLARK:
Rhode Island and Massachusetts, late 1760s
CHRISTOPHER SEIDER AND SAMUEL MAVERICK: MARTYRS OF THE REVOLUTION
Boston, Massachusetts, 1770
JOSEPH PLUMB MARTIN: "AND NOW I WAS A SOLDIER"
Milford, Connecticut, 1775
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS: TRANSLATING FOR THE REVOLUTION
America, France, and Russia, 1770s and early 1780s
SYBIL LUDINGTON: OUTDISTANCING PAUL REVERE
Fredericksburg, NewYork, April 26,1777
MARY REDMOND, JOHN DARRAGH, AND DICEY LANGSTON: SPIES
Pennsylvania and South Carolina, 1777-1783
JAMES FORTEN: SAVED BY A GAME OF MARBLES
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1780
PRIVATE DEBORAH SAMPSON: ALIAS ROBERT SHIRTLIFFE
Massachusetts and NewYork, 1779-1782
Part Four. Learning to Be a Nation
SMITH WILKINSON: THE SAME THING OVER AND OVER
Pawtucket, Rhode Island, 1790
REBECCA AND ABIGAIL BATES: AN ARMY OF TWO
Scituate, Massachusetts, 1814
CAROLINE PICKERSGILL: STITCHING THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER
Baltimore, Maryland, 1813
LUCY LARCOM AND HARRIET HANSON: VOICES OF THE MILLS
n0 Lowell, Massachusetts, 1830s
ANYOKAH: TEACHING LEAVES TO TALK
Southeastern United States, 1820s and 1830s
MANJIRO: BRINGING AMERICA TO JAPAN
Japan and Massachusetts, 1840s
GEORGE FRED TILTON: "WHY, WHALING I SUPPOSE"
New Bedford, Massachusetts, 1870s
FREDERICK DOUGLASS: TAKING ON A TYRANT
Maryland, 1833
ALLEN JAY: UNDERGROUND RAILROAD CONDUCTOR
Indiana and Ohio, 1844
MARIA WEEMS: ESCAPE TO CANADA
Rockville, Maryland, to Ontario, Canada, 1855
Part Five. One Nation or Two? The Civil War
ELISHA STOCKWELL: "SUCH A MESS AS I WAS IN"
Wisconsin, 1861
JOHNNY CLEM: POSTER BOY OF THE NORTH
Battlefields, 1861-1864
BILLY BATES AND DICK KING: ESCAPE FROM ANDERSONVILLE
Andersonville, Georgia, 1864
SUSIE KING TAYLOR: AT THE HEART OF THE SEA ISLANDS
Coastal islands of Georgia and South Carolina, 1862-1865
CARRIE BERRY: "THEY CAME BURNING ATLANTA TODAY"
Atlanta, Georgia, 1864
VINNIE REAM: "I . . . BEGGED MR. LINCOLN NOT TO ALLOW ME TO DISTURB HIM"
Washington, D.C., 1865
Part Six. Elbow Room: The West
SACAGAWEA: "SHE INSPIRED US ALL"
North Dakota to the Pacific Ocean, 1804-1806
ENRIQUE ESPARZA: INSIDE THE ALAMO
San Antonio, Texas, February 23-March 6,1836
MARY GOBLE: WALKING TO ZION
The West, 1856
WILLIAM CODY: RACING THE WIND
California to the Mississippi River, 1860
"NG POON CHEW AND LEE CHEW: GOLD MOUNTAIN BOYS
China and San Francisco, California, 1850s-1880s
TEDDY BLUE ABBOTT: COWPUNCHER
Texas to Nebraska, 1871-1878
CHUKA: " I DID NOT WANT MY SHIRT TAKEN FROM MY BACK
Arizona, 1899
Part Seven. Shifting Gears in a New Century
p0
GENE SCHERMERHORN: A NEW CITY EVERY DAY
New York City, 1841-1922
ROSE COHEN: FIRST DAY IN A SWEATSHOP
Russia and New York City, 1892
JOSEPH MILIAUSKAS: BREAKER BOY
Scranton, Pennsylvania, 1900
JENNIE CURTIS: STRIKE LEADER
Pullman, Illinois, 1893-1894
KID BLINK AND THE NEWIES: BRINGING DOWN GOLIATHS
New York City, 1899
THAYER: BECOMING A MAN ABOARD THE TITANIC
Ocean, 1,000 miles due east of Boston, 1912
EDNA PURTELL: SUFFRAGIST
Hartford, Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., 1918
CHARLES DENBY: BOUND NORTH
Lowndes County, Alabama, to Detroit, Michigan, 1924
JACKIE COOPER: "LIGHTS, ACTION, CRY!"
Hollywood, California, 1930
Part Eight. Hard Times: Wars, Depression, and Dust
MARGARET DAVIDSON: WAR ON THE HOME FRONT
Hamburg, Iowa, 1914-1918
HARLEY HOLLADAY: BLACK SUNDAY
Near Dodge City, Kansas, 1935
PEGGY EATON: RlDIN' THE RAILS
Wyoming, Idaho, and Washington, 1938
CALVIN GRAHAM: TOO YOUNG TO BE A HERO?
Houston, Texas, and the Solomon Island, 1942
TERRY GRIMMESEY: "WHAT HAD WE DONE?
Poston, Arizona, 1942
JOE NUXHALL AND ANNA MEYER: A WARTIME CHANCE TO PLAY BALL
Cincinnati, Ohio, and Kenosha, Wisconsin, 1944
Part Nine. Tunes That Kept a-Changin'
CLAUDETTE COLVIN: THE FIRST TO KEEP HER SEAT
Montgomery, Alabama, 1955
ELIZABETH ECKFORD: FACING A MOB ON THE FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL
Little Rock, Arkansas, 1957
CAROLYN MCKINSTRY: ON THE FIRING LINE
Birmingham, Alabama, 1963
JOHN TINKER: TINKER V. DES MOINES
Des Moines, Iowa, 1965-1968
JESSICA GOVEA: EDUCATION OF A UNION ORGANIZER
Bakersfield, California, late 1960s
BILL GATES: ANOTHER REVOLUTIONrSeattle, Washington, 1968
ARN CHORN: STARTING ALL OVER
Cambodia and New Hampshire, 1970s
JUDI WARREN AND THE WARSAW TIGERS: TAKING CENTER STAGE
Warsaw, Indiana, 1976
RYAN WHITE: GOING TO SCHOOL WITH AIDS
Kokomo, Indiana, 1984-1986
KORY JOHNSON: AN ENVIRONMENTALIST FOR LIFE
Maryville, Arizona, 1990s
Linking Up in the Twenty-first Century
Acknowledgments
Sources
Index
Picture Credits
"This is an extraordinary book -- wonderfully readable, inspiring to young and old alike, and unique." (Howard Zinn, author of A Peoples History of the United States)
Hear their voices.
"Shoot me if you dare, I will not tell you." --Dicey Langston, a patriot at age fifteen, to a gun-pointing loyalist, 1780
"Mom, I'm not going back tomorrow to work. My fingers are all bloody." --Joseph Miliauskas, age nine, coal miner, 1900
"I walked out to the barbed wire fence by myself and watched the guards walk back and forth, carrying their rifles. Why did they need guns? What had we done?" --Terry Grimmesey, age twelve, a Japanese-American girl confined at the Poston, Arizona, internment camp, 1942
"I was labeled a troublemaker . . . People would get up and leave, so they would not have to sit anywhere near me." --Ryan White, infected with the AIDS virus, 1986 Phillip Hoose
From the boys who sailed with Columbus to today's young activists, this unique book brings to life the contributions of young people throughout American history. Based on primary sources and including 160 authentic images, this handsome oversized volume highlights the fascinating stories of more than seventy young people from diverse cultures. Young readers will be hooked into history as they meet individuals their own age who were caught up in our country's most dramatic moments -- Olaudah Equiano, kidnapped from his village in western Africa and forced into slavery; Anyokah, who helped her father create a written Cherokee language; Johnny Clem, the nine-year-old drummer boy who became a Civil War hero; and Jessica Govea, a teenager who risked joining Cesar Chavez's fight for a better life for farmworkers. Throughout, Phillip Hoose's own lively, knowledgeable voice provides a rich historical context -- making this not only a great reference but a great read.
The first U.S. history book of this scope to focus on the role young people have played in the making of our country, it presents compelling stories that combine to tell our larger national story, one that prompts Howard Zinn, author of A People's History of the United States, to comment: "This is an extraordinary book -- wonderfully readable, inspiring to young and old alike, and unique."
This may be the most exhilarating and revelatory history of our country. It is must reading for today's youth-as well as their elders. --Studs Terkel
From the boys who sailed with Columbus to today's young activists, this unique book brings to life the contributions of young people throughout American history. Based on primary sources and including 160 authentic images, this handsome oversized volume highlights the fascinating stories of more than 70 young people from diverse cultures. Young readers will be hooked into history as they meet individuals their own age who were caught up in our country's most dramatic moments-Olaudah Equiano, kidnapped from his village in western Africa and forced into slavery, Anyokah, who helped her father create a written Cherokee language, Johnny Clem, the nine-year-old drummer boy who became a Civil War hero, and Jessica Govea, a teenager who risked joining Cesar Chavez's fight for a better life for farmworkers. Throughout, Philip Hoose's own lively, knowledgeable voice provides a rich historical context-making this not only a great reference-but a great read. The first U.S. history book of this scope to focus on the role young people have played in the making of our country, its compelling stories combine to tell our larger national story, one that prompts Howard Zinn, author of A People's History of the United States, to comment, This is an extraordinary book-wonderfully readable, inspiring to young and old alike, and unique.
Phillip Hoose is an award-winning author of books, essays, stories, songs, and articles. Although he first wrote for adults, he turned his attention to children and young adults, in part to keep up with his own daughters. Hey, Little Ant was named by the Jane Addams Children's Book Committee as one of four children's books that most effectively promote the cause of peace, social change and world community. It's Our World, Too : Stories of Young People Who Are Making a Difference won the Christopher Award. It was a comment made by a young social activist he interviewed for It's Our World, Too that inspired We Were There, Too Sarah Rosen pointed out: We're not taught about younger people who have made a difference. Studying history almost makes you feel like you're not a real person. Phil says, We Were There, Too is an effort to stitch together a sense of our nation's history through the stories of scores of young people, as many girls as boys, from the major cultures in our national tapestry. In writing this book, my own love for history and biography increased immeasurably. Phil is a staff member of The Nature Conservancy and he lives with his family in Portland, Maine. He is also a founding member of the Children's Music Network.
Shoot me if you dare. I will not tell you.
--Dicey Langston, age fifteen, to a gun-pointing loyalist in 1780,
who demands she reveal a patriot secret.
This unique book is the first to tell the story of the role young people have played in the making of our nation. It brings to life their contributions throughout American history--from the boys who sailed with Columbus to today's young activists. Based largely on primary sources--first-person accounts, journals, and interviews--it highlights the fascinating stories of more than seventy young people from diverse cultures.
Meet Olaudah Equiano, kidnapped from his village in western Africa and forced to endure a terrifying voyage into slavery; Rebecca Bates, who with her sister plays the fife and drum that scare off British soldiers during the War of 1812; and Anyokah, who helps her father create a written Cherokee language. Descend into the darkness of a Pennsylvania coal mine with nine-year-old Joseph Miliauskas for a ten-hour day that leaves his fingers bloody; read Carolyn McKinstry's account of being hosed by police during the 1963 Birmingham civil rights march; and join Jessica Govea, who, as a teenager, worked side by side with Cesar Chavez to organize migrant farm workers.
A teacher's guide to We Were There, Too is available at http: //www.weweretheretoo.com/guide.htm.
This may be the most exhilarating and revelatory history of our country. It is the heroism of our young, hitherto unwritten, often told in their own words, from a teenager sailing with Columbus to a kid with AIDS. Phil Hoose has done a remarkable piece of detective work. It is MUST reading for today's youth--as well as their elders.--Studs Terkel
This may be the most exhilarating and revelatory history of our country. It is the heroism of our young, hitherto unwritten, often told in their own words, from a teenager sailing with Columbus to a kid with AIDS. Phil Hoose has done a remarkable piece of detective work. It is MUST reading for today's youth--as well as their elders.--Studs Terkel
This is an extraordinary book--wonderfully readable, inspiring to young and old alike, and unique. I know of nothing like it. Readers will find both enjoyment and enlightenment, learning about episodes in American history they were never taught in school. It is time that the young were given their due in the national story, and Phil Hoose does it with prodigious research and delightful style.--Howard Zinn, author of A People's History of the United States
We Were There, Too shows young readers how other young people have shaped American history in large and small ways. This book reminds us all that we are never too young to make a difference.--Marian Wright Edelman, President, Children's Defense Fund
This book is inspiring, showing the active roles played by young people throughout history, from long ago to recent times. May it show young people in every corner of our land today how they can be active in the great struggle of our time: to build a peaceful world, in spite of all our differences.--Pete Seeger
A treasure chest of history come to life, this is an inspired collection . . . There are famous figures such as Pocahontas and Sacajawea, and less famous, such as Billy Bates and Dick King, both of whom escaped from Andersonville, and Enrique Esparza, survivor of the Alamo. Each story ends with a brief paragraph describing 'What Happened to-' the person after that moment in history . . . Packed with historical documents, evocatively illustrated (with black-and-white photographs, engravings, drawings, maps, and the like), and full of eyewitness quotations . . . Valuable.--Herman Sutter, Saint Agnes Academy, Houston, Texas, School Library Journal
Hoose ties lively narratives to larger historical events through cogent chapter introductions. There is liberal use of first-person sources . . . Numerous illustrations of individuals, related subjects, maps, and broadsides add to the context . . . These sixty-seven personal vignettes beg to be read aloud, particularly in social studies classes.--Horn Book
Using mostly primary sources--journals, diaries, interviews--he takes readers on a ride through American history, starting at the very beginning: he introduces the cabin boys who sailed with Columbus and the young Taino Indians who greeted them. More than 60 young people of all races and religions are profiled: Phillis Wheatley, a slave and poet; Sybil Ludington, who outrode Paul Revere to warn the colonists about the British; Bill Cody, later Buffalo Bill, who as a young teen rode for the Pony Express. There are other famous names, too--Pocahontas, Cesar Chavez, Bill Gates--but most are young people who made their mark, then faded from memory. This attractive book reintroduces them. Black-and-white photos, maps, and memorabilia illustrate the text; and sidebars add information about everything from baseball to the reasons the Mormons went to Salt Lake . . .Teachers will find numerous ways to use each profile, but children will just enjoy flipping through the pages; they'll find themselves touched in many ways.--Ilene Cooper, Booklist (starred review)
An impressive survey . . . Pictures, maps and prints help bring these stories to life, but it is the actions of these young people that will inspire readers to realize that they, too, can play a part in making America's history.--Publishers Weekly
To feel effective in society, young people need a sense of their historical stake in it. Far more than any book I've seen, We Were There, Too shows that youths have often shaped important events in our national story . . . Young people haven't received the recognition they deserve. At last, here is a book to right the wrong.--Senator Gaylord Nelson, founder of Earth Day
Table of Contents
Introduction
Part One. Tierra : When Two Worlds Met
DIEGO BERMUDEZ: SAILING INTO THE UNKNOWN
Palos de la Frontera, Spain, 1492
THE TAINOS: DISCOVERING COLUMBUS
And Other Islands of the New World, 1492
Part Two. Strangers in Paradise: The British Colonies
POCAHONTAS: PEACEMAKER, CARTWHEELER, PRINCESS
Werowocomoco, 1607
pard
TOM SAVAGE: LIVING TWO LIVES
Jamestown, Virginia,1608
ORPHANS AND TOBACCO BRIDES: FEEDING ENGLAND'S NEWEST HABIT
London and Virginia, 1619
SAINTS AND STRANGERS: BOUND BY HOPE
London and Plymouth, Massachusetts, 1620
BETTY PARRIS AND ABIGAIL WILLIAMS: BEWITCHED OR BORED?
SalemVillage, Massachusetts, 1692
EUNICE WILLIAMS: CAPTIVE
Deerfield, Massachusetts, 1704
ELIZA LUCAS: INDIGO PLANTER
Wappo Plantation, South Carolina, 1740
OLAUDAH EQUIANO: KIDNAPPED INTO SLAVERY
Benin, Africa, 1756
PHILLIS WHEATLEY: THE IMPOSSIBLE POET
Boston, Massachusetts, 1773
Part Three. Breaking Away: The American Revolution
ANNA GREEN WINSLOW AND CHARITY CLARK:
Rhode Island and Massachusetts, late 1760s
CHRISTOPHER SEIDER AND SAMUEL MAVERICK: MARTYRS OF THE REVOLUTION
Boston, Massachusetts, 1770
JOSEPH PLUMB MARTIN: AND NOW I WAS A SOLDIER
Milford, Connecticut, 1775
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS: TRANSLATI