Synopses & Reviews
PREFACE This collection of data is published in response to the need expressed by the following resolution passed by the International Meteorological Conference in session at Utrecht in September 1923 RESOLUTION 13- 4 V. Considering Professor Exners proposal about the calculation of the correlations between weather-anomalies in regions far from each other, the Conference thinks that publication of long and homogeneous series of observations in the form of monthly means of pressure, temperature, and rainfall would be of the highest importance for the study of the general circulation of the atmosphere. This publication should comprise a small number of stations at a mutual distance of 500 to 1000 kilometers, preferably belonging to the Reseau Mondial, and if these should fail, other stations with a longer homo geneous series. It proposes that the various meteorological institutes should establish such series up to the year 1920 and invites the following gentlemen to see to the execution of this Resolution. Dr. Walker for the stations of Asia Prof. Exner for the stations of Europe Mr. Clayton for the stations of America Dr. Simpson for the stations of Africa, Australia and the oceans. The data for 1921 to 1930 for the British Empire, for Africa, for Australia, and for the island stations in the ocean were gathered by Dr. G. C. Simpson or under his direction. Owing to Dr. Exners death since the last publication, Miss Frances L. Clayton undertook the collection of data from Europe. She also carried on most of the correspondence necessary for gather ing data from other parts of the world. Mr. R. C. Mossman is largely responsible, as in the case of the preceding publication, for the datagathered from South America. The collectors of the data are grateful for the hearty cooperation of the various weather services in compiling and forwarding the data requested. Meteorology stands deeply indebted to Mr. John A. Roebling for providing the means to publish this long-desired collection of fundamental data, which cannot but be of great use in future theoretical and practical researches. 0WK i i relented ovevnvnent c Me tf nifect an tie United EDITORIAL NOTE The data 1921 to 1930 for the land stations, part I, have been arranged for publication alphabetically, first under the grand divisions of the earth as Africa, Asia, Europe, etc., then by countries under each division and finally by stations in each country except in the case of Australia, Africa and the Indian Ocean, where it was found more practical to arrange the stations alphabetically under the larger divisions. In each country the stations giving only rainfall data ap pear in alphabetical order after the main tables giving two or three elements. The grand divisions and the countries are given under their English names, but the names of the stations have been taken as nearly as possible to accord with the spelling used in the countries where they are located, and the English equivalent is given in parentheses. The units used are those of the countries where the observations were made, and are given as they were received. Owing to the diversity of units used, and to the fact that explana tion of the methods and the hours of observation were best arranged by countries, it was not considered feasible to publish the data by 10 squares of latitude and longitude, as is done in the Reseau Morf dial. An index of the stationsaccording to the Reseau Mondial system is provided at the end of the publication. The material published has been collected, in so far as possible, from official sources responsible for the observations. In addition a large part of the data has been checked against neighboring stations by the various collectors, in order to eliminate errors which easily creep in when copying so large a mass of material. Many such errors were found and corrected by correspondence...